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"This paper describes the historical origin of Indonesia's First Competition Law, which was enacted on 5 March 1999. The paper argues that a proper competition policy includes both: (1) market-opening or competition-promoting policies that enhance competition in national and local markets and (2) a competition law (sometimes referred to as art anti-monopoly or anti-trust law). The paper offers several critical notes on the Competition Law and argues that three major issues need to be taken into account in a future revision of the Law to ensure a consistent approach to the Law, namely:1. Clarity in the definition of the goals of the Competition Law;2. Universal application of the Law to alt business actors;3. Clear division between market share and anti-competitive business conduct."

"Akuisisi Tokopedia oleh TikTok menimbulkan berbagai implikasi dalam konteks persaingan usaha di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak akuisisi tersebut terhadap persaingan di pasar Indonesia berdasarkan perspektif hukum persaingan usaha. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian doktrinal, yang mengkaji secara mendalam aturan-aturan hukum yang relevan serta dokumen dan literatur yang berkaitan dengan kasus ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akuisisi ini berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi operasional kedua perusahaan, namun juga menimbulkan kekhawatiran terhadap praktik monopoli dan penurunan tingkat persaingan di pasar. Analisis dilakukan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang persaingan usaha di Indonesia, termasuk Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktik Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun ada manfaat dari segi efisiensi, pengawasan ketat diperlukan untuk memastikan tidak terjadi pelanggaran terhadap prinsip-prinsip persaingan usaha yang sehat. Rekomendasi diberikan kepada otoritas terkait untuk meningkatkan pengawasan dan penerapan regulasi agar tercipta pasar yang kompetitif dan adil.

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The acquisition of Tokopedia by TikTok has various implications for business competition in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the impact of the acquisition on competition in the Indonesian market from the perspective of competition law. The research method employed is doctrinal research, which involves an in-depth examination of relevant legal rules as well as documents and literature related to this case. The findings indicate that while the acquisition has the potential to enhance the operational efficiency of both companies, it also raises concerns about monopolistic practices and a decline in market competition. The analysis focuses on competition law regulations in Indonesia, including Law No. 5 of 1999 on the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition. This study concludes that despite the efficiency benefits, strict supervision is required to ensure adherence to healthy competition principles. Recommendations are made to relevant authorities to enhance supervision and enforcement of regulations to create a competitive and fair market."

"Pesatnya perkembangan ekonomi digital di Indonesia membuat urgensi kebijakan persaingan di Indonesia untuk lebih mengatur persaingan di pasar digital, khususnya di marketplace. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tindakan Abusive Self-Preferencing oleh Amazon Marketplace dari Perspektif Hukum Persaingan Usaha Indonesia dengan menganalisis Putusan Otoritas Persaingan Italia nomor A528 tentang kasus FBA Amazon, dan membandingkannya dengan potensi kasus serupa terjadi di Indonesia melalui marketplace nomor satu di Indonesia, Tokopedia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan kasus. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa keputusan Otoritas Persaingan Italia tersebut memperkuat kekhawatiran bahwa preferensi diri sebagai teori kerugian baru dan independen tidak memiliki batasan yang jelas yang menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum yang tidak dapat diprediksi. Hasil penelitian ini menyarankan KPPU dan Pemerintah Indonesia untuk membuat pedoman dalam bentuk regulasi yang mengatur persaingan usaha di pasar multi- sisi, dan mendefinisikan tindakan Abusive Self-Preferencing sebagai teori kerugian baru di bawah penyalahgunaan posisi dominan.

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The rapid development of digital economy in Indonesia create an urgency for competition policy in Indonesia to further regulates competition in digital markets, particularly in marketplace. This research paper aims to analyze Abusive Self- Preferencing Act by Amazon Marketplace from the Perspective of Indonesian Competition Law by analyzing Italian Competition Authority’s Decision Case number A528 regarding FBA by Amazon, and comparing it with the potential for the similar case to happen in Indonesia through Indonesia’s the number one marketplace, Tokopedia. The research method used in this research is juridical normative which is done with laws and regulations approach, conceptual approach, and cases approach. This research finds that the Italian Competition Authority's decision reinforces concerns that self-preferencing as a new and independent theory of harm lacks clear boundaries which creates legal uncertainty and unpredictability. The result of this research suggests KPPU and Indonesian Government to create guidance in the form of regulation that regulates business competition in multi- sided markets and define abusive self-preferencing act as a new theory of harm under abuse of dominant position."