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Abstrak :
This trusted guide is written from the perspective of authors who have more than seventy-five years' experience as clinicians, educators, researchers, and authors. Featuring chapters that are concise, focused, and practical, this book is unique. Unlike other references on the topic, this resource is about mechanical ventilation rather than mechanical ventilators. It is written to provide a solid understanding of the general principles and essential foundational knowledge of mechanical ventilation as required by respiratory therapists and critical care physicians. To make it clinically relevant, Essentials of Mechanical Ventilation includes disease-specific chapters related to mechanical ventilation in these conditions"--Publisher's description

Abstrak :
Craniosacral therapy is based on the belief that functions of the human system are maintained and integrated by a biodynamic force known as 'primary respiration,' or the breath of life. Found in the brain, spinal cord, and bodily fluids, this rhythmic pulse promotes healing and health. Written for students and practitioners but accessible to lay readers, this text presents the fundamental concepts and techniques of a method that redirects the cerebrospinal fluid to areas of imbalance, thus enhancing overall health. Volume One covers both the history and conceptual ideas fundamental to Craniosacral Biodynamics, as well as the more complex structural and tissue relationships.

Abstrak :
Stabilitas merupakan salah satu parameter yang menunjukkan sejauh mana bahan organik yang mudah terurai (biodegradable) telah terdekomposisi. Berbagai metode digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat stabilitas bahan organik, diantaranya metode static respiration index (SRI) dan dynamic respiration index (DRI). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi karakteristik dan menganalisa stabilitas sampel sampel sampah makanan, sampah kebun, sampah organik, sampah kota, sampah buah, limbah pabrik tahu, dan kotoran sapi yang digunakan dalam penelitian berdasarkan kadar air, volatile solids, rasio C/N, kadar lignin, serta nilai SRI, dan DRI, serta menentukan metode yang tepat untuk pengolahan lanjutan pada sampel limbah organik yang tidak stabil. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel limbah organik dari 9 tempat yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai SRI dan DRI yang paling tinggi adalah sampel limbah pabrik tahu yaitu sebesar 13,3995 mgO₂g^-1OM^-1h^-1 dan 148,3747 mgO₂g^-1OM^-1h^-1. Selain itu, sampel yang dikomposkan yaitu limbah pabrik tahu dan kotoran sapi dengan campuran cangkang kelapa dan serabut kelapa selama 14 hari. Hasil pengomposan menunjukkan bahwa persentase efektifitas pengomposan sampel limbah pabrik tahu sebesar 99,94% pada hari ke-3 pengomposan. Sedangkan, pada sampel kotoran sapi persentasenya sebesar 99,17% pada hari ke-7.

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Stability is one parameter which shows how far biodegradable organic matter has decomposed. Various methods are used to measure the level of stability of organic materials, including static respiration index (SRI) and dynamic respiration index (DRI) methods. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics and analyze the stability of samples of food waste, garden waste, organic waste, municipal waste, fruit waste, tofu factory waste, and cow dung used in research based on water content, volatile solids, C/N ratio, lignin content, also the value of SRI, and DRI, and determine the appropriate method for further processing in unstable organic waste samples. This study uses organic waste samples from 9 different places. The results showed the highest SRI and DRI were tofu factory waste sample which were 13,3995 mgO₂g^-1OM^-1h^-1 dan 148,3747 mgO₂g^-1OM^-1h^-1. In addition, composted samples are tofu factory waste and cow dung with a mixture of coconut shells and coconut fibers for 14 days The composting results showed that the percentage of composting effectiveness of tofu factory waste samples was 99,94% on the 3rd day of composting. Whereas, on cow dung samples the percentage is 99,17% on the 7th day.

Abstrak :
Respiration illness has some different symptoms basically is caused of irritation, failure of transparent muccociliari, more rekresi lender and respiration stricture. Children under tive years old at Primary Heath Care of Pangkalan Kerinci in Pelalawan District risk of respiration problem and based on result of annual report at Primary Health Care, respiration trouble illness is the tirst of ten illnesses at this area. lt is because of most public spend 90 % their time in room (house). Therefore research is pointed by the way of looking for relationship between PMN rate at house, house physical environment factor and children under tive years old characteristic which related to respiration problem occurrence becoming a reason. WHO estimated that there were 400-500 millions people who faced air pollution problem of variation room including headache, head cold, drought red lane, drought coughs, eye irritation, skin irritation, influenza, breathless and tuberculosis. This research purpose to know prevalence between respiration problem illness among children under tive years old, relationship of PMN rate at house, house physical environment factor (10 variables) and children under tive years old characteristic (5 variables) with respiration problem illness occurrence among children under tive years old, and looking for factor which is most dominance effect of respiration problem illness among children under tive years old at Primary Health Care of Pangkalan Kerinci, Pelalawan District in Riau Province, time period of Measurement appliance which is used to measure PM", rate at house consists of Haz Dust Sampler, EPAM S000 model, temperature by thennometer, dampness by hygrometer, illumination by luxmeter, and appliance which is used to get primary data of children under tive years old characteristic by questionnaire and checklist. 'l`his research used a cross sectional design which participating population of 615 Head of Family (KK) by sample number of 261 children under five years old, where data was collected at the same time of PMN, rate, house physic environment and children under five years old characteristic and there were not respiration problem illness occurrence among children under five years old. Based on research result which has been done it was indicated that: l). Prevalence of children under tive years old who faced of respiration problem illness was 78,2 % _ 2). Children under five years old house with PMN rate which did not fulfill requirement was 55,6 %, 3). There is no meaning ditference of PM", rate at house (p value = 0,393) with respiration problem among children under tive years old. 4). Habit of children under tive years old out of house has a meaning difference of respiration problem illness occurrence among children under tive years old by p- value = 0,007 and OR = 2,59 (95 % CI: 1,333-5,083). Children under ive years old who are out of house have risk of respiration problem illness 2,59 times compared with children under tive years old are out of house for long time. 5). Factor which is most dominance influencing respiration problem iilness occurrence among children under five years old are usage of fuel for cooking and children under tive years old who are out of house. Children under tive years old who are out of house have risk of respiration problem illness 2,59 times compared with children under five years old who are at house for long time, and also usage of fuel for cooking which became smoke has risk 2,32 times of reqriration problem illness compared with usage of Riel for cooking which did not become smoke (gas and electricity). 6). Probability of respiration problem illness occurrence among children under tive years old where they used fuel which will become smoke at their house and children under five years oId who have habit out of house 83,5 %. 7). Children under five years old who used fuel for cooking which became smoke (wood, charcoal and kerosene) and many activities of children under tive years old out of house have probabiiity of respiration problem illness occurrence 1,5 times bigger than children under five years old which used fuel for cooking which did not become smoke (gas and electrics) and many activities of children under five years old out of house.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Saat ini debu tepung masih dianggap sebagai bahan yang tidak berbahaya/debu inert, sementara pada industri tepung terigu PT.ISM BSFM terdapat tendensi peningkatan gangguan saluran napas atas maupun saluran napas bawah. Penelitian bertujuan mencari hubungan antara gangguan faal paru pada pekerja dengan pajanan debu tepung dan faktor lain yang berhubungan, prevalensi keluhan serta prevalensi penyakit paru kerja. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain studi Cross sectional internal kompartif terhadap dua kelompok pekerja yang terpajan rendah dan terpajan tinggi berdasarkan hasil pengukuran personal dust sampler(debu respirable). Studi dilakukan dengan mewawancarai 119 responden memakai kuesioner Pneumobile project Indonesia 1992, mengukur faal paru dengan spirometri dan pengukuran Arus puncak ekspirasi. Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Kadar debu di bagian pengemasan dan penggilingan sangat tinggi mencapai 3 kali NAB. Terdapat penurunan faal paru berupa restriksi pada 37 % responden dan obstruksi 7,5%, di mana terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara penurunan fungsi paru dengan status gizi, pekerja yang terpajan tinggi, lama merokok, umur dan lama kerja. Prevalensi keluhan batuk kronik 21,8 %, berdahak kronik 13,4 % dan sesak napas 18,5 %, sementara prevalensi penyakit paru kerja didapat 4,2 % responden yang menderita bronkitis kronik dan 14,3% asma di mana 1,7 % merupakan asma kerja.

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Back ground: Today grain flour dust is still assumed as nontoxic dust, while several respiration disease (upper and low) are increase at PT.ISM BSFM the biggest grain mill in Indonesia. The goal of this study was to identify relation between the decrease of lung function and the exposure of grain flour dust, with some other related factor. To find prevalent of symptom and prevalent of occupational lung disease. Method: Design of the study was a Cross-sectional study, with internal comparative of the two group workers (high exposure and low) that base on result of measurement of personal dust sampler (respirable dust). A simple working survey using Pneumobile Indonesia questioner was carrying out to 119 respondents, measurement lung function by spirometri and peak flow expiration. Results and Conclusion: Study finding the high exposure of dust at the packing unit and milling unit, the concentration is 3 time greater than TLVs. Result of the lung function measurement found 37 % respondent were restriction and 7.5% obstruction, this respondent have significant relation with their body mass index, working in the high exposure place, length time of smoking, age and length time of working. Prevalent of chronic cough 21.8 %, chronic sputum 13.4 % and breathing difficulty 18.5 %, while prevalent of occupational lung disease were 4.2 % respondent with choric bronchitis and 14.3% asthma included 1.7 % occupational asthma.