Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Perilaku antisosial dan kriminalitas pada anak dan remaja merupakan permasalahan penting yang terjadi di Indonesia dan berbagai negara. Dalam menghadapi permasalahan ini, negara menyelenggarakan suatu program pembinaan di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak (LPKA). Masalah perilaku sering lebih menjadi perhatian, meskipun depresi merupakan masalah yang juga signifikan pada populasi ini. Depresi pada anak dan remaja memiliki perbedaan gambaran dengan dewasa, dapat menjadi hal yang melatarbelakangi munculnya masalah perilaku, dan bila tidak segera dikenali dan ditangani dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan anak dan remaja itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran gejala depresi serta faktor-faktor yang berhubungan pada anak didik pemasyarakatan di LPKA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan studi potong lintang, dan dilaksanakan di LPKA Kelas I Tangerang pada bulan Juni-September 2018. Sebanyak 86 responden berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini, dan pada penilaian dengan Child Depression Inventory (CDI), dijumpai 44,2% responden mengalami gejala depresi. Pada penilaian lanjutan dengan Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescent (MINI-KID) didapatkan sebagian besar responden memenuhi kriteria diagnosis distimia, dan komorbiditas paling banyak adalah distimia dan gangguan penggunaan zat psikoaktif non alkohol. Dari penilaian terhadap faktor yang berhubungan, didapatkan anak didik yang menjalani masa penahanan kurang dari 1 tahun dan tidak dikunjungi keluarga memiliki risiko lebih besar mengalami depresi. Pada analisis multivariat didapatkan perundungan adalah faktor perancu, dan konsultasi ke layanan kesehatan selama masa penahanan tidak berhubungan dengan adanya depresi. Setelah mendapatkan hasil tersebut dapat disarankan penapisan gejala depresi pada anak didik pemasyarakatan dan penanganan yang sesuai. Penelitian lebih lanjut juga diperlukan untuk mempelajari faktor lain yang memengaruhi depresi pada anak didik pemasyarakatan.

---

Antisocial behavior and crime in children and adolescents are crucial problems which occur in Indonesia and various countries. In dealing with this problem, the state organizes a coaching program at the Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak (LPKA). Behavioral problems are often more of a concern, although depression is also a significant problem in this population. Depression in children and adolescents which has different symptoms in adults could be the background of the emergence of behavior problems, and if not immediately recognized and handled can affect the development of children and adolescents themselves. This study aims to describe depressive symptoms and related factors in juvenile offenders in LPKA. This study was an observational study with cross sectional study design, and was conducted in LPKA Kelas I Tangerang in June-September 2018. A total of 86 respondents participated in this study, and the assessment with Child Depression Inventory (CDI), 44,2% of respondents encountered depression symptoms. In the follow-up assessment with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescent (MINI-KID) instrument, it was found that most respondents met the diagnosis criteria fr dystimia, and the most comorbidities were dysthimia and disruption of the use of non-alcoholic psychoactive substances. From the assessment of related factors, it was found that juvenile offenders who underwent a detention period of less than 1 year and were not visited by their families had a greater risk of depression. In the multivariate analysis it was found that bullying was a confounding factor, and consultation to health services during the detention period was not associated with depression. After getting these results, it can be suggested screening depressive symptoms in correctional and adequate treatment. Further research is also needed to study other factors that correlated with depression in juvenile offenders."

"Fiksi psikologi bukan hal yang baru dalam dunia kesusastraan Belanda. Salah satu novel fiksi psikologi terkenal di Belanda adalah Het diner karya Herman Koch. Novel ini mengisahkan orang tua yang berusaha menutupi tindak kejahatan anak mereka. Penelitian ini membahas karakter tokoh Paul dan Claire Lohman, khususnya bagaimana pandangan dan respon Paul dan Claire terhadap kejahatan anak mereka serta bagaimana karakteristik psikopatologi yang dimiliki tokoh Paul dan Claire yang mendasari upaya mereka membenarkan tindak kejahatan anak mereka. Untuk meneliti hal tersebut digunakan teori tokoh dan penokohan, serta fokalisasi. Kemudian pendekatan psikopatologi dengan kriteria dari American Psychiatric Association digunakan untuk mencari adanya kaitan antara sifat tokoh dengan gangguan mental. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya kesesuaian antara pandangan dan respon Paul dan Claire Lohman terhadap kejahatan anak mereka serta karakter tokoh-tokoh tersebut dengan gejala gangguan kepribadian antisosial yang menjadi dasar tindakan mereka membenarkan kejahatan anak mereka.

---

Psychological fiction is nothing new in Dutch literature. One well-known psychological fiction novel in the Netherlands is Het diner by Herman Koch. This novel tells the story of parents who are trying to cover up their child's crime. This study discusses the personalities of Paul and Claire Lohman characters, specifically how they view and respond to the crime of their child and how the psychopathological characteristics possessed by Paul and Claire's characters are the basis of their efforts to justify their children's crime. To examine this, theory of character and characterizations are used, as well as focalization. Then the psychopathology approach with the criteria by the American Psychiatric Association is used to look for a link between the nature of the characters with mental disorders. The results of this study indicate a compatibility between the views and responses of Paul and Claire Lohman to the crimes of their child as well as the character of these figures with the symptoms of antisocial personality disorder which is the basis of their actions to justify their child's crimes."

"An indispensable international resource, The SAGE Handbook of Criminological Theory provides readers with a clear overview of criminological theory, enabling them to reflect critically upon the traditional, emergent and desirable theoretical positions of the discipline.This handbook is essential for libraries and scholars of all levels studying the rapidly developing, interdisciplinary field of criminology."

"This two-volume set is designed to serve as a reference source for anyone interested in the roots of contemporary criminological theory. Drawing together a team of international scholars, it examines the global landscape of all the key theories and the theorists behind them, presenting them in a context needed to understand their strengths and weaknesses. The work provides essays on cutting-edge research as well as concise, to-the-point definitions of key concepts, ideas, schools, and figures. Topics include contexts and concepts in criminological theory, the social construction of crime, policy implications of theory, diversity and intercultural contexts, conflict theory, rational choice theories, conservative criminology, feminist theory, and more.Key ThemesThe Classical School of CriminologyThe Positivist School of CriminologyEarly American Theories of CrimeBiological and Biosocial Theories of CrimePsychological Theories of CrimeThe Chicago School of CriminologyCultural and Learning Theories of CrimeAnomie and Strain Theories of Crime and DevianceControl Theories of CrimeLabeling and Interactionist Theories of CrimeTheories of the Criminal SanctionConflict, Radical, and Critical Theories of CrimeFeminist and Gender-Specific Theories of CrimeChoice and Opportunity Theories of CrimeMacro-Level/ Community Theories of CrimeLife-Course and Developmental Theories of CrimeIntegrated Theories of CrimeTheories of White-Collar and Corporate CrimeContemporary Gang TheoriesTheories of Prison Behavior and InsurgencyTheories of Fear and Concern About Crime"