Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
Cacao bean Processing into its products may affect catechin and epicatechin contents in the final products. Temperature treatments during cacao processing can induce epimerization reaction of (-)-epicatechin to be (-)-catechin. The aims of this study were : (1) to obtain the valid analytical method which can be used to analyze catechin and epicatechin in cacao bean and cacao products by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and (2) to know the influence of temperature during Processing of cacao beans, especially concentration of catechin and epicatechin. Experiment was conducted in three steps, i.e.: optimization of analytical method, validation of selected method, and studying the influence of temperature to catechin and epicatechin concentration during cacao bean processing. Optimization of analytical method was carried out by varying solvents (acetonitrile and methanol) composition using gradient elution. Mobile phase flow rate was set at 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 ml/min. Catechin and epicatechin in cacao samples was detected by mass spectrometry. Condition of mass spectrometer was run by varying ESI voltage, nebulizer pressure, desolvation temperature, and desolvation gas. Validations test included some parameters such as specificity/ selectivity, linearity of calibration curve, limit of detection and limit of quantitation, precision and recovery test. Samples taken during the process were cacao nib, cacao mass, cacao powder and cacao butter. The results of this study showed that analytical conditions for catechin and epicatechin were using mobile phase A (0.1 % formic acid in deionized water) and mobile phase B (acetonitril-methanol - 50:50) at flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. Gradient elution were set at 0 minutes (10% B), 15 minutes (35% B), 20 minutes (40% B), 30 minutes (50% B), 35 minutes (60% B), and 35.1 minute (10% B). Mass spectrometer was set at ESI voltage (-) 3500 volt, desolvation temperature 300 °C, nebulizer pressure 50 psi, desolvation gas 10 L/min, and fragmentor voltage (-) 160 volt. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation of catechin were 0.28 and 0.93 ppm, respectively, while epicatechin were 7.15 and 23.84 ppm, respectively. Based on concentrations of catechin and epicatechin, heat treatment during cacao mass Processing showed a decrease tendency of catechin and epicatechin ratios.

Abstrak :
Cacao bean Processing into its products may affect catechin and epicatechin contents in the final products. Temperature treatments during cacao processing can induce epimerization reaction of (-)-epicatechin to be (-)-catechin. The aims of this study were : (1) to obtain the valid analytical method which can be used to analyze catechin and epicatechin in cacao bean and cacao products by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and (2) to know the influence of temperature during Processing of cacao beans, especially concentration of catechin and epicatechin. Experiment was conducted in three steps, i.e.: optimization of analytical method, validation of selected method, and studying the influence of temperature to catechin and epicatechin concentration during cacao bean processing. Optimization of analytical method was carried out by varying solvents (acetonitrile and methanol) composition using gradient elution. Mobile phase flow rate was set at 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 ml/min. Catechin and epicatechin in cacao samples was detected by mass spectrometry. Condition of mass spectrometer was run by varying ESI voltage, nebulizer pressure, desolvation temperature, and desolvation gas. Validations test included some parameters such as specificity/ selectivity, linearity of calibration curve, limit of detection and limit of quantitation, precision and recovery test. Samples taken during the process were cacao nib, cacao mass, cacao powder and cacao butter. The results of this study showed that analytical conditions for catechin and epicatechin were using mobile phase A (0.1 % formic acid in deionized water) and mobile phase B (acetonitril-methanol - 50:50) at flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. Gradient elution were set at 0 minutes (10% B), 15 minutes (35% B), 20 minutes (40% B), 30 minutes (50% B), 35 minutes (60% B), and 35.1 minute (10% B). Mass spectrometer was set at ESI voltage (-) 3500 volt, desolvation temperature 300 °C, nebulizer pressure 50 psi, desolvation gas 10 L/min, and fragmentor voltage (-) 160 volt. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation of catechin were 0.28 and 0.93 ppm, respectively, while epicatechin were 7.15 and 23.84 ppm, respectively. Based on concentrations of catechin and epicatechin, heat treatment during cacao mass Processing showed a decrease tendency of catechin and epicatechin ratios.

Abstrak :
Infeksi dengue merupakan masalah kesehatan di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Di Indonesia, kasus terjadinya infeksi terus bertambah dari tahun 1968 sampai 2015. Meskipun demikian, sampai sekarang masih belum ada pengobatan yang efektif terhadap DENV. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi katekin sebagai antivirus, yang dapat digunakan dikemudian hari untuk menjadi dasar obat antivirus. Penelitian terbaru menunjukkan bahwa katekin adalah kandidat antivirus DENV yang bagus, terutama terhadap dengue serotipe DENV-1, DENV-2, dan DENV4 dengan menempel pada NS4B. NS4B itu sendiri penting untuk proses replikasi virus. Akan tetapi, riset ini dilakukan pada tahap molecular docking. Riset ini merupakan riset eksperimental untuk mengetahui potensi katekin sebagai antivirus terhadap DENV serotipe 2 NGC pada sel Huh7it-1. Untuk mengetahui potensi katekin, indeks selektivitas harus diketahui dengan cara mengetahui nilai CC50 dan IC50 dari katekin. CC50 adalah konsentrasi katekin yang dapat merusak setengah dari total sel, yang bisa didapat melalui metode MTT Assay. Sedangkan IC50 adalah konsentrasi dari katekin yang dapat menginhibisi setengah dari total virus, yang bisa didapat melalui metode Focus Assay. Hasil riset ini menemukan CC50 dari katekin adalah 2.755,091 μg/mL, sedangkan IC50nya adalah 21,457 μg/mL. Indeks Selektivitas adalah rasio dari CC50 dan IC50, sehingga Indeks Selektivitas nya adalah 128,400 dengan demikian, katekin berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai antivirus dimasa mendatang. ......Dengue infection is a health issue worldwide. In Indonesia, the rate of infection increased since 1968 to 2015. However, there is still no effective cure against DENV infection until today. Research aims to evaluate catechin’s potency as an antivirus, that can be used in the future as a basis for antiviral drug. Recent research proved that catechin can be a good candidate for antivirus against DENV, especially DENV-1, DENV-2 and DENV-4 serotype by binding to NS4B. NS4B itself is important for viral replication. However, this research was still in the molecular docking stage. This research is an experimental research to seek the potency of catechin as antiviral using DENV Serotype 2 Strain NGC in Huh7it-1 cell. To determine the potency, selectivity index value is needed by achieving the value of CC50 and IC50 of catechin. CC50 is the concentration of catechin that is harmful for the 50% of the viable cells, which its value can be obtained from MTT Assay method. Meanwhile, IC50 is defined as the concentration of catechin that can inhibit 50% of the total virus, which its value can be obtained from of Focus Assay method. This research result found that the CC50 of catechin is 2,755.091 μg/mL and IC50 is 21.457 μg/mL. SI is the ratio between CC50 and IC50, therefore the SI was 128.400. Thus, catechin has the potency to be developed as an antivirus in the future.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Teh hijau mengandung katekin yang dapat mencegah pembentukan plak gigi. Katekin dalam teh merupakan komponen utama yang dapat menghambat aktivitas enzim glukosiltransferase sehingga menghambat terbentuknya glukan dari sukrosa yang memberikan daya lekat bagi bakteri saat pembentukan plak gigi dan juga membunuh bakteri penyebab plak gigi. Tujuan: mengetahui pengaruh minuman teh hijau seduh konsentrasi 50% dan 25% dalam menghambat pembentukan plak gigi. Metode: Dilakukan usaha pembersihan plak gigi awal dengan penyikatan gigi dan flossing, kemudian diberikan tiga macam perlakuan, yakni berkumur dengan air putih, larutan teh hijau seduh 50%, dan 25% pada 39 orang mahasiswa FKG UI angkatan 2005-2008 pada bulan September sampai dengan Oktober 2008. Antara ketiga perlakuan terdapat jeda waktu satu minggu. Kemudian subyek diperkenankan untuk makan dengan menu dan porsi yang sama, lalu setelah lima jam dilakukan pemeriksaan indeks plak menggunakan indeks plak Loe dan Sillness yang dimodifikasi pada enam permukaan gigi 16, 21, 24 (25), 36, 41, 44 (45). Data hasil penelitian dievaluasi dengan menggunakan pengukuran statistik Friedman yang dilanjutkan dengan uji post hoc Wilcoxon (p<0,05). Hasil: Uji Friedman memperlihatkan adanya paling sedikit dua perlakuan yang berbeda bermakna antara perlakuan air putih, teh 50%, dan teh 25% pada permukaan distopalatal/distolingual, palatal/lingual, dan mesiopalatal/mesiolingual. Uji Wilcoxon memperlihatkan adanya perbedaan bermakna antara perlakuan dengan air putih dan teh 50% pada hampir semua permukaan kecuali permukaan siobukal/mesiolingual, serta antara air putih dan teh 25% pada permukaan palatal/lingual dan mesiopalatal/mesiolingual. Kesimpulan: Teh hijau seduh merk Kepala Djenggot (KD) dengan konsentrasi 50% dan 25% lebih efektif dalam mengurangi pembentukan plak gigi secara klinis bila dibandingkan dengan air putih, dengan keefektifan tertinggi terdapat pada larutan teh hijau seduh konsentrasi 50% pada keenam permukaan gigi, sehingga berkumur dengan larutan teh hijau seduh dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu cara untuk mengontrol plak gigi.

---

Background: Green tea contains catechin which can prevent dental plaque formation. Catechin in tea is a primary component which can inhibit enzyme glucosyltransferase?s activity so it can inhibit glucan formation from sucrose which gives adhesive ability to bacteria in dental plaque formation and also kills bacteria causing dental plaque. Objectives: To study the influence of 50% and 25% steeped green tea solution concentration in inhibiting dental plaque formation. Method: Initial dental plaque cleansing is performed by brushing teeth and flossing, and then three treatments, which is rinsing with water, 50% and 25% steeped green tea solution concentration are given to 39 people of University of Indonesia Faculty of Dentistry year 2005-2008 on September to October 2008. Between the three treatments, there is a week period apart. Then the subject can eat with the same menu and portion, and then after five hours plaque index is examined using modified Loe and Sillness plaque index on six dental surface of 16, 21, 24 (25), 36, 41, 44 (45). Study result?s data are evaluated by statistic evaluation Friedman, continued with post hoc test Wilcoxon (p<0,005). Result: Friedman test shows there are at least two treatments that are significantly different between water, 50% and 25% steeped green tea solution concentration treatment on distopalatal/distolingual, palatal/lingual, and mesiopalatal/mesiolingual surface. Wilcoxon test shows there is significant difference between water and 50% steeped green tea solution concentration treatment on almost all surface, except mesiobuccal/mesiolabial surface, also between water and 25% steeped green tea solution concentration treatment on palatal/lingual and mesiopalatal/mesiolingual surface. Conclusion: Green tea Kepala Djenggot (KD) brand with 50% and 25% concentration are clinically more effective in inhibiting dental plaque formation compare to water, with the highest effectiveness is in 50% steeped green tea solution concentration on six dental surfaces, therefore rinsing with steeped green tea solution is able to be used as one of the dental plaque control alternatives.

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Gambier (Uncaria gambier) is known to have antioxidant properties, and some studies have attributed it to the presence of polyphenols such as catechin. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential of various gambiers available in Indonesian market as a scavenger of reactive free radicals and evaluate its anti-hyperglycemic activity as α-glucosidase inhibitor. Isolation of catechin was done by extraction method with technical grade of ethyl acetate as solvent. Analysis of catechin in the dried gambier extract was carried out with TLC method. The molecular weight and content of catechin of dried gambier extract was determined by analyzing its mass spectra and spectrophotometer, respectively. The free radical scavenging activity of catechin of the resultant extracts was measured by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as stable free radical compound. The anti-hyperglycemic activity of catechin of ethyl acetate extracts was analyzed as α-glucosidase inhibitor. The result showed that various gambiers available in the market are very active as antioxidant, indicated by IC50 of catechin of ethyl acetate extracts which were 4.6 to 18.2μ g/mL for DPPH inhibition. The IC50 for α-glucosidase inhibition is ranged from 40.45 to 52.43μ g/mL, so they can be classified as anti-diabetic.

Abstrak :
Ruang lingkup dan cara penelitian : Kulit merupakan pelindung terhadap dunia luar. Bila luka tidak cepat menutup, ada kemungkinan infeksi. Tujuan utama pengobatan luka adalah penutupan luka dengan cepat dan pembentukan jaringan parut yang fungsional dan estetik. Proses penyembuhan memerlukan sel darah, mediator , matriks ekstrasel, sel parenkim yang terluka dan dapat dibagi menjadi 3 fase yaitu f.inflamasi, f.proliferasi dan f.remodeling. Pada setiap perlukaan terjadi regenerasi lapisan epidermis (epidermisasi). Epidermisasi dimulai dengan proliferasi sel epitel ke arah lateral (proliferasi horisontal) dan diikuti proliferasi ke arah vertikal guna memperkuat daya lindung kulit dengan terbentuknya lapisan dengan pertautan sel-sel epitel. Petani di Jawa Barat bagian selatan mengobati luka dengan air teh hijau dan sembuh tanpa obat lain. Teh hijau mengandung katekin (20-22% dari berat daun teh hijau). Kadar epigalokatekin galat (salah satu komponen katekin) mencapai 39% dari seluruh katekin yang ada. Epigalokatekin galat merangsang pembentukan IL-1β dan TNF pada kadar 100 µg/ml dalam 1 jam secara maksimal oleh sel MN darah tepi manusia. IL-1 dan TNF merangsang neutrofil dan makrofag untuk mengeluarkan mediator lain yang berperan pada penyembuhan baik pada f. inflamasi maupun f. proliferasi. Dalam rangka upaya untuk melihat bagaimana air teh hijau dapat mempengaruhi proses penyembuhan luka maka telah dilakukan suatu penelitian tentang pengaruh berbagai kepekatan katekin dalam air teh hijau terhadap ketebalan epidermis di tepi luka dan perbandingan antara lebar epidermis dengan lebar luka pada hari ke-8 setelah perlukaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 25 ekor mencit galur C3H berumur 3-5 bulan, BB 16,4-24,8 g; dibagi dalam 5 kelompok secara acak. Digunakan 3 macam kepekatan katekin dalam seduhan ATH yaitu yang mengandung katekin ±0,2mg/0,5 ml (kepekatan rendah), ± 2 mg/0,5 ml (kepekatan sedang = air minuman teh) dan ± 20 mg /0,5 ml (kepekatan tinggi) serta 1 kelompok yang hanya dilukai saja (K.Kb) dan 1 kelompok yang ditetesi aquadest (K.Kp). Biopsi jaringan granulasi dilakukan pada hari ke-8 setelah perlukaan dan dibuat preparat dengan pewarnaan HE. Hasil dan kesimpulan : Hasil pemberian berbagai kepekatan katekin dalam ATH pada luka kulit mencit dapat dirangkum sebagai berikut : (a) Angka rata rata ketebalan epidermis di tepi luka adalah sebagai berikut : K.Kb 30,0; K.Kp : 22,5; K.ATH 0,2 : 29,3; K.ATH 2 : 28,1; K.ATH 20 : 21,0. (Dalam mikrometer, pembesaran 100 x ). (b) Angka rata rata perbandingan lebar epidermis dengan lebar luka adalah sebagai berikut : K. Kb : 0,54; K.Kp : 0,78; K.ATH 0,2 : 0,45; K.ATH 2 : 0,43; K.ATH 20 : 0,53. Kesimpulan : (1) Analisis data ketebalan epidermis di tepi luka menunjukkan bahwa berbagai kepekatan katekin dalam ATH memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda bermakna pada ketebalan epidermis di tepi luka kulit mencit (Hhit = Ha > Htab yaitu 12,24 > 9,49; batas kemaknaan 5% tabel Kruskal Wallis pada df = 4 yaitu Hub = 9,49 ), yaitu angka rata rata ketebalan epidermis di tepi luka pada kelompok yang diberi katekin kepekatan rendah dan sedang lebih tebal dibanding kelompok yang diberi katekin kepekatan tinggi dan aquadest, tetapi hampir sama dengan yang tidak diberi apa-apa. (2) Analisis data perbandingan lebar epidermis dengan lebar luka menunjukkan bahwa berbagai kepekatan katekin dalam ATH tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda bermakna (Hhit = Ha < Htab yaitu 7,49 < 9,49 ), karena angka rata-rata perbandingan lebar epidermis dengan lebar luka pada kelompok yang diberi katekin kepekatan rendah, sedang maupun tinggi lebih kecil daripada yang diberi aquadest dan yang tidak diberi apa apa. ......Scope and methods of study : The primary function of the skin is to serve as a protective barrier against the environment. Loss of the integrity of the skin as a result of injury or illness may lead to infection. The goals of treatment of wound are rapid closure of the wound and making a functional esthetical scar. Wound healing is a dynamic, interactive process involving soluble mediators, blood cells, extra cellular matrix, parenchyma cells and beginning with an acute inflammation, then tissue formation and remodeling. In every wound were epithelisation must cover the wound, epithelisation beginning with proliferation of epithelial cell in horizontal way and than in vertical way to strengthen the epidermal layer. At the Southern part of West Java, farmers while at the paddy field treated their wound with green tea beverage and were cured without other treatment. Green tea contains mostly polyphenols, especially the catechin group, about 20-22% of the dry weight, with epigalocatehin gallate as the main component (39% ). Catechin is colorless, easily soluble in water, astringent and readily oxidizable. 100µg/ml EGCG stimulated mononuclear cells of human perifer blood to produced IL-1β is and TNF maximally in one hour and IL-1β- TNF stimulated neutrophil and macrophage to produced another mediators that involved in wound healing. To investigate the effects of green tea beverage on epithelisation of skin wound healing, we gave three concentration of 0,5 cc green tea beverage (GTB 0,2, GTB 2 and GTB 20) in three consecutive days to 25 C3H skin wounded mice (3-5 months, weight 16,4 - 24,8 g ) that are divided at random into five groups. One group ( K.Kb ) was treated as control and the other group ( K,Kp ) was treated with aquadest. We biopsied the granulation tissue of the wound healing at the eighth days and make HE tissue slide. The slide was examined microscopically for the epithelial thickness at the edge of wound and count the ratio between the epithelial width and the whole width of the wound, These data were statistically analyzed. Result and conclusion : Effect of several concentration of catechin in green tea beverage on the epithelisation of skin wound healing were: (a) Mean from the thickness of epithelial tissue at the edge of the wound were (in micrometer) : Free control group: 30,0; Solution control group 22,5; Green tea 0,2 group : 29,3; Green tea 2 group : 28,1; Green tea 20 group : 21,0. (b) Mean from the ratio between the epithelial width and the whole width of the wound were : Free control group : 0,54; Solution control group : 0,78; Green tea 0,2 group ; 0,45; Green tea 2 group : 0,43; Green tea 20 group : 0,53. Conclusion: Several concentrations of catechin in green tea beverage give significant different effect on the thickness of epithelial tissue at the edge of the wound (Hhit = Ha >Htab or 12,24 > 9,49 ), especially with the low and middle concentartion of GTB but not for the ratio between the epithelial width and the whole width of the wound (Hhit = Ha < Htab or 7,49 < 9,49 ).

Abstrak :
[Konsumsi obat-obatan anti agregasi platelet (antiplatelet) seperti clopidogrel yang digunakan untuk menurunkan agregasi platelet dapat mencegah terjadinya trombosis. Namun, konsumsi obat-obatan antiplatelet sintetik seringkali memberikan efek samping bagi tubuh. Daun Tanjung (Mimusops elengi L.) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber antiplatelet alami dan murah karena mengandung senyawa katekin. Ekstraksi senyawa katekin dari daun Tanjung menggunakan metode refluks dengan pelarut air pada lima variasi waktu (15 menit, 30 menit, 45 menit, 60 menit, 75 menit) menunjukkan bahwa waktu ekstraksi 75 menit menghasilkan kandungan katekin tertinggi, yakni sebesar 452,39 ppm. Hasil analisis ekstrak menggunakan FTIR didapatkan gugus-gugus senyawa yang umumnya terkandung dalam senyawa katekin yaitu fenol, aromatik, serta eter. Efek agregasi antiplatelet dari ekstrak daun Tanjung kemudian diukur menggunakan waktu pendarahan pada mencit galur Deutsche Democratic Yokohama. Ekstrak diberikan secara oral selama 8 hari, dengan pengukuran waktu pendarahan dilakukan pada hari pertama dan hari kesembilan. Kelompok pengujian bioaktivitas antiplatelet adalah kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif (clopidogrel 0,033 mg/30 gram berat mencit), serta tiga kelompok dosis; TE1 (0,0198 mg/30 gram berat mencit), TE2 (0,0396 mg/30 gram berat mencit), dan TE3 (0,0793 mg/30 gram berat mencit). Pengujian dilakukan dengan cara melukai ekor mencit untuk melihat waktu pendarahan yang dialami mencit sebelum dan sesudah pemberian ekstrak. Setelah mendapatkan peningkatan waktu pendarahan, data dianalisis menggunakan analisis uji varian (Anova) yang dilanjutkan dengan pengujian LSD menggunakan aplikasi SPPS V.16. Hasil dari peningkatan waktu pendarahan menunjukkan bahwa kelompok dosis TE3 dengan dosis 0,0793 mg/30 gram berat mencit memberikan waktu pendarahan sebesar 132.77 + 32.52% yang sebanding dengan kelompok kontrol positif sebesar 110.45 + 13.66%.

---

Consumption of anti platelet aggregation (antiplatelet) drugs such as clopidogrel which is used to lower platelet aggregation can be used to prevent thrombosis. However, the consumption of synthetic antiplatelet drugs frequently give side effects to the body. Tanjung (Mimusops elengi L.) leaves can be used as a natural and inexpensive source of antiplatelet compounds that contain catechins. Extraction of catechin compounds from Tanjung?s leaves using reflux system and water as its solvent with five variations of the time (15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 60 minutes, 75 minutes) showed that the extraction time of 75 minutes produces the highest catechin content, which amounted to 452.39 ppm. FTIR analysis results obtained extracts using groups of compounds that are generally contained in catechin compounds of phenols, aromatic, and ether. Antiplatelet aggregation effect of Tanjung leaves extract then measured using bleeding time on DDY strain mice. Extracts is administered orally for 8 days, with bleeding time measurements made on the first day and the ninth day. The antiplatelet activity groups test was negative control group, positive control group (0.033 mg clopidogrel/30 gram weight of mice), and three dose groups; TE1 (0.0198 mg/30 g mouse weight), TE2 (0.0396 mg/30 gram weight of mice), and TE3 (0.0793 mg/30 g mouse weight). Tests conducted by wounding mice to see that the bleeding time of mice before and after administration of the extract. After getting an increase in bleeding time, data were analyzed with SPP V.16 application for analysis of variance test (ANOVA) followed by LSD test. The result of the increase in bleeding time suggests that TE3 dose group with a dose of 0.0793 mg/30 gram weight of the mice gave bleeding time of 132.77 + 32.52% which is comparable to the positive control group amounted to 110.45 + 13.66%., Consumption of anti platelet aggregation (antiplatelet) drugs such as clopidogrel which is used to lower platelet aggregation can be used to prevent thrombosis. However, the consumption of synthetic antiplatelet drugs frequently give side effects to the body. Tanjung (Mimusops elengi L.) leaves can be used as a natural and inexpensive source of antiplatelet compounds that contain catechins. Extraction of catechin compounds from Tanjung’s leaves using reflux system and water as its solvent with five variations of the time (15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 60 minutes, 75 minutes) showed that the extraction time of 75 minutes produces the highest catechin content, which amounted to 452.39 ppm. FTIR analysis results obtained extracts using groups of compounds that are generally contained in catechin compounds of phenols, aromatic, and ether. Antiplatelet aggregation effect of Tanjung leaves extract then measured using bleeding time on DDY strain mice. Extracts is administered orally for 8 days, with bleeding time measurements made on the first day and the ninth day. The antiplatelet activity groups test was negative control group, positive control group (0.033 mg clopidogrel/30 gram weight of mice), and three dose groups; TE1 (0.0198 mg/30 g mouse weight), TE2 (0.0396 mg/30 gram weight of mice), and TE3 (0.0793 mg/30 g mouse weight). Tests conducted by wounding mice to see that the bleeding time of mice before and after administration of the extract. After getting an increase in bleeding time, data were analyzed with SPP V.16 application for analysis of variance test (ANOVA) followed by LSD test. The result of the increase in bleeding time suggests that TE3 dose group with a dose of 0.0793 mg/30 gram weight of the mice gave bleeding time of 132.77 + 32.52% which is comparable to the positive control group amounted to 110.45 + 13.66%.]

Abstrak :

Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah global yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus dengue (DENV) dengan vektor nyamuk Aedes spp. Dengan nilai selectivity index (SI) sebesar 128,400, senyawa murni katekin memiliki potensi dalam menghambat replikasi DENV dan dalam pencarian penobat antivirus yang spesifik dan efektif untuk mengobati infeksi DENV. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental untuk mengetahui perbandingan aktivitas senyawa murni katekin ketika menempel pada reseptor sel Vero dan menempel pada DENV. Senyawa katekin digunakan dengan konsentrasi sebesar dua kali IC₅₀, yaitu 42,914 μg/ml. Efektivitas inhibisi dan viabilitas sel dievaluasi dengan metode focus assay dan MTT assay. Pada penghambatan reseptor sel Vero, didapatkan persentase efektivitas inhibisi sebesar 46,31±11,39% dengan viabilitas sel sebesar 103,5±2,51%. Pada penempelan DENV, persentase efektivitas inhibisi sebesar 54,67±18,01% dengan viabilitas sel sebesar 84,73±13,05%. Pemberian senyawa murni katekin pada reseptor sel Vero tidak berbeda bermakna secara statistik dengan penempelan DENV dalam menginhibisi virus.  Akan tetapi, penempelan DENV memilki toksisitas yang berbeda bermakna dengan penghambatan reseptor sel Vero. Dengan efektivitas dan toksisitas yang baik, senyawa murni katekin berpotensi sebagai antivirus DENV di masa depan. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk menjaga bioavailabilitas katekin dan juga mentukan target spesifik dari senyawa katekin agar efektif dan tetap aman saat dikonsumsi dalam tubuh.

 

---

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a global problem caused by dengue virus infection with Aedes spp. as its vector. With selectivity index (SI) value of 128,400, pure compounds of catechins have the potential to inhibit DENV replication in the search for specific antiviral treatments that are effective for treating DENV infection.  This research was carried out experimentally to determine the comparison of the activity of pure catechin compounds when attached to Vero cell receptors and attached to DENV. The catechin compound has a concentration of twice the IC₅₀, which is 42,914 μg/ml with Vero cell as the experiment medium. Inhibition efectivity and cell viability are evaluated by focus assay and MTT assay methods. In inhibition of Vero cell receptors, the percentage of inhibition effectiveness was 46,31±11,39% with cell viability of 103.5±11,39%. In the DENV envelope attachment, the percentage of inhibition effectiveness was 54,67±18,01% with cell viability of 84,73±13,05%. Statistically, administration of pure catechin compounds to Vero cell receptors did not differ significantly from the attachment of DENV in inhibiting the virus. However, the attachment of DENV has a significantly different toxicity from the inhibition of Vero cell receptors. With good effectiveness and toxicity, pure catechin compounds have the potential to be a prophylactic antiviral DENV in the future. Further research is needed to maintain the bioavailability of catechins and also determine specific targets of catechin compounds to be effective and safe when consumed in the body.

Abstrak :
Telah disintesis dan dikembangkan derivat-derivat dari senyawa katekin yaitu tetra-benzilkatekin dan heptanoil-tetrabenzilkatekin melalui reaksi benzilasi dan esterifikasi. Benzilasi terhadap gugus fenolik dari katekin dilakukan menggunakan benzil klorida dan didapatkan senyawa tetra-benzilkatekin dengan yield sebesar 25,97%. Esterifikasi dilakukan menggunakan asam heptanoat untuk mendapatkan senyawa heptanoil-tetrabenzilkatekin dan diperoleh produk dengan yield sebesar 57,60%. Hasil reaksi dibuktikan dengan Kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT), Spektrofotometer FT-IR, dan spektrometer NMR (1H NMR dan 13C NMR ). Uji toksisitas senyawa tetra-benzilkatekin dan heptanoil-tetrabenzilkatekin menggunakan metode brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) diperoleh nilai LC50 masing-masing sebesar 134,90 dan 60,26 μg/mL sehingga senyawa-senyawa derivat dari katekin memiliki potensi yang baik sebagai kandidat obat.

---

Tetra-benzylcatechin and heptanoyl-tetrabenzylcatechin were synthesized and developed from catechin compound. The reaction are benzylation and esterification. Benzylation of phenolic functional groups from catechin building blocks used benzyl chloride gave tetra-benzylcatechin with yields 25,97%. Esterification with heptanoic acid gave heptanoyl-tetrabenzylcatechin with yields 57,60%. Product reaction analyzed with thin layer chromatography (TLC), spectrophotometer FT-IR and spectrometer NMR (1H NMR dan 13C NMR ). Toxicity assay of products used brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) gave LC50 134,90 and 60,26 μg/mL. From this assay we could conclusion that derivate from catechin compound was potential as a candidate drug.