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"[ABSTRAKPenyakit jantung kongenital merupakan anomali kongenital yang paling sering terjadi dengan insiden 8-10 kasus dari 1000 kelahiran. Anak dengan penyakit jantung kongenital membutuhkan pengobatan dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Beberapa obat yang dikonsumsi oleh anak dengan penyakit jantung kongenital dapat menyebabkan terjadinya karies. Disebutkan bahwa anak dengan penyakit jantulng kongenital memiliki insiden karies yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan anak normal. Tingkat keparahan resiko terjadinya karies dapat diperiksa melalui penghitungan nilai pH plak. Probiotik sering digunakan untuk pencegahan karies pada anak. Manfaat penggunaan probiotik dapat mengurangi resiko terjadinya karies. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mengambil sampel plak pada subjek sebelum berkumur minuman probiotik, kemudian subjek berkumur dengan minuman probiotik, dan 30 menit setelah berkumur minuman probiotik Hasil yang didapatkan dari 15 orang anak, probiotik dapat meningkatkan nilai pH plak (p=0,001) sebelum berkumur dan sesaat setelah berkumur, dan dapat bertahan 30 menit setelah berkumur minuman probiotik (p=0,430).

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ABSTRACTCongenital Heart Disease is the most common congenital anomaly occurred with an incidence of 8-10 cases out of 1000 births. Children with congenital heart disease are need treatment in the long term. Some drugs consumed by children with congenital heart disease may cause caries. As mentioned that children with congenital heart disease has a higher incidence of caries compared to normal children. The risk level of caries can be checked by calculating the plaque pH values. Probiotics are often used for prevention of caries in children. Benefits of using probiotics can reduce the risk of caries. This research is use samples of plaque on the subject before rinsing probiotic drink, then the subject gargling with probiotic drinks, and 30 minutes after rinsing probiotic drinks Results obtained from 15 children, probiotics can enhance the plaque pH values (p = 0.001) before rinsing and shortly after the rinse, and can last 30 minutes after rinsing probiotic drink (p = 0.430).;Congenital Heart Disease is the most common congenital anomaly occurred with an incidence of 8-10 cases out of 1000 births. Children with congenital heart disease are need treatment in the long term. Some drugs consumed by children with congenital heart disease may cause caries. As mentioned that children with congenital heart disease has a higher incidence of caries compared to normal children. The risk level of caries can be checked by calculating the plaque pH values. Probiotics are often used for prevention of caries in children. Benefits of using probiotics can reduce the risk of caries. This research is use samples of plaque on the subject before rinsing probiotic drink, then the subject gargling with probiotic drinks, and 30 minutes after rinsing probiotic drinks Results obtained from 15 children, probiotics can enhance the plaque pH values (p = 0.001) before rinsing and shortly after the rinse, and can last 30 minutes after rinsing probiotic drink (p = 0.430)., Congenital Heart Disease is the most common congenital anomaly occurred with an incidence of 8-10 cases out of 1000 births. Children with congenital heart disease are need treatment in the long term. Some drugs consumed by children with congenital heart disease may cause caries. As mentioned that children with congenital heart disease has a higher incidence of caries compared to normal children. The risk level of caries can be checked by calculating the plaque pH values. Probiotics are often used for prevention of caries in children. Benefits of using probiotics can reduce the risk of caries. This research is use samples of plaque on the subject before rinsing probiotic drink, then the subject gargling with probiotic drinks, and 30 minutes after rinsing probiotic drinks Results obtained from 15 children, probiotics can enhance the plaque pH values (p = 0.001) before rinsing and shortly after the rinse, and can last 30 minutes after rinsing probiotic drink (p = 0.430).]"

"Latar belakang: DSV (Defek Septum Ventrikel) adalah satu dari banyak kasus penyakit jantung bawaan dengan angka 2,6 per 1000 kelahiran di Dunia. Salah satu komplikasi DSV yang sering ditemukan adalah DSV dengan hipertensi pulmonal. Diagnosis intervensi terhadap hipertensi arteri pulmonal menjadi perhatian pada 2-10% kasus DSV, sehingga pasien DSV yang bermanifestasi hipertensi pulmonal dilakukan pemeriksaan kateterisasi. Pasien usia 6 bulan menjadi pedoman batas usia untuk dilakukan kateterisasi di RSPJDNHK (Rumahsakit Pusat Jantung dan Pembuluh darah Nasional Harapan Kita). Sehingga antrean operasi menjadi lebih lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh usia terhadap nilai PARi pascates oksigen dan mencari kelompok usia yang tidak memiliki hasil nonreaktif terhadap tes oksigen. Metode: Dilakukan studi Observasional retrospektif pada pasien DSV usia di bawah 5 tahun di RSPJDNHK tahun 2015 - 2020. Pengumpulan data melalui rekam medis pasien di divisi bedah jantung pediatrik RSPJDNHK. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak dengan perhitungan besar sampel mengikuti perhitungan besar sampel untuk uji komparatif numerik lebih dari dua kelompok dengan satu kali pengukuran. Analisis deskriptif dan analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan bantuan SPSS v 20.0. Hasil: Terdapat 178 sampel penelitian pada penelitian ini. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa usia berpengaruh atau berhubungan dengan nilai PARi pascates oksigen (p<0,05) pada pasien DSV usia di bawah 5 tahun. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan usia dengan nilai PARi pascates oksigen dan usia ≤2 tahun memiliki nilai mutlak reaktif terhadap tes oksigen.

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Background: Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) is one of the many cases of congenital heart disease with a rate of 2.6 per 1000 births in the world. One of the complications of VSD is pulmonary hypertension, with the prevalence of interventional diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension is about 2 – 10 % of VSD. Those who manifest pulmonary hypertension are undergone right heart catheterization. Patients aged six months are the limit for catheterization in National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita Hospital leads to a long waiting list. The study aimed to determine the effect on the PARi value of oxygen delivery and find age groups that have reactive results on oxygen tests.

Methods: A retrospective crossectional study was carried out in the pediatric cardiac surgery division of the National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita Hospital. Data were taken from the medical record, enrolling those treated from January 2015 to December 2020 with subjects under five years old with VSD pulmonary hypertension who underwent cardiac catheterization. Samples were taken randomly by calculating the sample size following the sample size calculation for the comparative numerical test of more than two groups with one measurement. Descriptive analysis and bivariate analysis were carried out using SPSS v 20.0.

Results: There were 178 subjects enrolled in this study. The age correlated to the post-oxygen test PARi value (p<0.05) on VSD patients under five years of age.

Conclusions: This study showed that age correlated to the PARi value after oxygen test, and age ≤2 years old has absolute reactive value to oxygen test."

"Pendahuluan: Kembar siam adalah gangguan kongenital yang langka dengan insiden 1/50.000 hingga 1/500.000 kelahiran di seluruh dunia.1 Operasi pemisahan adalah pengobatan utama yang memiliki tingkat kematian tinggi hingga 60%. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa kembar siam memiliki tingkat kejadian penyakit jantung kongenital hingga 66%, dengan kejadian tertinggi terlihat pada kembar siam thorakopagus.2 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara penyakit jantung kongenital (PJK) dan mortalitas kembar siam setelah operasi pemisahan. Metode: Kami melakukan studi retrospektif, pada semua pasien kembar siam yang menjalani operasi pemisahan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) dari tahun 2009 hingga 2022. Dua puluh enam subjek ditemukan telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi kami. Kompleksitas penyakit jantung kongenital didefinisikan oleh klasifikasi kompleksitas penyakit Bethesda. Hubungan antara kompleksitas PJK dan mortalitas dalam satu tahun pada pasien kembar siam yang menjalani operasi pemisahan dianalisis menggunakan uji Fisher. Hasil: Penyakit jantung kongenital terjadi pada kembar omfalopagus di RSCM. Tingkat kematian kembar siam dengan PJK yang menjalani operasi pemisahan di pusat kami adalah 40%, menunjukkan tidak adanya korelasi signifikan antara PJK dan mortalitas setelah operasi pemisahan, (p= 0,369). Kesimpulan: Kembar siam dengan PJK tidak menunjukkan korelasi dengan tingkat mortalitas setelah operasi pemisahan dalam studi awal ini. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan dengan lebih banyak subjek untuk mendapatkan hasil yang lebih konklusif.

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Introduction: Conjoined twins are a rare congenital disorder with an incidence of 1/50.000 up to 1/500.000 births around the world.1 Separation surgery is the mainstay treatment which yields a high mortality rate of up to 60%. Previous studies show conjoined twins have a high incidence of congenital heart disease up to 66%, with the highest incidence evident in thoracopagus conjoined twins.2 This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between congenital heart disease (CHD) and conjoined twins mortality after separation surgery.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study, on all conjoined twin patients who underwent separation surgery in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (CMH) from 2009 until 2022. Twenty-six subjects were found to have fulfilled our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Congenital heart disease complexity was defined by Bethesda disease complexity classification. The relationship between CHD complexity within one-year mortality in conjoined twins patients who underwent separation surgery was analysed using Fischer’s exact test.

Results: Congenital heart disease occurs in omphalopagus twins in CMH. The mortality rate of conjoined twins with CHD who underwent separation surgery in our centre was 40%, showing no significant correlation between CHD and mortality after separation surgery, (p= 0,369).

Conclusion: Conjoined twins with CHD showed no correlation to mortality rates following separation surgery in this preliminary study. Further research is needed with more subjects to make more conclusive results."