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Abstrak :
Telah dilakukan penelitian terhadap empat individu lutung jawa (Trachypithecus auratus) jantan dan betina di Pusat Primata Schmutzer, Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengamati interaksi individu jantan dan betina lutung jawa serta menganalisis kondisi pengelolaannya berdasarkan indikator kesejahteraan satwa di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. Interaksi yang diamati adalah interaksi dari lima pasangan, yaitu P1 (jantan 1 dan betina 1), P2 (jantan 2 dan betina 2), P3 (jantan 1 dan betina 2), P4 (jantan 2 dan betina 1), serta P5 (jantan 1 dan jantan 2).  Pengamatan interaksi dilakukan dengan metode scan sampling dan ad libitum dalam interval waktu 5 menit tanpa jeda. Kondisi kesejahteraan dilihat berdasarkan pengamatan langsung dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan frekuensi interaksi perilaku afiliatif dan seksual paling besar terjadi pada pasangan jantan 1 dan betina 1, sedangkan interaksi perilaku agonistik paling sering terjadi antara jantan 1 dan jantan 2. Kesejahteraan lutung jawa di Pusat Primata Schmutzer, Taman Margsatwa Ragunan termasuk sangat baik, namun ada beberapa hal yang perlu diperhatikan seperti luas kandang peragaan dan konsistensi jenis serta berat pakan sesuai untuk menghindari konflik antara individu. Jumlah pengunjung tidak memiliki korelasi signifikan dengan sebagian besar perilaku lutung jawa. Berdasarkan hasil Uji Korelasi Jenjang Spearman, jumlah pengunjung hanya berkorelasi signifikan terhahap perilaku sitting close dan allogrooming (sig.< 0,05). ...... Research has been carried out on four Javan langurs (Trachypithecus auratus) at the Pusat Primata Schmutzer, Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. This study was conducted to observe the interaction of individual male and female javan langurs and analyze the management conditions based on animal welfare indicators in the Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. The interactions observed were the interactions of five pairs, namely P1 (male 1 and female 1), P2 (male 2 and female 2), P3 (male 1 and female 2), P4 (male 2 and female 1), and P5 (male 1 and male 2). Interaction observations were carried out using scan sampling and ad libitum methods at 5 minute intervals without pause. Welfare conditions are seen based on direct observations and interviews. Based on the observation, highest frequency of the interaction of affiliative and sexual behavior occurred in the male 1 and female 1 pair, while the agonistic behavior interaction occurred most frequently between male 1 and male 2. The welfare of the Javan langur at the Pusat Primata Schmutzer, Taman Margasatwa Ragunan is very good, but there are several things that need to be considered such as the area of ​​the display cage and the consistency of the type and weight of the feed to avoid conflict between individuals. The number of visitors doesn’t have significant correlation with most behaviors of javan langurs. According to the result of Spearman Rank Correlation test, number of visitors was significantly correlated only with sitting close and allogrooming behavior (sig. < 0,05).

Abstrak :
Beruang madu (Helarctos malayanus) merupakan salah satu spesies dari Famili Ursidae dan dapat ditemukan di Pulau Sumatra dan Kalimantan. Ancaman yang dihadapi beruang madu di habitat alaminya menyebabkan diperlukannya lembaga konservasi ex-situ untuk melestarikan dan memastikan kesejahteraan beruang madu. Kebun Binatang Gembira Loka merupakan salah satu lembaga konservasi ex-situ yang berada di Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Beruang madu merupakan hewan soliter di alam, sedangkan beruang madu di penangkaran dapat ditempatkan di kandang yang sama. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menambah informasi mengenai interaksi antara sepasang beruang madu jantan dan betina dengan perbedaan usia yang mencolok yang ditempatkan di kandang peraga yang sama. Penelitian ini juga ingin mengamati perilaku reproduksi beruang madu jantan ketika ditempatkan di kandang peraga yang sama dengan beruang madu betina yang sudah melewati masa produktifnya. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seekor beruang madu jantan bernama Potter (8 tahun) dan seekor beruang madu betina bernama Tutik (24 tahun). Pengamatan dilakukan di Kebun Binatang Gembira Loka selama 100 jam atau 360.000 detik dengan metode focal animal sampling. Hasil yang didapat yaitu beruang madu jantan melakukan perilaku afiliatif dengan persentase sebanyak 94,82%, agonistik sebanyak 0,00%, dan reproduktif sebanyak 5,18%. Beruang madu betina melakukan perilaku afiliatif dengan persentase sebanyak 14,55%, agonistik sebanyak 76,37%, dan reproduktif sebanyak 9,09%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah beruang madu jantan lebih banyak melakukan perilaku afiliatif (94,82%) dibandingkan agonistik (0,00%) terhadap beruang madu betina. Beruang madu betina cenderung menghindari interaksi sosial dan lebih banyak melakukan perilaku agonistik (76,37%) terhadap beruang madu jantan. Selama waktu pengamatan, perilaku reproduktif lebih banyak dilakukan beruang madu jantan (19 detik) dibandingkan beruang madu betina (5 detik). Beruang madu jantan tetap melakukan perilaku sosial normal, baik reproduktif maupun nonreproduktif, walaupun tidak dibalas dan ditolak beruang madu betina yang sudah melewati usia produktif. ......The malayan sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) is one of the species in Ursidae Family and can be found in the Island of Sumatra and Borneo. The threats that sun bears receive in its natural habitat lead to the need for ex-situ conservation to preserve and ensure the welfare of sun bears. Gembira Loka Zoo is one example of ex-situ conservation that is located at Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Sun bears are known to be solitary animals in the wild, however sun bears in captivity can be placed in the same enclosure. This study was done to add information about the interaction of male and female sun bear with prominent age gap when placed in the same enclosure. This study was also conducted to observe the male reproductive behavior when placed in the same enclosure with a female sun bear that has surpassed the productive age. The subject of this study was a male sun bear named Potter (8 years old) and a female sun bear named Tutik (24 years old). Observation was done for 100 hours or 360.000 seconds with focal animal sampling method. The result of this study is the male sun bear did affiliative behavior with the percentage of 94,82%, agonistic for 0,00%, and reproductive with 5,18%. The female sun bear did affiliative behavior with the percentage of 14,55%, agonistic with 76,37%, and reproductive with 9,09%. The conclusion of this study is the male sun bear did more affiliative behavior (94,82%) than agonistic behavior (0,00%). The female sun bear tends to avoid social interactions and did a lot of agonistic behavior (76,37%) towards the male sun bear. During observation, reproductive behavior was done more by the male sun bear (19 seconds) then the female sun bear (5 seconds). The male sun bear keeps on doing normal social behavior, whether it’s reproductive or non-reproductive, even though the behavior did not reciprocated and was rejected by the female sun bear that has surpassed the productive age.