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"Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji kemampuan tiga strain R. delemar UICC 27, UICC 67 dan UICC 121 dalam memfermentasi campuran lumpur dan bungkil sawit 3:1 dan 4:1 nonsteril serta 3:1 dan 4:1 steril, selanjutnya menganalisis perubahan komposisi karbohidrat, protein, lemak, dan abu campuran limbah sebelum dan setelah fermentasi. Data pendukung meliputi pengamatan morfologi, penghitungan jumlah sel/mL, kepadatan miselium, sporulasi; serta pengamatan campuran lumpur dan bungkil sawit meliputi warna, aroma, pH dan kekompakan. Kemampuan fermentasi ditandai dengan pertumbuhan ketiga strain R. delemar pada campuran limbah. Rhizopus delemar UICC 27, UICC 67 dan UICC 121, menunjukkan tidak ada pertumbuhan pada campuran lumpur:bungkil sawit 3:1 dan 4:1 nonsteril. Rhizopus delemar UICC 27, UICC 67 dan UICC 121, menunjukkan ada pertumbuhan pada campuran lumpur:bungkil sawit 3:1 dan 4:1 steril. Konsentrasi inokulum sebesar 10 v/b , dengan jumlah sel awal sebanyak 1x107 CFU/mL digunakan dalam campuran dengan berat total 20 g. Hasil enumerasi menunjukkan bahwa terjadi pertumbuhan tiga strain R. delemar pada campuran lumpur dan bungkil 3:1 steril, dan ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan jumlah sel. Pertumbuhan tercepat dan peningkatan jumlah sel terbanyak ditunjukkan oleh R. delemar UICC 67 menjadi 5,5x108CFU/mL, selanjutnya strain UICC 121 menjadi 3,8x108CFU/mL dan UICC 27 menjadi 3,8x108CFU/mL. UICC 67 dipilih sebagai strain potensial untuk memfermentasi campuran limbah dan bungkil sawit 3:1 nonsteril dan steril. Hasil analisis menunjukkan R. delemar UICC 67 mampu mengubah komposisi campuran limbah setelah lima hari fermentasi. Rhizopus delemar strain UICC 67 mampu meningkatkan kandungan karbohidrat dan protein pada campuran limbah steril sebanyak 21,70 dan 30,76 secara berturut-turut, serta menurunkan kandungan lemak total dan kadar abu sebanyak 46,11 dan 15,26 secara berturut-turut.

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This study was to test the ability of the three strains of R. delemar UICC 27, UICC 67 and UICC 121 fermenting a mixture of slurry and palm kernel cake 3:1 dan 4:1 nonsterile and 3:1 dan 4:1 sterile, also analyzing the composition carbohydrates, protein, lipid, and ash of mixtures of slurry and palm kernel cake before and after fermentation. Supporting data includes morphological observation, counting the number of cell, the density of mycelia, sporulation and also observation of the substrate before and after fermentation include color, aroma, pH and compactness. Fermentation ability indicated by the growth of the three strains of R. delemar in the waste mixture. Rhizopus delemar UICC 27, UICC 67 and UICC 121 showed no growth in mixture of slurry and palm kernel cake 3:1 and 4:1 nonsterile. Rhizopus delemar UICC 27, UICC 67 and UICC 121 showed growth in mixture of slurry and palm kernel cake 3:1 and 4:1 sterile. Inoculum concentration of 10 v/w of the total weight from the mixtures as much as 20 g with initial cell number 1x107 CFU mL. The results showed, there are growth of the three strains of R. delemar in the waste mixture with the increased number of cells. The fastest growth and the highest number of cells showed by UICC 67 became 5,5x107 CFU mL. Second, by UICC 27 became 3,8x107 CFU mL, and then by UICC 121 became 3,8x107 CFU mL. Strain R. delemar UICC 67 selected as a potential strain to ferment the mixtures of slurry palm kernel cake 3:1 nonsterile and sterile. The results of the analysis of slurry palm kernel cake 3:1 sterile showed increased in carbohydrate and protein content by 21,70 and 30,76 respectively, and decreased lipid and ash content by 46,11 and 15,26 respectively."

"ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji kemampuan tiga strain R. microsporus UICC500, UICC 531, dan UICC 539 dalam memfermentasi campuran lumpur danbungkil sawit 3:1 dan 4:1 nonsteril, serta 3:1 dan 4:1 steril, selanjutnya menganalisis perubahan komposisi karbohidrat, lemak, protein, air, dan abu campuran limbah setelah fermentasi. Konsentrasi inokulum sebesar 10 v/b ,dengan jumlah sel awal sebanyak 1x107 CFU/mL digunakan dalam campurandengan berat total 20g. Kemampuan R. microsporus memfermentasi campuran lumpur dan bungkil sawit ditunjukkan melalui pertumbuhan R. microsporus padacampuran limbah sawit, yaitu morfologi, jumlah sel/mL, kepadatan miselium, dansporulasi; pengamatan pada campuran limbah sawit, yaitu warna, kekompakan,aroma, dan pH; serta perubahan komposisi campuran limbah sawit. Hasilpengamatan mengindikasikan Rhizopus microsporus UICC 500, UICC 531, danUICC 539 tidak memfermentasi campuran lumpur dan bungkil 4:1 nonsterilyang ditunjukkan dengan tidak ada pertumbuhan ketiga strain tersebut. Rhizopusmicrosporus UICC 539 memfermentasi campuran lumpur dan bungkil sawit 3:1 nonsteril, 3:1 steril, 4:1 steril yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya pertumbuhan.Rhizopus microsporus UICC 500 dan UICC 531 memfermentasi campuran lumpur dan bungkil sawit 3:1 dan 4:1 steril yang ditunjukkan dengan adanyapertumbuhan. Pertumbuhan tercepat dan jumlah sel terbanyak pada campuranlumpur dan bungkil sawit 3:1 steril ditunjukkan oleh R. microsporus UICC 539yaitu 1,77 x108 CFU/mL, selanjutnya R. microsporus UICC 531 yaitu 1,35 x108CFU/mL, dan R. microsporus UICC 500 yaitu 1,3 x 108 CFU/mL. Rhizopusmicrosporus UICC 539 dapat mengubah komposisi campuran lumpur dan bungkil 3:1 steril setelah lima hari fermentasi, yaitu dapat meningkatkan kandunganprotein, karbohidrat, dan abu pada campuran limbah steril sebanyak 16 , 1,71 ,dan 17,5 secara berturut-turut, serta menurunkan kandungan lemak dan airsebanyak 48 dan 0,1.

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ABSTRACT This study aims to test the ability of three strains of R. microsporus UICC 500,531 UICC and UICC 539 to ferment slurry and kernel cake mixtures 3 1 and4 1 non sterile, and 3 1 and 4 1 sterile, then analyzes the composition change carbohydrates, fats, protein, water and ash of waste mixtures after fermentation.Fermentation of slurry and palm kernel cake mixtures with inoculumconcentration of 10 v w of the total weight from the mixtures as much as 20 gwith initial cell number 1x107 CFU mL. Rhizopus microsporus was able toferment slurry and kernel cake mixtures, showed by growth of R. microsporus onwaste mixtures, includes morphology, number of cells mL, density of mycelium,and sporulation the observation of slurry and kernel cake mixtures, includes color,compactness, odor, and pH, and also the change of waste mixtures rsquo s composition.The observation results indicated that R. microsporus UICC 500, UICC 531, andUICC 539 were unable to ferment the slurry and kernel cake 4 1 non sterilemixtures, showed by no growth. Rhizopus microsporus UICC 539 was able toferment the slurry and kernel cake mixtures 3 1 non sterile, 3 1 sterile, 4 1 sterile, indicated by growth on the mixtures. Rhizopus microsporus UICC 500 andUICC 531 was able to ferment slurry and kernel cake mixtures 3 1 and 4 1 sterile, showed by growth on the mixtures. The fastest growth and the highestnumber of cells showed by Rhizopus microsporus UICC 539 with 1.77 x108CFU mL, then Rhizopus microsporus UICC 531 with 1.35 x108 CFU mL, and R.microsporus UICC 500 with 1.3 x108 CFU mL on slurry and kernel cake mixtures 3 1 sterile. Rhizopus microsporus UICC 539 was able to change the compositionof slurry and kernel cake 3 1 sterile mixtures after five days fermentation. Theprotein, carbohydrates, and ash content increased by 16 , 1.71 , and 17.5 ,respectively, whereas fats and water content decreased by 48 and 0.1 ,respectively."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan Rhizopus azygosporus UICC 539 di medium Potato Sucrose Agar (PSA) pada suhu 51°C, 52°C, 53°C, 54°C, 55°C, mengetahui kemampuan R. azygosporus UICC 539 untuk memfermentasi campuran lumpur dan bungkil sawit (3:1) steril pada suhu 30C dan 40C dengan Solid-State Fermentation (SSF), dan analisis komposisi campuran lumpur dan bungkil sawit (3:1) steril setelah pertumbuhan R. azygosporus UICC 539. Persiapan inokulum dengan menumbuhkan kapang dalam Potato Sucrose Broth (PSB) secara fermentasi pada suhu 30C dan 40C selama 5 hari. Inokulum (10%, v/v) ditambahkan ke dalam campuran lumpur sawit dan bungkil sawit (3:1) dalam cawan Petri (diameter 9 cm) pada 30C dan 40C selama 5 hari. Analisis nutrien pada fermentasi campuran lumpur dan bungkil sawit berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI-01-2891-1992). Parameter yang diuji yaitu, energi total, energi dari lemak, kadar air, kadar abu, lemak total, protein, dan karbohidrat total. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan R. azygosporus UICC 539 tidak tumbuh pada PSA di suhu 51, 52, 53, 54, 55C. Strain tersebut dapat memfermentasi campuran lumpur dan bungkil sawit (3:1) steril pada suhu 30°C dan 40°C dengan SSF. Pertumbuhan R. azygosporus UICC 539 pada campuran limbah menunjukkan peningkatan kadar air dan abu, penurunan kadar protein, total kalori dan kandungan karbohidrat. Tidak ada perubahan kalori dari lemak dan kadar lemak total dibandingkan dengan kontrol.

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This study aims to determine the growth temperature of Rhizopus azygosporus UICC 539 in Potato Sucrose Agar (PSA) at 51°C, 52°C, 53°C, 54°C, 55°C, to determine the ability of R. azygosporus UICC 539 to ferment mixture of slurry and palm kernel cake (3:1) sterile at 30°C and 40°C with Solid-State Fermentation (SSF), and analysis of the composition of a mixture of sterile slurry and palm kernel cake (3:1) after the growth of R. azygosporus UICC 539. Inoculum preparation by growing the mold in Potato Sucrose Broth (PSB) by fermentation at 30°C and 40°C for 5 days. Inocula (10%, v/v) were added to the mixture of slurry and palm kernel cake (3:1) in Petri dishes (9 cm diameter) at 30°C and 40°C for 5 days. Nutrient analysis in the mixed fermentation of slurry and palm kernel cake was carried out based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI-01-2891-1992). The parameters tested were total energy, energy from fat, moisture content, ash content, total fat, protein, and total carbohydrates. The results showed that R. azygosporus UICC 539 did not grow on PSA at 51, 52, 53, 54, 55C. The strain could ferment a mixture of slurry and palm kernel cake (3:1) sterile at 30°C and 40°C with SSF. The growth of R. azygosporus UICC 539 in the waste mixture showed an increase in water and ash content, a decrease in protein content, total calories and carbohydrate content. There were no changes in calories from fat and total fat content compared to controls."