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Yahya Mustofa
"[ABSTRAK
Volumetric Modulation Arc Therapy (VMAT) merupakan salah satu modalitas untuk
pengobatan kanker yang mempunyai beberapa teknik penyinaran. Dalam penelitian
dilakukan karakteristik dosimetri dan dosimetri invivo menggunakan TLD-100 rod
dan film gafchromic EBT3 dengan teknik full arc dan half arc VMAT pada fantom
rando kasus kanker parotid kiri dan kanker paru ? paru apeks kiri yang masing -
masing memiliki empat target dengan volume yang berbeda. Evaluasi yang dilakukan
meliputi parameter penyinaran, Homogeneity Index (HI), Conformity Index (CI) dan
deviasi pengukuran dosis menggunakan TLD dan film dengan TPS. Total MU yang
digunakan dan waktu penyinaran, teknik full arc lebih besar dibandingkan teknik half
arc. Selain itu, laju dosis yang diperlukan untuk VMAT teknik full-arc lebih rendah
dibandingkan dengan teknik half arc,Teknik full arc lebih homogen dan konformitas
dibandingkan pada teknik half arc. Pada pengukuran dosis titik menunjukkan bahwa
teknik full-arc dan half-arc mempunyai nilai deviasi yang tidak besar, dan
penggunaan TLD lebih efektif jika dibandingkan dengan film, dimana rata ? rata
deviasi dosis penggunaan TLD antara 3,79 ? 5,76 % untuk target dan 6,38 ? 9,3 %
untuk organ at risk (OAR), dan pada penggunaan film antara 5,69 ? 11,85 % untuk
target dan 34,40 ? 215,76 % untuk OAR.

ABSTRACT
Volumetric Modulation Arc Therapy (VMAT) is one of the modalities for cancer
treatment that have some technique. This study conducted, dosimetry
characterizations and determination dose by TLD and gafchromic EBT3 film with
full arc and half arc VMAT technique at rando phantom for left parotid cancer and
left apex lung cancer case, which each case have four target different volumes.
Evaluation was conducted on the irradiation parameters, homogeneity index (HI),
Conformity Index (CI) and the deviation of dose measurement using TLD and films
with TPS. On VMAT, the total MU which used and the total of delivery treatment
time, on full arc technique is greater than the half arc technique. Results of the study
the dose rate necessary for VMAT technique of full arc lower than the technique of
half arc, VMAT technique full arc more homogeneous and conformity compared to
the technique of half arc. The measurement of the dose point of use TLD is more
effective than the use of the film, where deviations dose average using TLD between
3.79 to 5.76 % for target and 6.36 to 9.3 % for organ at risk (OAR), and the use of
film between 5.69 to 11.85 % for target and 34.4 to 215.76 % for OAR.;Volumetric Modulation Arc Therapy (VMAT) is one of the modalities for cancer
treatment that have some technique. This study conducted, dosimetry
characterizations and determination dose by TLD and gafchromic EBT3 film with
full arc and half arc VMAT technique at rando phantom for left parotid cancer and
left apex lung cancer case, which each case have four target different volumes.
Evaluation was conducted on the irradiation parameters, homogeneity index (HI),
Conformity Index (CI) and the deviation of dose measurement using TLD and films
with TPS. On VMAT, the total MU which used and the total of delivery treatment
time, on full arc technique is greater than the half arc technique. Results of the study
the dose rate necessary for VMAT technique of full arc lower than the technique of
half arc, VMAT technique full arc more homogeneous and conformity compared to
the technique of half arc. The measurement of the dose point of use TLD is more
effective than the use of the film, where deviations dose average using TLD between
3.79 to 5.76 % for target and 6.36 to 9.3 % for organ at risk (OAR), and the use of
film between 5.69 to 11.85 % for target and 34.4 to 215.76 % for OAR., Volumetric Modulation Arc Therapy (VMAT) is one of the modalities for cancer
treatment that have some technique. This study conducted, dosimetry
characterizations and determination dose by TLD and gafchromic EBT3 film with
full arc and half arc VMAT technique at rando phantom for left parotid cancer and
left apex lung cancer case, which each case have four target different volumes.
Evaluation was conducted on the irradiation parameters, homogeneity index (HI),
Conformity Index (CI) and the deviation of dose measurement using TLD and films
with TPS. On VMAT, the total MU which used and the total of delivery treatment
time, on full arc technique is greater than the half arc technique. Results of the study
the dose rate necessary for VMAT technique of full arc lower than the technique of
half arc, VMAT technique full arc more homogeneous and conformity compared to
the technique of half arc. The measurement of the dose point of use TLD is more
effective than the use of the film, where deviations dose average using TLD between
3.79 to 5.76 % for target and 6.36 to 9.3 % for organ at risk (OAR), and the use of
film between 5.69 to 11.85 % for target and 34.4 to 215.76 % for OAR.]"
2016
T45202
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Joan, Saint
Middlesex: Penguin Books, [date of publication not identified]
920.72 JOA s
Buku Teks SO  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Chrysler Learning Inc., 1983
671.52 BAS
Buku Teks SO  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Wahyu Firmansyah
"Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan pengolahan skala kecil pasir besi menjadi ingot besi dengan proses reduksi langsung menggunakan electric muffle furnace pada suhu 1350oC dengan variasi waktu pembakaran 5, 10, 15 dan 20 menit. Komposisi pellet yang digunakan adalah pasir besi : grafit : kapur : bentonit berturut-turut 74:20:5:1 wt %. Dengan komposisi pellet yang sama dilakukan penelitian dalam skala lebih besar dan digunakan electric arc furnace sebagai alat pembakaran. Telah didapatkan hasil dari penelitian ini ingot besi berupa pig iron dengan kandungan besi 96,58 % dan karbon 3,40 %. Persen metalisasi yang diperoleh adalah 49,15 %. Pada slag masih terdapat besi dalam bentuk senyawa Fe2TiO4 dan FeO, yang membuktikan bahwa proses reduksi belum berjalan sempurna.

In this experiment has been done laboratory scale processing of iron sand to be iron igot by direct reduction using electric muffle furnace at 1350oC by variying of burning time 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes. The pellet was constituted by iron sand, graphite, limestone, and bentonite with composition of 74:20:5:1 wt % respectively. Using the similar composition, the experiment with larger scale has been conducted using electric arc furnace as a burning apparatus. From the experiments, iron ingot in the form of pig iron with iron content of 96,58 % and carbon content of 3,40 % has been yielded. The metallization process yielded 49,15 %. In the slag, there are still remain iron in the form of Fe2TiO4 and FeO compounds, which has proved that reduction process was still not conducted perfectly."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2009
T29080
UI - Tesis Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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"Phase trnasformation temperature of shape memory alloy - Tini produced by arc - melting technique. The observation of phase trnasformation temperature of Tini alloys produced by arc - melting technique was carried out by alloying Ti - 53%w Ni. Tini alloys were tempered at 900oC and then followed by quenching at 20oC and 5oC and finally were aged at 400oC for 1,4 and 16 hours. The Ti-53%. Ni alloyed is applied to obtain as shape memory alloys base on Tini . The Tini sample was analyzed by optical microscope, X - ray diffraction and simultaneous symmetrical thermoanalyzer (STA) . The result show that the martensitic phase has a structure of BCT (bODY CENTER TETRAGONAL) formed at room temperarure. The phase transformation temperature from martensitic - austensitic phase was taken place at (162+5)oC"
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Yunita Sadeli
"Penelitian yang akan dikembangkan adalah material pelat bipolar polimer komposit berbasis karbon, terdiri dari epoksi resin dan hardener sebagai binder, sedangkan grafit, carbon black (CB) dan tabung nano berdinding banyak (multiwall carbon nanotube-MWCNT) sebagai penguat (reinforcement) dan pengisi (filler). Berbagai komposisi material serta variasi proses kompresi dilakukan untuk mendapatkan optimasi pelat bipolar yang memenuhi persyaratan, oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan dalam beberapa tahapan. Pada tahapan awal penelitian, bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah grafit limbah elektroda electric arc furnace (grafit EAF) dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan grafit sintetis sebagai reinforcement material dalam polimer karbon komposit. Pelat bipolar berbasis grafit EAF yang berukuran partikel < 44 µm dan pelat bipolar berbasis grafit sintetis berukuran partikel < 55 µm dicampur dengan carbon black (CB) pada interval komposisi dari (0; 2.5; 5; 7.5; 10; 12.5; 15; 17.5 dan 20) wt%. Proses kompresi dilakukan pada tekanan 30 MPa dan temperatur 70 0C. Sifat pelat bipolar dengan penguat (reinforcement) yang berasal dari grafit sintetis atau grafit EAF menunjukkan hasil yang relatif sama untuk ke empat jenis pengujian yaitu pengujian densitas, porositas, kekuatan fleksural dan konduktivitas listrik pada penambahan CB (5 dan 10) wt%. Hasil pengujian dengan penambahan polimer konduktif polianilin (PANI) pada rentang konsentrasi dari (0.027; 0.054; 0.081 dan 0.108) %wt memberikan konfirmasi dan justifikasi bahwa grafit EAF dapat digunakan sebagai reinforcement untuk menggantikan grafit sintetis. Penelitian pada tahapan lanjut hanya menggunakan grafit EAF dan CB yang berasal dari serabut kelapa hasil proses pirolisis pada temperatur 600 0C dalam lingkungan nitrogen. Variabel penelitian mencakup variasi tekanan dan temperatur kompresi, variasi ukuran partikel baik untuk grafit maupun CB. Kekuatan fleksural optimum dicapai pada tekanan kompresi 55 MPa dan temperatur kompresi 100 0C sebesar (48 ? 48.24) MPa, telah memenuhi persyaratan pelat bipolar DOE yaitu > 25 MPa. Nilai densitas seluruh hasil pengujian (1.69 ? 1.78) gr/cm3lebih kecil dari 5 gr/cm3, hal ini juga telah memenuhi persyaratan sebuah pelat bipolar yang ringan. Hasil pengujian untuk porositas berkisar antara (0.36-0.70) %. Pelat bipolar dengan komposisi CB 5 wt%, temperatur kompresi pada 100 0C serta tekanan kompresi pada 55 MPa memberikan hasil yang relatif lebih baik dibandingkan dengan komposisi CB 10 wt%. Penambahan MWCNT bertujuan untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanik dan listrik pada pelat bipolar yang dihasilkan dari penelitian sebelumnya. Nilai densitas terendah dan kekuatan fleksural tertinggi dihasilkan pada komposisi 90grafit EAF/5CB/5MWCNT yaitu sebesar 1.52 gr/cm3 untuk densitas dan 63.71 MPa untuk kekuatan fleksural. Nilai konduktivitas tertinggi dari seluruh tahapan penelitian diperoleh dari pelat bipolar dengan komposisi 95grafit EAF/2CB/3MWCNT yaitu sebesar 8.94 S/cm.

This research will examine the utilization of an alternative material to obtain bipolar plates that are light, affordable, and can be mass produced. The research that will be developed is to create carbon-based composite bipolar plate material consisting of epoxy resin and hardener as a binder, graphite, carbon black (CB) and multiwall carbon nano-tube (MWCNT) as a reinforcement or filler material. Various material compositions and variations made to get the compression molding process optimization of bipolar plates that meet requirements that can be obtained by several stages. We investigated whether graphite electrode waste from electric arc furnace (EAF) can subtitute graphite synthetic as a reinforcement material for polymer carbon composite. Bipolar plate based on graphite EAF has particle size < 44 micron, and bipolar plate based on graphite synthetic with particle size of < 55 micron mixing with carbon black (CB) from 0-20% w/w at intervals of 2.5% w/w. The materials are molded using compression hot press machine (30 MPa, 70oC). Samples are tested for: density, porosity, flexural, and electric conductivity, indicated the bipolar plate characteristics with graphite synthetic or graphite EAF showed the same results relatively. Further research showed that the characteristics of synthetic graphite-based bipolar plates and graphite EAF were influenced by the addition of conductive polymers such as polyaniline at interval concentration from 0,027 w/w; 0,054w/w; 0,081 w/w and 0,108 w/w. These results provide confirmation and justification that graphite is used subsequently derived from EAF graphite as reinforcement and the CB additions at (5 and 10) w/w used as a filler material bipolar plates. We then used graphite EAF and CB resulting from pyrolysis process of coconut husk at 600 0C for 10 hours in nitrogen environment. Research variable covered of variety of pressure and temperature compression, variety of particle sizes of graphite EAF or CB. Flexural strength was recorded to be optimum at 48.24 MPa (at 45 MPa, 100 0C), which fulfilled the requirement of bipolar plate > 25 MPa. Density test for all EAF graphite based bipolar plates less than 5 g/cm3. In addition, the porosity for all samples were under 2% (0.36 %-1.92%). Properties of bipolar plates with CB 5 w/w (at 55 MPa, 100 0C and pyrolysis temperature at 900 0C) showed relatively better results compared with CB 10 w/w. The effect of MWCNT improved mechanical and electrical properties. The lowest density value and the highest flexural strength achieved at composition of 90graphite EAF/5CB/5MWCNT of 1.53 g/cm3 for density and 63.71 MPa for flexural strength. The highest conductiviy value from of all research stages achieved from composition of 95graphite EAF/2CB/3MWCNT of 8.94 S.cm-1."
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2013
D1420
UI - Disertasi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Siregar, Atas
"ABSTRAK
Keselamatan dari bahaya arc flash telah menjadi persyaratan dalam pengoperasian
suatu instalasi listrik di lapangan migas lepas pantai. Kejadian arc flash tidak hanya
mengancam keselamatan pekerja dan fasilitas tersebut tetapi juga bisa mengakibatkan
kegagalan produksi yang sangat mahal. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi bahaya arc flash
ini ialah menurunkan trip setting alat proteksi sehingga alat proteksi bisa berkerja secepat
mungkin untuk menghilangkan kejadian arc flash. Namun penurunan trip setting alat proteksi
ini harus optimal sehingga tetap bisa menjamin kehandalan alat proteksi terhadap ganguan,
selain juga bisa mengurangi energi arc flash. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis
pengurangan energi arc flash dengan mengoptimasi koordinasi alat proteksi pada instalasi
listrik di lapangan ABC, sebuah lapangan migas lepas pantai di Laut Natuna. Hasil analisis
memperlihatkan energi arc flash system bisa dikurangi sampai batas yang diperbolehkan
tanpa mengorbankan kehandalan alat proteksi terhadap gangguan. Pada bagian akhir
dipaparkan analisis ekonomi yang memperlihatkan pengurangan energi arc flash dengan
optimasi koordinasi alat proteksi di lapangan migas ABC dapat diterima secara bisnis karena
memberikan keuntungan yaitu mengurangi biaya tidak tetap akibat kejadian arc flash dengan
NPV (Net Present Value) sebesar USD 675.932.

ABSTRACT
Electrical safety from arc flash hazard has become requirement for operation of an
offshore oil platform. During it?s operation, arc flash is always become potential hazard that
not only threaten personal and facility safety, but also can cause very expensive production
loss. One solution to reduce arc flash hazard is reducing protection device trip setting to
make it working faster to isolate fault. But reducing protection devices shall be optimum that
it shall be able to maintain reliability from inadvertant trip as well as reducing arc flash
energy. In this research, analysis of arc flash reduction by optimizing protection device
coordination will be conducted at electrical instalation in field ABC, offshore oil platform in
Laut Natuna. Study result shows optimizing protection device setting can reduce arc flash
incident energy till meet allowable limit without sacrifice realiability of power supply. At the
end, economical analysis is also carried out that shows above investment can be accepted due
to give benefit for preventing loss due to arc flash equivalent with cost NPV (Net Present
Value) USD 675.932."
2016
T45753
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Mohd Idris Shah Ismail
"Plasma arc surface hardening is an alternative selective surface hardening method that is effective, economical and a promising technology in heat treatment industries. In the present work, an investigation was carried out to study the hardness distributions of multiple passes in
surface hardening of tool steel by plasma arc. The effects of multiple passes with overlapping and non-overlapping scans were investigated. The results show that the hardness is higher at centre of the plasma arc hardening tracks, and then decreasing in the region adjacent to each plasma arc track. It was found that the formation of hardened zone hardness in multiple passes non-overlapping scan is more uniform on the each scan when compared to the overlapping scan. However, hardness distribution of overlapping scan in width direction shows that it was more uniform compared with non-overlapping scan."
Depok: Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, 2014
UI-IJTECH 5:1 (2014)
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Vendan, S. Arungalai
"This book presents the fundamentals of arc phenomena, various arc welding power sources, their control strategies, welding data acquisition, and welding optimization. In addition, it discusses a broad range of electrical concepts in welding, including power source characteristics, associated parameters, arc welding power source classification, control strategies, data acquisitions techniques, as well as optimization methods. It also offers advice on how to minimize the flaws and improve the efficacy and performance of welds, as well as insights into the mechanical behavior expressed in terms of electromagnetic phenomena, which is rarely addressed. The book provides a comprehensive review of interdisciplinary concepts, offering researchers a wide selection of strategies, parameters, and sequences of operations to choose from."
Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019
e20501691
eBooks  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Sarjito Jokosisworo
"Dalam pembangunan maupun reparasi kapal pekerjaan pengelasan adalah hal yang penting. Kapal rerupakan konstruksi terapung yang harus memiliki kekuatan, kecepatan dan stabilitas. Pada badan kapal bekerja gaya tekan air (hidrostatis), pada waktu berlayar mendapat gaya tekan dan tarik yang silih berganti akibat kapal di puncak gelombang(hogging) dan dilembah gelombang(sagging). Bahkan pada saat kapal bermuatan penuh atau pada saat di dok kapal harus dapat mempertahankan kekuatannya.
Berdasarkan hal di atas maka pengelasan pada badan kapal harus memenuhi persyaratan-persyaratan yang telah ditetapkan oleh suatu badan yang disebut biro klasifikasi yang mengeluarkan peraturan tentang badan dan las kapal. Submerged Arc Welding atau las busur rendant adalah salah satu pengelasan yang banyak digunakan di perkapalan saat ini.
Pada pengelasan ini di pakai kawat elektroda tidak terbungkus sedangkan serbuk pelindung(flux) ditaburkan. Pada pengelasan ini busur listrik terbentuk diantara logam inc[uk dengan ujung elektrode. Karena panas dari busur ini maka logam induk dan ujung elektrode tersebut mencair dan keraudian mecnbeku bersama. Proses pemindahan logam elektrode terjadi pada saat ujung elektrode mencair membentuk butir-butir yang terbawa oleh arus listrik yang terjadi. Halus kasarnya butiran logam elektrode yang terbentuk, tergantung pada besar kecil arus listrik."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 1995
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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