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Anthony Kristanto
Cidera janji/wanprestasi dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian build operate and transfer antara PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Tbk.; dana pensiun BRI dengan PT. Mulia Persada Pacific : studi kasus putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia No. 247 PK/Pdt/2013 = Injury promises default in the implementation agreement in build operate and transfer between PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Tbk.; BRI pension fund with PT. Mulia Persada Pacific : case study Supreme Court decision of the Republic of Indonesia Number 247 PK/Pdt/2013
"[ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini membahas tentang Perjanjian Bangun Guna Serah (Build, Operate
and Transfer/ BOT) yang merupakan istilah baru dalam kegiatan ekonomi
Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah
penelitian kepustakaan yang bersifat yuridis normatif dan menggunakan alat
pengumpul data yang berupa studi dokumen baik data primer maupun data
sekunder. Adapun pengertian BOT adalah pemanfaatan barang milik kekayaan
negara atau swasta/ perorangan yang berupa tanah oleh pihak lain, dimana pihak
tersebut diberikan hak untuk membangun bangunan dan/ atau sarana lain berikut
fasilitas di atas tanah tersebut, serta mendayagunakannya dalam jangka waktu
tertentu, untuk kemudian menyerahkan kembali tanah, bangunan, dan/ atau sarana
lain berikut fasilitas tersebut beserta pendayagunaannya kepada Departemen/
Lembaga atau pemilik lahan bersangkutan setelah berakhirnya jangka waktu yang
disepakati. Dalam perjanjian BOT ada kemungkinan terjadinya wanprestasi,
dalam hal ini wanprestasi terjadi antara PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Tbk.; Dana
Pensiun BRI Dengan PT. Mulia Persada Pacific. PT. Mulia Persada Pacific
dianggap melakukan wanprestasi karena tidak memenuhi beberapa kewajibannya
yang sudah diperjanjikan yang pada akhirnya harus diselesaikan melalui
pengadilan yang berakibat pada berakhirnya perjanjian BOT tersebut dan PT.
Mulia Persada Pacific harus membayar biaya ganti rugi, denda dan bunga serta
biaya perkaranya. Hasil penelitian ini menyarankan agar perjanjian BOT perlu
segera dibuat pengaturan khusus yang dapat berupa peraturan perundangundangan
ataupun peraturan pemerintah serta para pihak yang berkepentingan
dalam perjanjian BOT harus lebih selektif dalam memilih mitra kerjasamanya.
ABSTRACT
This study discusses about the Build Agreement To Deliver ( Build , Operate and
Transfer / BOT ) which is a relatively new term in the Indonesian economic
activities . The method that used in this thesis is the research literature normative
juridical and use data collection tool in the form of studies document both the
primary data and secondary data. The definition of the BOT is the use of state
property or private property / individuals in the form of land by another party ,
where the party is given the right to build a building and / or other means the
following facilities on the land , and use it within a certain period , and then
handed back to the land , building , and / or other means of following the facility
along and right to use it to the Department / Institution or relevant land owner
after the expiration of the agreed period . In a BOT agreement is no possibility of
default , in which case default occurs between PT . Bank Rakyat Indonesia , Tbk .
; BRI Pension Fund With PT . Mulia Persada Pacific . PT . Mulia Persada Pacific
considered in default because it did not meet some of its obligations as they fall
due , which in turn must be resolved through the courts that resulted in the
expiration of the BOT agreement and PT . Mulia Persada Pacific should pay
indemnity costs , penalties and interest as well as the cost of its case . The result of
this study suggest that the BOT agreement needs to be made special regulation
that can be either legislation or regulation and as stakeholders in BOT agreement
should be more selective in choosing their cooperration partners.;This study discusses about the Build Agreement To Deliver ( Build , Operate and
Transfer / BOT ) which is a relatively new term in the Indonesian economic
activities . The method that used in this thesis is the research literature normative
juridical and use data collection tool in the form of studies document both the
primary data and secondary data. The definition of the BOT is the use of state
property or private property / individuals in the form of land by another party ,
where the party is given the right to build a building and / or other means the
following facilities on the land , and use it within a certain period , and then
handed back to the land , building , and / or other means of following the facility
along and right to use it to the Department / Institution or relevant land owner
after the expiration of the agreed period . In a BOT agreement is no possibility of
default , in which case default occurs between PT . Bank Rakyat Indonesia , Tbk .
; BRI Pension Fund With PT . Mulia Persada Pacific . PT . Mulia Persada Pacific
considered in default because it did not meet some of its obligations as they fall
due , which in turn must be resolved through the courts that resulted in the
expiration of the BOT agreement and PT . Mulia Persada Pacific should pay
indemnity costs , penalties and interest as well as the cost of its case . The result of
this study suggest that the BOT agreement needs to be made special regulation
that can be either legislation or regulation and as stakeholders in BOT agreement
should be more selective in choosing their cooperration partners.;This study discusses about the Build Agreement To Deliver ( Build , Operate and
Transfer / BOT ) which is a relatively new term in the Indonesian economic
activities . The method that used in this thesis is the research literature normative
juridical and use data collection tool in the form of studies document both the
primary data and secondary data. The definition of the BOT is the use of state
property or private property / individuals in the form of land by another party ,
where the party is given the right to build a building and / or other means the
following facilities on the land , and use it within a certain period , and then
handed back to the land , building , and / or other means of following the facility
along and right to use it to the Department / Institution or relevant land owner
after the expiration of the agreed period . In a BOT agreement is no possibility of
default , in which case default occurs between PT . Bank Rakyat Indonesia , Tbk .
; BRI Pension Fund With PT . Mulia Persada Pacific . PT . Mulia Persada Pacific
considered in default because it did not meet some of its obligations as they fall
due , which in turn must be resolved through the courts that resulted in the
expiration of the BOT agreement and PT . Mulia Persada Pacific should pay
indemnity costs , penalties and interest as well as the cost of its case . The result of
this study suggest that the BOT agreement needs to be made special regulation
that can be either legislation or regulation and as stakeholders in BOT agreement
should be more selective in choosing their cooperration partners., This study discusses about the Build Agreement To Deliver ( Build , Operate and
Transfer / BOT ) which is a relatively new term in the Indonesian economic
activities . The method that used in this thesis is the research literature normative
juridical and use data collection tool in the form of studies document both the
primary data and secondary data. The definition of the BOT is the use of state
property or private property / individuals in the form of land by another party ,
where the party is given the right to build a building and / or other means the
following facilities on the land , and use it within a certain period , and then
handed back to the land , building , and / or other means of following the facility
along and right to use it to the Department / Institution or relevant land owner
after the expiration of the agreed period . In a BOT agreement is no possibility of
default , in which case default occurs between PT . Bank Rakyat Indonesia , Tbk .
; BRI Pension Fund With PT . Mulia Persada Pacific . PT . Mulia Persada Pacific
considered in default because it did not meet some of its obligations as they fall
due , which in turn must be resolved through the courts that resulted in the
expiration of the BOT agreement and PT . Mulia Persada Pacific should pay
indemnity costs , penalties and interest as well as the cost of its case . The result of
this study suggest that the BOT agreement needs to be made special regulation
that can be either legislation or regulation and as stakeholders in BOT agreement
should be more selective in choosing their cooperration partners.]"
2015
T43024
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Puspla Dirdjaja
Impementasi perjanjian kerjasama yang dilakukan antara pemerintah propinsi daerah khusus Ibukota Jakarta dengan pihak ketiga dalam rangka pendayagunaan kekayaan daerah melalui bentuk Build, Operate and Transfer (BOT)
"Dengan ditetapkannya Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah, telah terjadi perubahan mendasar mengenai pengetahuan hubungan Pusat dan Daerah, khususnya di bidang Administrasi Pemerintahan rnaupun dalam hubungan keuangan antara Pemerintah Pusat dan Daerah yang dikenal sebagai Otonomi Daerah.
Dalam era Otonomi Daerah yang sekarang ini, Daerah diberikan kewenangan yang lebih besar untuk mengatur dan mengurus rumah tangganya sendiri. Tujuannya antara lain adalah untuk lebih mendekatkan pelayanan pemerintah kepada masyarakat, memudahkan masyarakat untuk memantau dan mengontrol penggunaan dana yang bersumber dari. Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah, selain untuk menciptakan persaingan yang sehat antara daerah dan mendorong timbulnya inovasi.
Penyusunan Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 1999 dan Undang-undang Nomor 25 Tahun 1999 yang kemudian keduanya dikenal sebagai Undang-undang otonomi Daerah, adalah dalam rangka mewujudkan pemerintahan daerah yang efisien, efektif, akuntabel.
Hal ini dapat diperhatikan dalam penjelasan Undangundang tersebut yang menyatakan bahwa penyelenggaraan otonomi daerah bertujuan untuk peningkatan pelayanan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat yang semakin baik, pengembangan kehidupan demokratis, keadilan dan pemerataan serta pemeliharaan hubungan yang serasi antara Pusat dan Daerah serta antar Daerah dalam rangka menjaga keutuhan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia.
Dalam penyelenggaraan otonomi daerah perlu ada dukungan berupa kewenangan yang luas, nyata dan bertanggung jawab di daerah secara proporsional yang diwujudkan dengan pengkturan pembagian dan pemanfaatan sumber daya nasional yang berkeadilan, Berta perimbangan keuangan antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah. Sumber pembiayaan pemerintahan daerah dalam rangka perimbangan keuangan pemerintah pusat dan daerah dilaksanakan atas dasar desentralisasi, dekonsentrasi dan tugas pembantuan.
Konsekuensi dari penyerahan kewenangan yang demikian besar sudah barang tentu adalah tanggung jawab yang semakin besar pula terutama dalam hal penyelenggaraan seluruh kewenangan sehingga pemberdayaan, kreativitas dan inovasi menjadi kata kunci bagi setiap daerah otonom.
Kecuali dari dana perimbangan ataupun dana yang dikeluarkan Pemerintah Pusat, Daerah harus mampu mencari sumber-sumber pembiayaan melalui Sumber-sumber Pendapatan Daerah termasuk Pendapatan Asli Daerah. Disinilah sebenarnya terletak peluang bagi Pemerintah Daerah untuk mengoptimalkan pendapatan melalui salah satu Sumber Pendapatan Asia. Daerah (PAD) yaitu aset daerah. Penyerahan kewenagan yang berimplikasi pada membengkaknya aset daerah di satu sisi dapat menguntungkan Pemerintah Daerah, namun di sisi lain dapat menjadi beban bagi pemerintah jika tidak dikelola dengan baik.
Disinilah letak perlunya pengelolaan aset daerah secara hati-hati dan baik. Karena tak jarang dijumpai adanya pengelolaan aset seperti aset properti (tanah, bangunan dan infrastruktur) yang pada umumnya merugikan. Tantangan bagi Pemerintah Daerah untuk mengelola dan memastikan agar aset Pemerintah Daerah tidak lagi menjadi beban keuangan, tapi sebaliknya menjadi sumber pendapatan.
Oleh karena itu, diharapkan dengan adanya pelimpahan kewenangan yang telah diberikan sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam Undang-undang No. 22 Tahun 1999, maka dalam rangka memenuhi dari segi pembiayaan yang digunakan untuk mendukung pelaksanaan tugas-tugas di bidang pemerintahan tersebut, dapat terpenuhi dengan adanya kewenangan pemerintah daerah mencari sumber-sumber pembiayaan lain untuk pelaksanaannya yang didukung oleh perangkat peraturan Perundang-undangan Daerah yang berkenaan dengan hal dimaksud, terutama yang berkenaan dengan kerjasama dengan pihak ketiga, sehingga dapat mencapai hasil yang optimal, baik dari segi pemanfaatan aset maupun pemasukan terhadap pendapatan daerah."
Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2004
T19864
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Worotikan, Inez Karina
Pelaksanaan pembangunan dengan perjanjian bangun guna serah/build operate and transfer (BOT) dengan Pemerintah Daerah Kota Jambi = The implementation of development based on build operate and transfer agreement with Jambi City Government / Inez Karina Worotikan
"ABSTRAK
Build, Operate, and Transfer (BOT) is a shorthand term used to describe a
system in the funding or financing of constructing the project. Financing to build the project will be based on Build, Operate, and Transfer (BOT) system which performed by a party who is not the owner of the project with the goal to obtain benefit based on the permissions granted by the project owner in order to operate the project and take the whole or part of the income from the project during the certain period of time agreed upon both parties. After the license to operate the project ends, the owner regained control of the project.
In conjunction with the Build, Operate, and Transfer (BOT) system, the
Government can immediately meet the need for an infrastructure without the need to spend funds for its construction. The Government will only need to prepare the land for development and issue a concession for the construction and operation of such infrastructure. After the concession ends, the infrastructure will fully owned by the Government
One of the attempts by Jambi City Government for the development of the
economy is to use the land that is not functioning or not providing maximum
benefit. In Build, Operate, and Transfer (BOT) agreement between the Jambi City Government and PT XYZ as investor, there are three stages of action, as follows: the first stage, projects development undertaken by the investor, the second stage, in the form of the operation of a building project which is the right of investors and authorities, and the third stage is handing over the project at the end of term of cooperation to Jambi City Government as the landowner, which is carried out at the expiration of the concession period as been agreed in the agreement by both parties which is still referring to the provisions of the applicable regulations
ABSTRACT
Build, Operate, and Transfer (BOT) merupakan istilah singkat yang
digunakan untuk menggambarkan suatu sistem dalam pendanaan atau pembiayaan pembangunan suatu proyek. Pembiayaan untuk membangun proyek atas dasar sistem Build, Operate, and Transfer (BOT) dilakukan oleh suatu pihak yang bukan pemilik proyek dengan tujuan akan mendapatkan keuntungan berdasarkan izin yang diberikan oleh pemilik proyek untuk mengoperasikan proyek tersebut serta mengambil seluruh atau sebagian penghasilan dari proyek tersebut selama jangka waktu tertentu yang telah disepakati. Setelah izin untuk mengoperasikan proyek tersebut berakhir, pemiliknya kembali menguasai proyek tersebut
Dengan sistem Build, Operate, and Transfer (BOT), Pemerintah dapat
dengan segera memenuhi kebutuhan akan suatu infrastruktur tanpa perlu
mengeluarkan dana untuk pembangunannya. Pemerintah hanya menyiapkan lahan untuk pembangunannya dan mengeluarkan konsesi untuk pembangunan dan pengoperasian infrastruktur tersebut. Setelah konsesi berakhir, infrastruktur tersebut sepenuhnya menjadi milik Pemerintah
Salah satu upaya Pemerintah Daerah Kota Jambi untuk penyediaan dan
pengembangan fasilitas perekonomian adalah memanfaatkan lahan yang belum berfungsi atau belum memberikan manfaat maksimal. Dalam perjanjian Build, Operate, and Transfer (BOT) antara Pemerintah Daerah Kota Jambi dan PT XYZ selaku pihak investor, terdapat tiga tahapan tindakan, yaitu tahap pertama berupa tindakan pembangunan proyek yang dilakukan oleh pihak investor, tahap kedua berupa pengoperasian proyek bangunan yang merupakan hak dan wewenang investor, serta tahap ketiga berupa tindakan penyerahan proyek bangunan dari investor kepada pihak Pemerintah Daerah Kota Jambi selaku pemilik lahan, yang dilakukan pada saat berakhirnya masa konsesi yang telah disepakati sebelumnya sesuai yang diatur dalam masing-masing perjanjian dengan tetap merujuk pada ketentuan perundang-undangan yang berlaku."
2016
T46085
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Djumirin
Private sector's investments in toll road business through bot scheme in Indonesia
"Karena keterbatasan dana untuk memenuhi permintaan pembangunan sarana dan prasarana, banyak negara telah menerapkan sistem jalan tol. Pada awalnya pembiayaan jalan tol ditanggulangi dengan dana pemerintah, pinjaman bilateral dan multilateral. Permintaan pembangunan terus meningkat dan memalcsa pengikutsertaan sektor swasta - privatisasi.
Privatisasi dapat digunakan untuk memindahkan ekonomi ke sektor swasta dan mengurangi peran pemerintah. Privatisasi usaha jalan tol di Indonesia dimulai pertengahan 1980-an. Privatisasi atau "penjualan' proyek-proyek jalan tol kepada sektor swasta kewenangannya ada pada departemen teknis - Departemen Pekerjaan Umum. Pelaksanaanya dilakukan dengan penunjukan langsung, pemilihan terbatas dan pelelangan terbuka. investor harus bekerja sama dengan Jasa Marga sebagai Badan Pengelola jalan tol di lndosesia. Dalam konsep 80T investor membiayai pembangunan jalan tol, mengoperasikan dan setelah habis masa konsesi umumnya diatas 20 tahun, kewenangan atas jalan tol dikembalikan ke pemerintah tanpa kompensasi apapun.
Investasi jalan tol perlu dana besar, jangka panjang, dan arus kas pada awalnya defisit, penerimaan dari pendapatan tol dalam rupiah, meningkat terus sejalan dengan peningkatan volume lalu lintas dan kenaikan tarif. Volume lalu lintas suatu saat mencapai tingkat jenuh, sehingga selain biaya operasional dan pemeliharaan diperlukan investasi ulang untuk penambahan lajur. Jenis sumber dana dan nilai waktu daripada uang sangat penting, bisa mengakibatkan suatu proyek tidak layak. Diperlukan profesionalisme untuk dapat mengatasi resiko-resiko, terutama keuangan, agar tidak terjadi kegagalan investasi. Keberhasilan privatisasi memberikan keuntungan bagi pemerintah (jalan tol terbangun), dan masyarakat. (tarif tol dibawah BKBOK). Investor mendapatkan keuntungan bila sampai masa konsesi proyeksi keuangannya tercapai.
Konsep BOT adalah suatu alternatif pendanaan. Penerapan BOT perlu dilanjutkan dengan perencanaan dan pengaturan legal serta perhitungan biaya yang akural agar terhindar terjadinya kegagalan. Agar konsesi berhasil baik, masing-masing pihak wajib konsisten, konsekuen dalam menjalani kerjasama sesuai perjanjian yang telah disepakati. Kesulitan-kesulitan banyak timbul dalam proyek BOT dan merupakan tantangan bagi manajemen untuk mengatasinya. Pembangunan jalan tol di perkotaan memerlukan biaya investasi yang jauh lebih besar. Dalam pengadaan dengan penunjukkan langsung, total biaya investasi lebih besar dibanding dengan lelang terbuka karena tidak terjadi persaingan harga. Tingginya biaya investasi membawa akibat panjangnya masa konsesi. Konsesi yang panjang sebenarnya tidak masalah, yang penting pemerintah/Jasa Marga terhindar dari kerugian akibat kegagalan investasi. Dukungan pemerintah sangat diperlukan. Pemerintah perlu siap dengan FS, FED, OE dan TOR yang akurat sebelum dilakukan lelang.
Masalahnya adalah bagaimana mengerahkan investasi dana sebegitu besar dalam jangka panjang tanpa mempengaruhi industri bahkan dapat menyediakan prasarana yang diperlukan - jalan tol.
The condition of limited fund available for the development of infra- structures and public utilities has forced many countries to apply toll road system. Initially, toll road financing was sufficed with the government fund, toll revenue, bilateral and multilateral loans. The increasing demand for toll road development has forced the participation of the private sector - privatization.
Privatization can be used to move the economy to the private sector and reduce the government's role. Toll road privatization in Indonesia was started in mid of 1980s, among others through BOT system. The 'selling' of toil road projects to the private sector is implemented and under the approval of the Ministry of Public Works. It is carried out through direct appointment, limited tender and open Lender. Investments in toll road should be in cooperation with PT Jasa Marga (Persero) which has the right of management of toll roads in Indonesia. In the BOT concept the investors build the road, operate and enjoy the revenue, and upon expiry of the concession the toll road right is revert to the government without any compensation. New toll roads are provided without Government spending.
The investment needs huge fund, long-term period, the cash flow is initially deficit, toll revenue is in cash, in rupiah, and it increases in line with the increase of traffic volume until it reaches saturation. Yet it still increases due to tariff increase. When the road has reached its maximum capacity it needs widening so that in addition to the operation and maintenance expenditures the investor needs to reinvest. Being a long-term investment, the consideration of time .slue of money is important, and is determinative to the viability of the project. It requires professionalism to cope with the financial risks to avoid investment failure. The success of privatization will bring benefits to the government (roads are provided), to the community as the beneficiary (tariff is lower than SVOC), and the investor enjoys the benefit if until the expiry of the concession period the financial projection can be realized.
BOT concept is an alternative of financing. its implementation is worth to be continued with effective planning, accurate financial estimates and computation, and better legal arrangements. To be a sound concessionaire each party in the BOT project should be consistent, observe and adhere to the agreements. Many problems, mostly financial difficulties are challenging the management.
Toll road development in city areas needs much more funds. Project procured through direct appointment is with higher investment cost than through open tender because there is no pricing competition. Higher investment cost claims a longer concession period. Providing that the 130T project becomes viable and safe without bringing loss to the government until the concession is expired, limiting the concession period to, e.g. 30 years is likely not wise. For the success of BOT, the government's desire and supports arc-required and it needs to be completed with PFS, FS, FED, OE and TOR and well-worded tender documents before tender. The remaining question is how to mobilize so huge funds for so long a term from the community without/ hampering industrial development but providing it with transportation facilities they require - TOLL ROADS."
Depok: Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia, 1997
T1539
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Norma Oktaria
Investasi Ketenagalistrikan di Indonesia: Tinjauan Yuridis = Electricity Investment in Indonesia: Yuridical Review
"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaturan mengenai investasi ketenagalistrikan di Indonesia, kemudian membandingkannya dengan pengaturan di India dan Thailand. Selain itu akan dianalisis permasalahan hukum dalam penerapan peraturan investasi ketenagalistrikan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tinjauan lapangan ke berbagai pihak terkait, antara lain PT PLN (Persero), PT Adaro Energy Tbk, PT Indika Energy Tbk, dan PT Penjaminan Infrastruktur Indonesia (Persero).
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan kendala yang dialami yaitu kendala dalam pembebasan lahan, kendala dalam penjaminan, dan minimnya peraturan perundang-undangan yang mencukupi untuk hal-hal yang masih baru. Dengan demikian, pemerintah diharapkan lebih berpihak kepada masyarakat dan menjadi regulator yang tegas.
This research aimed to describe the regulation of electricity investment in Indonesia, then compare it with the settings in India and Thailand n addition to these legal issues will be analyzed in the application of investment regulations of electricity in Indonesia. The research was conducted by a review of the field to the various parties concerned, among others, PT PLN (Persero), PT Adaro Energy Tbk, PT Indika Energy Tbk, and PT (Persero) Indonesia's infrastructure.
Based on the results of the study, found that constraints are constraints in land acquisition, financing constraints in, and the lack of adequate legislation for things that are new. Thus, the Government expected more favor to the community and being an assertive regulators."
Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2013
S46542
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Rizal Setya Perdana
Bot spammer detection in twitter using tweet similarity and time interval entropy
"The popularity of Twitter has attracted spammers to disseminate large amount of spam messages. Preliminary studies had shown that most spam messages were produced automatically by bot. Therefore bot spammer detection can reduce the number of spam messages in Twitter significantly. However, to the best of our knowledge, few researches have focused in detecting Twitter bot spam-mer. Thus, this paper proposes a novel approach to differentiate between bot spammer and legitimate user accounts using time interval entropy and tweet similarity. Timestamp collections are utilized to calculate the time interval entropy of each user. Uni-gram matching-based similarity will be used to calculate tweet similarity. Datasets are crawled from Twitter containing both normal and spammer accounts. Experimental results showed that legitimate user may exhibit regular behavior in posting tweet as bot spammer. Several legitimate users are also detected to post similar tweets. Therefore it is less optimal to detect bot spammer using one of those features only. However, combination of both features gives better classification result. Precision, recall, and f-measure of the proposed method reached 85.71%, 94.74% and 90% respectively. It outperforms precision, recall, and f-measure of method which only uses either time interval entropy or tweet similarity.
Ketenaran Twitter mengundang spammer untuk menggunakannya dalam penyebarluasan pesan spam. Penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa kebanyakan pesan spam dihasilkan secara otomatis oleh bot. Deteksi bot spammer akan dapat mengurangi jumlah pesan spam pada Twitter secara signifikan. Akan tetapi, sejauh yang penulis ketahui, masih sedikit penelitian yang fokus dalam deteksi bot spammer pada Twitter. Sehingga, paper ini mengusulkan pendekatan baru untuk membedakan antara bot spammer dan pengguna sah menggunakan time interval entropy dan kemiripan antar tweet. Kum-pulan timestamp digunakan untuk menghitung time interval entropy dari tiap akun pengguna. Uni-gram matching-based similarity akan digunakan untuk menghitung kemiripan antar tweet. Dataset diambil dari Twitter yang terdiri atas kumpulan akun normal dan akun yang terindikasi sebagai bot spammer. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan beberapa pengguna sah Twitter juga memiliki kebiasaan yang teratur dalam menghasilkan tweet sebagaimana bot spammer. Beberapa pengguna sah juga ter-deteksi menghasilkan tweet yang mirip. Oleh karena itu, deteksi bot spammer menggunakan satu fitur saja akan kurang optimal. Akan tetapi, kombinasi atas kedua fitur tersebut memberikan hasil klasifi-kasi yang lebih baik. Presisi, recall, dan f-measure dari metode yang diusulkan mencapai 85.71%, 94.74% dan 90%. Nilai ini melampaui presisi, recall, dan f-measure dari metode yang hanya meng-gunakan baik time interval entropy maupun kemiripan antar tweet saja."
Surabaya: Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Faculty of Information Technology, Department of Informatics Engineering, 2015
AJ-Pdf
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Mario Wirya
Analisis kelayakan investasi transmisi interkoneksi PLN dengan PLTU Kilang Pertamina RU VI Balongan = Transmission investment analysis of interconnection of PLN and Steam Power Plant of Pertamina RU VI Balongan
"ABSTRAK
Keandalan suplai listrik pada proses kilang adalah sangat penting. Oleh sebab itu
sering diterapkan prinsip Maintain Reliability at any Cost. Hal ini juga berlaku
pada studi yang dilakukan di kilang Pertamina RU VI Balongan. Dimana
Balongan memiliki potensi kelebihan daya listrik yang dapat dimanfaatkan.
Pemanfaatan kelebihan daya ini dapat dilakukan dengan interkonesi ke jaringan
70kV PLN yang diharapkan dapat menambah keandalan suplai listrik di kilang
Pertamina RU VI Balongan. Dalam membangun interkonksi diperlukan modal
yang dalam penelitian ini dibayai oleh swasta dengan skema BOT, dan dibangun
skema model untuk menilai kelayakan ivestasi. Metode probabilitas dengan
simulasi Monte Carlo digunakan dalam permodelan dengan menggunakna
software Crystal Ball, sedangkan perhitungan parameter teknis menggunakan
Power System Simulation ETAP 16.0. Dari hasil penelitan ditemukan
interkoneksi dengan jaringan PLN dapat meningkatkan index keandalan (LOLP)
menjadi 0.15 hari pertahun. Dari hasil analisis keekonomian investasi
menguntungkan jika harga jual listrik (Rp/kWh) lebih besar 10% dari biaya pokok
produksi (Rp/kWh) dengan tingkat keyakinan 60%.
ABSTRACT
Reliable supply is a must in refinery operation. That is mainly the reason
Maintain Reliability at any cost were used. This method was using in Refinery
Pertamina RU VI Balongan. Refinery Pertamina RU VI S is potential excess
power to be used. This potential can be implemented by connection with 70kV
PLN which probably increase reliability of the system. To build the
interconnection, transmission line is needed which in this research was founded
by third party (independent) with BOT business scheme. This tesis propose is to
build the model for investment analysis from third party perspective. Probability
method with Monte Carlo Simulation was used with Crystal Ball Software, while
for technical parameter Power System Simulation ETAP 16.0 was used. From this
research is found reliability with LOLP index will increase to be 0,15 day/ year
While in economic analysis is found that the investment will get the profit if
selling rate is 10% higher than production cost per kWh with 60% certainty."
2017
T48898
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Raphael Bianco Huwae
Implementasi sistem reporting keamanan menggunakan intrusion detection system dengan bot telegram = Implementing security reporting system using intrusion detection system with telegram bot.
"Keamanan pada suatu sistem jaringan perusahaan sangatlah diperlukan. Tingkat availability yang tinggi di suatu server perusahaan menjadi aset berharga untuk mencapai profit perusahaan tersebut. Gangguan jaringan yang dialami perusahaan akan berdampak ke seluruh stakeholder perusahaan. Keamanan yang dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi firewall dinilai belum cukup untuk melindungi jaringan perusahaan. Penggunaan IDS pada suatu jaringan juga membutuhkan keahlian khusus dari administrator untuk terus menerus dapat memantau keamanan jaringan. Agar dapat melakukan pemantauan yang efektif dan hemat tenaga maka dilakukan penelitian untuk mendeteksi intrusi pada suatu keamanan jaringan dan melakukan reporting dengan menggunakan suatu bot Telegram. Penggunaan bot Telegram ini diharapkan akan memberikan suatu sistem reporting otomatis yang menyederhanakan proses monitoring pada suatu kegiatan berulang agar informasi terhadap serangan dari luar akan lebih cepat terdeteksi. Peringatan bahaya dikirim berupa notifikasi yang diintegrasikan pada aplikasi Telegram baik melalui smartphone maupun PC dengan berbentuk log alert yang dapat menampilkan waktu kejadian, IP yang diserang, IP attacker dan jenis serangan yang dilakukan. Dengan melakukan implementasi monitoring secara realtime terhadap jaringan melalui telegram maka baik pihak “IT” maupun “non IT” akan dapat mendapat informasi terhadap intrusi tersebut agar dapat melakukan reporting secara cepat.
Corporate network system security is very important. A high level of availability on a company's server becomes a valuable asset to achieve the company's profit. Server or network disruptions experienced by the company will affect all stakeholders of the company. Security measure carried out using a firewall application is not enough to protect corporate networks. The use of IDS on a network also requires special expertise from the administrator to continuously be able to monitor network security. In order to be able to carry out effective and energy-efficient monitoring, a study was conducted to detect intrusion in a network security and report it using a Telegram bot. The use of this Telegram bot is expected to provide an automatic reporting system that simplifies the process of monitoring a recurring activity so that information on attacks from outside will be responded more quickly. Danger alerts are sent in the form of messages that are integrated into Telegram applications both via smartphones and PCs in the form of log alerts that can display the time of occurrence, server IP being attacked, IP attacker and type of attack carried out. By implementing real-time monitoring of the network via telegram, both "IT" and "non-IT" parties will be able to obtain information on the intrusion so that they can make fast responses."
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2021
T-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Yoyok Setyo Purwanto
Analisa risiko investasi pembangunan kilang minyak mini dengan skema build operate transfer bot = Risk analysis of mini refinery construction investment by using build operate transfer bot scheme / Yoyok Setyo Purwanto
"ABSTRAK
Konsumsi BBM yang meningkat rata-rata 5.6% per tahun tidak diimbangi dengan
penambahan jumlah kilang minyak di Indonesia. 40% BBM yang dikonsumsi
adalah produk impor. Pembangunan kilang minyak mini cocok untuk kebanyakan
lapangan minyak di Indonesia, terpencil dan marginal. Hambatan investasi proyek
yang besar disiasati dengan skema build operate transfer (BOT). Penulisan ini
untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kinerja
investasi proyek BOT kilang minyak mini dan mengetahui respon risiko yang
tepat terhadap risiko-risiko dominan tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan dengan
mengumpulkan data melalui survei kuesioner dan validasi pakar. Selanjutnya
diolah secara statistik menggunakan software SPSS dan analisa risiko kualitatif
dengan diagram matrik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya faktor-faktor risiko
dominan yang mempengaruhi kinerja investasi proyek BOT pembangunan kilang
minyak mini.
ABSTRACT
Average fuel consumption increased 5.6% per year is not offset by addition of an
oil refinery in Indonesia. 40% of fuel consumed is imported. Mini refinery
(modular) construction suitable for most of oil field in Indonesia that remote and
marginalized. Barriers large investment of the project to be handled by the scheme
build operate transfer (BOT). This study aimed to determine the risk factors that
most affect to the investment performance of BOT project modular refinery and to
know the appropriate risk response against the dominant risks. The study was
conducted by collecting data through a questionnaire survey and expert validation.
Furthermore, statistically processed using SPSS and qualitative risk analysis using
matrix diagram. The results showed there are dominant risk factors that affect to
the investment performance of BOT project modular mini refinery construction"
Jakarta: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2014
T41952
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Pasha Fadhlillah Pasaman
Akuisisi dan pengakuan aset tak berwujud : studi kasus PT Pupuk Kaltim dan PT KPA = Acquisition and recognition of intangible assets : case study PT Pupuk Kaltim and PT KPA
"[ABSTRACT
The Japanese company Mitsui and Tomen made a foreign direct investment in PT Pupuk
Kaltim site in Bontang, East Kalimantan. The foreign direct investment form is build,
operate, and transfer (BOT). On 2013, PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired PT KPA plant (fixed
assets). This thesis aims to differentiate whether the acquisition is fixed asset acquisition or
business combination. There are different views, where by PT Pupuk Kaltim believes the
acquisition of PT KPA is a purchase of fixed asset (Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan
(PSAK) 16) and the auditor believes that the acquisition is a form of business combination
(Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (PSAK) 22). It proves that the acquisition is a form
of business combination because the raw materials, labor and market were ready when PT
Pupuk Kaltim acquired the plant. From the business combination acquisition, there are
intangible assets that arise. It proves that intangible assets that arise in the acquisition of PT
KPA by PT Pupuk Kaltim is essential where it gives opportunity towards PT Pupuk Kaltim to
generate future profit.;The Japanese company Mitsui and Tomen made a foreign direct investment in PT Pupuk Kaltim site in Bontang East Kalimantan The foreign direct investment form is build operate and transfer BOT On 2013 PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired PT KPA plant fixed assets This thesis aims to differentiate whether the acquisition is fixed asset acquisition or business combination There are different views where by PT Pupuk Kaltim believes the acquisition of PT KPA is a purchase of fixed asset Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan PSAK 16 and the auditor believes that the acquisition is a form of business combination Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan PSAK 22 It proves that the acquisition is a form of business combination because the raw materials labor and market were ready when PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired the plant From the business combination acquisition there are intangible assets that arise It proves that intangible assets that arise in the acquisition of PT KPA by PT Pupuk Kaltim is essential where it gives opportunity towards PT Pupuk Kaltim to generate future profit ;The Japanese company Mitsui and Tomen made a foreign direct investment in PT Pupuk Kaltim site in Bontang East Kalimantan The foreign direct investment form is build operate and transfer BOT On 2013 PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired PT KPA plant fixed assets This thesis aims to differentiate whether the acquisition is fixed asset acquisition or business combination There are different views where by PT Pupuk Kaltim believes the acquisition of PT KPA is a purchase of fixed asset Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan PSAK 16 and the auditor believes that the acquisition is a form of business combination Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan PSAK 22 It proves that the acquisition is a form of business combination because the raw materials labor and market were ready when PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired the plant From the business combination acquisition there are intangible assets that arise It proves that intangible assets that arise in the acquisition of PT KPA by PT Pupuk Kaltim is essential where it gives opportunity towards PT Pupuk Kaltim to generate future profit , The Japanese company Mitsui and Tomen made a foreign direct investment in PT Pupuk Kaltim site in Bontang East Kalimantan The foreign direct investment form is build operate and transfer BOT On 2013 PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired PT KPA plant fixed assets This thesis aims to differentiate whether the acquisition is fixed asset acquisition or business combination There are different views where by PT Pupuk Kaltim believes the acquisition of PT KPA is a purchase of fixed asset Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan PSAK 16 and the auditor believes that the acquisition is a form of business combination Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan PSAK 22 It proves that the acquisition is a form of business combination because the raw materials labor and market were ready when PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired the plant From the business combination acquisition there are intangible assets that arise It proves that intangible assets that arise in the acquisition of PT KPA by PT Pupuk Kaltim is essential where it gives opportunity towards PT Pupuk Kaltim to generate future profit ]"
Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia, 2015
S62262
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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