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"Anak usia 0-23 tahun merupakan masa golden period namun sangat rentan mengalami kurang gizi yang akan mengganggu pertumbuhan baik fisik maupun otak anak. Gangguan pertumbuhan pada masa ini bersifat irreversible. Penyakit infeksi menjadi salah satu penyebab langsung anak mengalami kekurangan gizi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan penyakit infeksi (ISPA, diare, kecacingan, campak, TB paru, Pnemonia) dengan wasting dan underweight pada anak usia 0-23 bulan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan design studi cross sectional dengan menggunakan data SSGI 2021 dengan jumlah sampel 32.084 balita. Pada hasil penelitian proporsi underweight 14,32%, wasting 9,56% dan penyakit infeksi 31,54%. Anak dengan riwayat infeksi memiliki risiko 1,03 kali lebih tinggi untuk wasting dibandingkan anak tanpa riwayat penyakit infeksi setelah dikontrol dengan variabel berat badan saat lahir serta IMD dan tidak bermakna secara statistik. Sedangkan anak dengan penyakit infeksi berisiko 1,1 kali (95% CI:1,00-1,14) lebih tinggi untuk underweight dibandingkan anak tanpa riwayat penyakit infeksi setelah dikontrol dengan variabel usia anak serta berat badan saat lahir dan bermakna secara statistik.

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Children aged 0-23 years are the golden period but are very vulnerable to malnutrition which will interfere with the growth of both the physical and brain of the child. Growth disturbance at this time is irreversible. Infectious diseases are one of the direct causes of children experiencing malnutrition. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between infectious diseases (ARI, diarrhea, helminthiasis, measles, pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumonia) with wasting and underweight in children aged 0-23 months in Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional study design using SSGI 2021 data with a total sample of 32,084 toddlers. In the results of the study the proportion of underweight was 14.32%, wasting was 9.56% and infectious disease was 31.54%. Children with a history of infection had a 1.03 times higher risk of wasting than children without a history of infectious disease after controlling for birth weight and IMD variables and were not statistically significant. Meanwhile, children with infectious diseases had a 1.1 times (95% CI: 1.00-1.14) higher risk of being underweight than children without a history of infectious diseases after controlling for the variables of child's age and birth weight and statistically significant."

"Kurang gizi pada balita 0-23 bulan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat diProvinsi DKI Jakarta. Pada tahun 2017 prevalensi underweight di Provinsi DKI Jakarta tergolong prevalensi medium 14,5, sementara wasting tergolong serius, sedangkanuntuk stunting termasuk rendah 18,1. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan energi, asupan protein, asupan lemak, keragaman jenis makanan, frekuensi pemberian makanan, ASI eksklusif, inisiasi menyusu dini, penimbangaan berat badan, pemberian kapsul vitamin A, riwayat pendidikan formal ibu dan status ibubekerja dengan kurang gizi pada Balita 0-23 bulan di Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2017.Kurang gizi diukur menggunakan Compocite Index of Anthropometric Failure CIAF. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 658 balita 0-23 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi kurang gizi pada Balita 0-23 bulan dengan indikator CIAF jauh lebih tinggi 31,9 dibandingkan dengan indikator BB/U,PB/U, dan BB/PB. Asupan protein, keragaman jenis makanan, pemberian kapsulvitamin A dan status bekerja ibu berhubungan signifikan dengan kurang gizi. Faktor dominan adalah asupan protein. Balita yang mengkonsumsi protein kurang memiliki risiko sebesar 4,8 kali 95 CI: 0.599-38.746 untuk mengalami kurang gizi dibandingkan Balita yang mengkonsumsi protein cukup. Terdapat interaksi antaraasupan protein dan keragaman jenis makanan. Interaksi tersebut saling melemahkan terhadap kejadian kurang gizi.

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Undernutrition in under five children 0 23 months is still a public health problem in DKI Jakarta Province. In 2017, the prevalence of underweight in DKI Jakarta is classified as medium prevalence 14.5, while wasting is considered serious, meanwhile stunting is low 18.1. The objectives of the study were to investigate the relationship between energy intake, protein intake, fat intake, food diversity, feeding frequency, exclusive breastfeeding, early breastfeeding initiation, weight monitoring,vitamin A capsule supplementation, maternal formal education and maternal working status with undernutrition in under five children 0 23 months. Undernutrition was measured using the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure CIAF. This research use cross sectional design with number of sample 658.

The results showed prevalence of undernutrition using CIAF indicator is much higher 31.9 compared with BB U, PB U, and BB PB indicators. Protein intake, dietary diversity, vitamin A capsule supplementation and maternal working status were significantly associated with undernutrition. The dominant factor is protein intake. Toddlers who consumed less protein had 4.8 times higher risk 95 CI 0.599 38.746 to experience undernutrition compared to toddlers who consumed enough protein. There is an interaction between protein intake and food diversity. The interactions are mutually debilitating to theincidence of undernutrition."