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"ABSTRACTObjectives: To examine the influence of pharmacists demographic characteristics on dispensing antibiotics purchased with and without a prescription in the community pharmacies.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 24 randomly-selected community pharmacies located in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emiratesbetween March and September 2009. Data were collected through a closed-structured questionnaire and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 17. Descriptive statistics, odds ratios, significance and 95% CI and logistic regression analyses were then used to analyze the resulting data.Results: Participating pharmacists conducted a total of 1645 antibiotic transactions (1211 [73.6%] dispensed with prescriptions versus and 434 [26.4%] without). Gender and socioeconomic status of the patients hada significant effect in acquiring antibiotics without prescription (p=0.012, p=0.001). Clarithromycin (91.5%), cefuroxime (91.3%), and co-amoxiclav(66.4%) were dispensed with prescription. Ceftriaxone (53.3%), amoxicillin (47.8%) and co-amoxiclav (33.6%) were dispensed without prescription. Dispensing of antibiotics with prescription were frequently given a 5,7, or 10 day regimen, while those without prescription were frequently given 3-7 days duration. Co-amoxiclav for sore throat was commonly dispensed without prescription. Ceftriaxone for sexually transmitted diseases was dispensed at a similar rate, both with and without prescription.Conclusions: Dispensing antibiotic without prescription is illegal and alarming. Patient interviews and interventions to improve the current prescribing pattern for both prescribers and pharmacists are highlywarranted."

"Apotek merupakan salah satu sarana pelayanan kefarmasian bagi apoteker dan tenaga kefarmasian lain. Pelayanan yang dimaksud berupa pelayanan langsung dan bertanggung jawab kepada pasien terkait sediaan farmasi yang bertujuan untuk mencapai hasil yang pasti dalam meningkatkan mutu kehidupan pasien (Kemenkes RI, 2017). Tujuan penulisan tugas khusus ini adalah agar penluis dapat memahami pelaksanaan pengkajian resep yang dilaksanakan di Apotek Roxy Pitara sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah yaitu Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 73 Tahun 2016 tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Apotek Berdasarkan analisis di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa resep pertama dan kedua tidak lengkap dalam aspek administratif. Ditemukan juga interaksi obat pada resep pertama yaitu peningkatan risiko hipoglikemia pada penggunaan Diamicron DR dan Trajenta dan pada resep kedua yaitu peningkatan risiko ulkus peptik dan pendarahan pada penggunaan Pirofel dan Prednisone secara bersamaan.

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Pharmacy is a pharmaceutical service facility for pharmacists and other pharmaceutical personnel. The service in question is in the form of direct and responsible service to patients related to pharmaceutical preparations which aim to achieve definite results in improving the quality of life of patients (RI Ministry of Health, 2017). The purpose of writing this special assignment is so that the writer can understand the implementation of the prescription review carried out at the Roxy Pitara Pharmacy in accordance with the standards set by the government, namely the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 73 of 2016 concerning Pharmaceutical Service Standards at Pharmacies. Based on the analysis above, it can be concluded that the first and second prescriptions were incomplete in the administrative aspect. Drug interactions were also found in the first prescription, namely an increased risk of hypoglycemia when using Diamicron DR and Trajenta and in the second prescription, an increased risk of peptic ulcer and bleeding when using Pirofel and Prednisone together."

"Resep adalah permintaan tertulis dari dokter, dokter gigi, atau dokter hewan kepada apoteker, baik dalam bentuk paper maupun elektronik untuk menyediakan dan menyerahkan obat bagi pasien sesuai peraturan yang berlaku. Pada Praktek Kerja Profesi Apoteker (PKPA) ini, calon Apoteker memperoleh kesempatan untuk melakukan analisis potensi interaksi dan penentuan waktu penggunaan obat dalam resep di apotek Kimia Farma No. 382 Kelapa Dua. Tugas khusus ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman calon Apoteker mengenai interaksi obat dan waktu penggunaan obat yang tepat. Pelaksanaan analisis resep dilakukan dengan cara mengambil dan memfoto resep yang telah disiapkan dan diserahkan oleh mahasiswa kepada pasien. Dari semua resep yang telah difoto kemudian dipilih resep-resep yang berisikan obat-obatan anti anti diabetes, anti hipertensi, anti kolesterol, asma, dan pengencer darah. Setelah itu dipilih 5 resep secara acak untuk kemudian dianalisis. Analisis potensi terjadinya interaksi obat dan penentuan waktu penggunaan obat yang tepat dalam resep (obat anti diabetes, anti hipertensi, anti kolesterol, asma dan pengencer darah) di Apotek Kimia Farma No. 382, telah dilakukan dengan baik. Dari kelima resep yang dianalisis terdapat tiga resep yang memiliki potensi interaksi farmakodinamik sinergis, satu resep yang memiliki interaksi farmakodinamik antagonis, dan satu resep yang memiliki interaksi farmakokinetik sinergis. Potensi interaksi tersebut dapat dicegah dengan cara meminumnya secara terpisah.

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A prescription is a written request from a doctor, dentist or veterinarian to a pharmacist, either in paper or electronic form, to provide and deliver medicine to the patient in accordance with applicable regulations. In this Pharmacist Professional Work Practice (PKPA), prospective pharmacists have the opportunity to analyze potential interactions and determine the timing of use of drugs in prescriptions at Kimia Farma Pharmacy Number 382, Kelapa Dua. This special assignment aims to increase prospective pharmacists' understanding of drug interactions and the correct time to use drugs. Prescription analysis is carried out by taking and photographing prescriptions that have been prepared and handed over by students to patients. From all the recipes that had been photographed, recipes were selected which contained anti-diabetic, anti-hypertension, anti-cholesterol, asthma and blood thinner medicines. After that, 5 recipes were randomly selected and then analyzed. Analysis of the potential for drug interactions and determining the correct time to use prescription drugs (anti-diabetes, anti-hypertension, anti-cholesterol, asthma and blood thinners) at Kimia Farma Pharmacy Number 382, has been carried out well. Of the five recipes analyzed, there were three recipes that had potential synergistic pharmacodynamic interactions, one recipe that had antagonistic pharmacodynamic interactions, and one recipe that had synergistic pharmacokinetic interactions. This potential interaction can be prevented by drinking them separately."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang pandangan dokter, staf farmasi, dan staf IT di RS Awal Bros Pekanbaru mengenai pelaksanaan penggunaan resep elektronik di RS Awal Bros Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Wawancara Mendalam, dan Observasi. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembuatan resep elektronik ditentukan dari kemauan, kemampuan adaptasi dan sikap dari pengguna sistem tersebut. Komponen utama yang menunjang hal tersebut adalah kemudahan sistem yangdigunakan, kelengkapan informasi yang dibutuhkan, dan kesesuaian dengan proses/alur kerja yang berlangsung

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This study focus on the evaluation of electronic prescription utilitation at Awal Bros Hospital Pekanbaru from the doctors, pharmacy staff, and IT Staffs point ofview. This Study used qualitative study with descriptive analitycal approach. Data collection methods used are Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Indepth Interview,and Observation. Results of this study shows that the utilitation of Electronic Prescribing depends on the user?s willingness, user?s ability to adapt with thesystems, and the users attitude towrds the systems. The main component that support it are the systems that is easy to use, completeness of the information provide, and the how the systems goes along with the working proscess at the hospital."

"Evaluasi kesesuaian pelayanan kefarmasian di apotek mulai dari penerimaan, pemeriksaan ketersediaan, penyiapan sediaan farmasi, alat kesehatan, dan bahan medis habis pakai termasuk peracikan obat, pemeriksaan, penyerahan disertai pemberian informasi. Pada setiap tahap alur pelayanan resep dilakukan upaya pencegahan terjadinya kesalahan pemberian obat (medication error). Pelayanan dan pengkajian resep di Apotek Roxy Biak aspek administratif, farmasetika, dan klinis serta pengelolaan sediaan farmasi di Apotek Roxy Biak mulai dari perencanaan, pengadaan, penerimaan, penyimpanan disertai stok opname yang dilakukan setiap hari, pemusnahan, pencatatan dan pelaporan telah memenuhi persyaratan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 73 Tahun 2016.

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Evaluation of the suitability of pharmaceutical services in pharmacies starts with acceptance, checking availability, preparation of pharmaceutical preparations, medical devices and consumable medical materials including drug dispensing, inspection, delivery accompanied by provision of information. At each stage of the prescription service flow, efforts are made to prevent medication errors. The service and review of prescriptions at the Roxy Biak Pharmacy in administrative, pharmaceutical and clinical aspects also management of pharmaceutical preparations at the Roxy Biak Pharmacy starting from planning, procurement, receipt, storage with stock taking which is carried out every day, destruction, recording and reporting has met the requirements of Minister of Health Regulation No. 73 of 2016. "

"Resep adalah permintaan tertulis dari dokter, dokter gigi atau dokter hewan kepada apoteker baik dalam bentuk maupun elektronik untuk menyediakan dan menyerahkan sediaan farmasi dan/atau alat kesehatan bagi pasien. Resep dikatakan rasional apabila terdapat informasi terkait obat yang akan diberikan kepada pasien. Penyusunan tugas khusus ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang mungkin terjadi pada telaah peresepan. Penyusunan tugas khusus ini menggunakan metode studi literatur, dengan menggunakan resep yang diperoleh tahun 2022 di Apotek Atrika. Penulis menganalisis permasalah kelengkapan resep meliputi kelengkapan aspek administratif, aspek klinis, dan aspek farmasetik. Resep dikaji dengan menggunakan referensi Farmakope Indonesia edisi III, Info Spesialite Obat, PIONAS, dan MIMS. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa masih terdapat kekurangan pada kajian administratif seperti jenis kelamin pasien, berat badan pasien, alamat pasien, nomor telepon pasien, dan tanda tangan atau paraf dokter.

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Prescription is a written request from a doctor, dentist or veterinarian to a pharmacist, either in form or electronically, to provide and deliver pharmaceutical preparations and/or medical devices to patients. A prescription is said to be rational if there is information relating to the drug to be given to the patient. The preparation of this special assignment aims to overcome problems that may occur in the recipe review. The preparation of this special assignment uses the literature study method, using recipes obtained in 2022 at the Atrika Pharmacy. The author analyzes the problem of prescription completeness including the completeness of administrative aspects, clinical aspects, and pharmaceutical aspects. Recipes were reviewed using references to the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia, Edition III, Drug Specialist Info, PIONAS, and MIMS. So it can be concluded that there are still deficiencies in administrative studies such as patient gender, patient weight, patient address, patient telephone number, and doctor's signature or initials."

"Pelayanan obat atas resep dokter merupakan salah satu dari pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek. Resep yang sesuai harus memuat cukup informasi yang memungkinkan tenaga kefarmasian yang bersangkutan mengerti obat yang akan diberikan kepada pasiennya. Resep juga harus ditulis dengan jelas agar terhindar dari salah persepsi antara dokter dengan tenaga kefarmasian yang bersangkutan. Namun pada kenyataanya, masih ada beberapa permasalahan yang ditemui di dalam peresepan. Permasalahan dalam peresepan obat tersebut disebut juga Medication error. Medication error merupakan kejadian yang dapat merugikan pasien akibat pemakaian obat yang seharusnya dapat dicegah dalam pengobatan. Upaya dalam pencegahan terjadinya kesalahan pemberian obat (Medication error) adalah pengkajian resep pada resep yang diterima dari pasien. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penyusunan laporan tugas khusus ini yaitu pengambilan data secara retrospektif dimana dilakukannya pengamatan dan mencatat terkait dengan aspek administrasi, aspek farmasetik, dan aspek klinis dari resep tersebut dan di ceklis pada form yang telah dibuat. Berdasarkan hasil Praktik Kerja Profesi Apoteker di Apotek Kimia Farma 352 Margonda yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ketepatan resep pada pasien gastritis berdasarkan aspek administrasi masih terdapat beberapa kekurangan sehingga diperlukan kelengkapan dalam resep pada aspek administrasi, Ketepatan resep pada pasien gastritis berdasarkan aspek farmasetik telah memenuhi persyaratan standar pelayanan kefarmasian, namun terdapat beberapa resep yang masih belum memenuhi persyaratan sehingga kelengkapannya perlu diperhatikan kembali, dan Ketepatan resep pada pasien gastritis berdasarkan aspek klinis telah memenuho persyaratan standar pelayanan kefarmasian seluruhnya sehingga harus dipertahankan seterusnya seperti ini.

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Drug service on a doctor's prescription is one of the pharmaceutical services at the pharmacy. An appropriate prescription must contain sufficient information to enable the pharmacist concerned to understand the drug to be given to the patient. Prescriptions must also be written clearly to avoid misunderstandings between the doctor and the pharmacist concerned. But in fact, there are still some problems encountered in the prescription. Problems in prescribing these drugs are also called Medication errors. Medication error is an event that can harm the patient due to the use of drugs that should be prevented in treatment. Efforts to prevent medication errors from occurring are reviewing prescriptions on prescriptions received from patients. The research method used in the preparation of this special assignment report was retrospective data collection where observations and notes were made related to the administrative, pharmaceutical, and clinical aspects of the prescription and checked on the form that had been made. Based on the results of the Pharmacist Professional Work Practice at Kimia Farma 352 Margonda Pharmacy which has been carried out by researchers, it can be concluded that the accuracy of prescriptions for gastritis patients based on administrative aspects still has some deficiencies, so completeness of prescriptions is needed on administrative aspects. Accuracy of prescriptions for gastritis patients based on pharmaceutical aspects has been meet the standard requirements for pharmaceutical services, but there are several prescriptions that still do not meet the requirements so that their completeness needs to be considered again, and the accuracy of prescriptions for gastritis patients based on clinical aspects has fulfilled the standard requirements for pharmaceutical services in its entirety so it must be maintained onwards like this."