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Abstrak :
This paper describes the case study of Semanggi intersection in Jakarta, a dynamic model of emission reduction in the land transportation sector. The urban transportation system is a complex system with multiple variables, feedback loops, and is influenced by social, economic and environmental factors. The proposed model consists of two submodels: Vehicle Fleet and Emission Calculation. The model runs in Powersim Studio software using data from the Indonesia Japan Economic Partnership Agreement, and the Traffic Management Centre of the Indonesian National Police. The test was conducted by developing two scenarios: Business As Usual and Intention. The estimated results to be obtained using the first scenario in 2021 should be 1,113,398 units, while the second scenario is estimated to produce 850,733 units. We hypothesize that the Intentional Approach will have a more significant impact than the Technical Approach, which requires more investment. The Intentional Approach is designed to improve the intention of private car users to switch to public transportation. The Technical Approach to the emission measurement of every vehicle in a certain area is the data of vehicle emission which are usually taken to determine the current condition. This research will no doubt have a positive impact on emission reduction in Jakarta.

Abstrak :
This paper describes the case study of Semanggi intersection in Jakarta, a dynamic model of emission reduction in the land transportation sector. The urban transportation system is a complex system with multiple variables, feedback loops, and is influenced by social, economic and environmental factors. The proposed model consists of two submodels: Vehicle Fleet and Emission Calculation. The model runs in Powersim Studio software using data from the Indonesia Japan Economic Partnership Agreement, and the Traffic Management Centre of the Indonesian National Police. The test was conducted by developing two scenarios: Business As Usual and Intention. The estimated results to be obtained using the first scenario in 2021 should be 1,113,398 units, while the second scenario is estimated to produce 850,733 units. We hypothesize that the Intentional Approach will have a more significant impact than the Technical Approach, which requires more investment. The Intentional Approach is designed to improve the intention of private car users to switch to public transportation. The Technical Approach to the emission measurement of every vehicle in a certain area is the data of vehicle emission which are usually taken to determine the current condition. This research will no doubt have a positive impact on emission reduction in Jakarta.

Abstrak :
This is the sixth volume of a sub series on Road Vehicle Automation published within the Lecture Notes in Mobility. The contents have been provided by researchers, engineers and analysts from all around the world. Topics covered include public sector activities, human factors and challenges, ethical, legal, energy and technology perspectives, vehicle systems development, as well as transportation infrastructure and planning. The book is based on the Automated Vehicles Symposium held on July 9-12, 2018 in San Francisco, CA (USA).

Abstrak :
Penelitian tentang hubungan infrastruktur transportasi dan pertumbuhan ekonomi telah menarik perhatian banyak peneliti di Indonesia. Namun, beberapa studi yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi tergantung pendekatan yang digunakan, lokasi penelitian dan waktu penelitian. Berkenaan dengan itu, penelitian ini sekaligus menggunakan dua pendekatan yaitu pertama dengan menggunakan data time-series dan kedua menggunakan data panel. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan pertama, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan searah dari pertumbuhan ekonomi ke pertumbuhan infrastruktur jalan, dan tidak sebaliknya. Sementara, hubungan pertumbuhan ekonomi dengan transportasi udara dan laut tidak signifikan. Hasil yang serupa juga ditemukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kedua dengan menggunakan fixed effect model dengan robust standard errors. Pertumbuhan dari ketiga moda transportasi itu tidak memiliki efek yang signifikan pada pertumbuhan ekonomi. Namun, dampak dari level transportasi udara signifikan dan negative pada pertumbuhan ekonomi. Selanjutnya, berbeda dengan efek dari infrastruktur transportasi, efek dari pertumbuman modal tetap bruto, sebagai proxy dari investasi infrastruktur, positif dan signifikan di semua model yang menggunakan fixed effect model dengan robust standard errors. Ini menunjukkan bahwa investasi modal memiliki peran penting pada ekonomi Indonesia, dan sepertinya ini menkonfimasi bahwa pertumbuhan investasi infrastruktur meningkatkan permintaan pada intermediate goods dan buruh, yang dapat menstimulasi terjadinya multiplier effect di dalam ekonomi.

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The relationship between transport infrastructure and economic growth has attracted many researchers, including in Indonesia. However, all of these studies show quite mixed results depending on the approach used, the study's location, and the time studied. This study uses both time-series data analysis and panel data analysis to investigate the relationship between economic growth and three transport infrastructure types. By using time-series data analysis, by employing VAR/VECM, this study concludes that there is a unidirectional relationship from economic growth to the growth in road infrastructure, not vice versa, while the relationships of per capita economic growth with the growth in air and sea transport infrastructure are not significant. A similar result also has been found using panel FEM with robust standard errors. All the growths in three types of infrastructure have no significant effect on per capita economic growth. Similarly, the effects of the level of both road transportation infrastructure and sea transportation infrastructure on economic growth are also not significant. However, the effect of the level of air transportation infrastructure is significant and negative. Furthermore, in contrast with the effect of the growth rate of transport infrastructure on economic growth, the effect of growth in gross capital formation per capita, as a proxy of infrastructure investment, is positive and significant in all equations using FEM with robust standard errors. This shows that capital investment plays an essential role in Indonesias economy and might confirm that the growth in infrastructure investment increases the demand for intermediate goods and labours, which can stimulate a multiplier effect in the economy.