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Abstrak :
The most characteristic in clinical finding of thalassemia are anemia, facies Cooley, and enlargement of the spleen and liver. Osseous alterations occur in response to marrow overstimulation due to ineffective erythropoiesis these alterations result in changes of the skeletal architecture which is most typically reflected in the maxillofacial appearance of the patients. Uncontrolled maxillary overgrowth and procumebency of the anterior teeth make facial disfigurement (Asbell,1969). The therapy of thalassemia is focussed on treating the anemia by giving blood transfusions. It is believed that blood transfusion could prevent bone deformities (Karagiorga-Lagana 1988). Even though dentoskeletal deformity was found in many thalassemia children, not much attention has been given yet to the maxillofacial aspect. The effect but also in the alteration of mastication function. The condition of thalassemia children usually undernourish and anorexia caused by anemia. The dysfunction of mastication made the condition became worse. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the deformity of dentoskeletal. The purpose of this study was to evaluate growth in thalassemia children. The result of this study revealed that dentoskeletal of thalassemia children in general had smaller size than normal, but not well proportion vertically caused by lower face. The skeletal profile was more convex than normal and indicated class II skeletal due to retruded mandible. The factor of age influenced all linear skeletal and dentoskeletal component, and only one angular skeletal components (SNB). the mean level of hemoglobin pretransfusion influenced the posterior cranial base, skelet of palatal, maxilla and posterior face of thalassemia children.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang. Flat fool adalah salah satu kelainan kaki yang sering dijumpai pada penderita artritis reumatoid. Selain nyeri yang disebabkan oleh penyakitnya, penderita AR juga dapat mengalami nyeri akibat flat foot. Selama ini kita selalu menganggap nyeri kaki dan gangguan berjalan pada penderita AR selalu disebabkan oleh AR, padahal mungkin juga akibat flat fool. Di Amerika prevalensi flat foot sebesar 50%. Untuk itu ingin diketahui proporsi kelainan ini pada penderita AR yang mengunjungi poliklinik reumatologi RSCM, serta gambaran dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Tujuan. (1) Mengetahui proporsi flat foot pada penderita AR. (2) Mengetahui rasio odds faktor-faktor lama menderita penyakit (LMP), Disease Activity Score (DAS), dan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) terhadap kejadianflat foot pada penderita AR. Metodologi. Dilakukan studi potong lintang pada penderita AR dengan keluhan kaki yang berobat ke poliklinik reumatologi RSCM untuk mengamati gambaran cetak kaki, dan kelainan kaki yang diderita, IMT, DAS, dan LMP. Gambaran kelainan kaki pada penderita AR disajikan dalam bentuk statistik deskriptif. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi flat foot dianalisa dengan uji chi square serta perhitungan rasio odds. Hasil. Selama periode Juli - September 2005 terkumpul sebanyak 52 orang penderita AR di Poliklinik Reumatologi Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta. Dua orang tidak sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi, sehingga hanya 50 orang yang dapat dianalisa. Ditemukan proporsi kelainan ini sebesar 40% (11(95% 26% - 53%). Pengujian bivariat menggunakan uji chi square menemukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian flat foot ialah IMT (P = 0,03; 012 = 3,7; IK95% 1,1 - 12,2) dan DAS (P = 0,047; OR = 0,2; IK 95% 0,03 - 0,9). Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang paling berperan, dilakukan uji multivariat terhadap faktor-faktor dengan P < 0,25 (LMP, DAS, dan IMT). Ditemukan faktor yang paling berperan ialah IMT (P = 0,05; OR = 3,5;IK95% 0,99 - 12,2). Kesimpulan. Proporsi kelainan flat foot pada penderita AR yang berobat di Poliklinik Reumatologi RSCM tidak berbeda dengan penelitian di Amerika. Faktor risiko yang berhubungan ialah IMT. Penelitian ini tidak menemukan hubungan LMP dan DAS terhadap kejadian. Flat foot pada penderita AR.

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Background. Flat foot, as one of the deformities found on Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients, also causes pain. In the case of RA patients, we often thought foot pain or gait disturbances were caused by pain from RA, on the other hand they might be caused by flat foot. Study in United States of America (USA) revealed the prevalence of flat foot were 50%. For this reason we would like to know the proportion of these deformities among RA patients visiting the rheumatology outpatient unit in dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital, and factors which influenced it. Objectives. To find : (1) the proportion of flat foot on RA patient, (2) the odds ratios of Body Mass Index, disease duration, and Disease Activity Score on the prevalence of flat foot in RA patients. Methods. A cross sectional study was done on RA patients with lower extremity complaints who came to Rheumatology outpatient unit at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta. The study was done by observing foot print, foot deformities, Body Mass Index (BMI), Disease Activity Score (DAS), and disease duration. The description of flat foot was presented in the form of descriptive statistics. Factors which influenced flat foot were analyzed using chi square method and odds ratios measurements. Results. We observed 52 patients with RA during July - September 2005 in rheumatology outpatient unit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Two patients did not conform inclusion criteria, thus excluded from this study. We found the proportion of flat foot in those patients was 40% (95% CI = 26% to 53%). Bivariate analysis using chi square method revealed BMI (P = 0.03, OR = 3.7 95% CI = 1.1 to 12.2) and DAS (P = 0.047, OR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.03 to 0.9) as factors related to flat foot in RA patients. Further analysis on variables which had P value <0.25 (BMI, DAS, and disease duration) using multivariate method revealed BMI as the factor related to flat foot in RA patients. Conclusion. The flat foot proportion on RA patients visiting Rheumatology outpatient Unit RSCM did not differ from that in USA. Factor related to this deformity was BMI. This study did not find relations of disease duration and DAS to flat foot in RA patients.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Deviasi atau ketidakseimbangan proporsi fasial serta hubungan gigigeligi yang menggangu fungsi, estetika dan profil wajah. Bedah ortognatik bertujuan memperbaiki ketidakharmonisan dan estetika wajah bekerjasama dengan perawatan ortodonti. Sagital split osteotomy merupakan reposisi segmen mandibula yang dilakukan secara bilateral. Perubahan posisi kondilus mandibula serta stabilitas skeletal pada pasien BSSO mempengaruhi asimetri kondilus mandibula yang dikaitkan dengan adanya resiko terjadinya TMD.

Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan kondilus mandibula pada pasien pra bedah dan pasca bedah BSSO di Divisi Bedah Mulut dan Maksilofasial RSCM, Jakarta dengan perhitungan indeks simetri dan asimetri kondilus mandibula. Material dan Metode: Penelitian retrospektif melalui radiografik panoramik pra bedah, pasca bedah dan 1 tahun pasca bedah BSSO prosedur setback mandibula di Divisi Bedah Mulut dan Maksillofasial, RSCM, Januari 2001 hingga Desember 2017 sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dan didapatkan 16 sampel. Setiap sampel dilakukan pengukuran pada radiografi panoramiknya dengan menggunakan teknik Habets dan teknik Kjellberg.

Hasil Penelitian: Haasil uji Repeated ANOVA, didapatkan hasil kemaknaan p = 0.389 maka p>0.05 pada indeks asimetri Habets pada saat pra bedah, pasca bedah dan 1 tahun pasca bedah,. Sedangkan uji Repeated ANOVA kelompok indeks simetri Kjellberg, didapatkan hasil kemaknaan p = 0.297 maka p>0.05 pada indeks asimetri Kjellberg pada saat pra bedah, pasca bedah dan 1 tahun pasca bedah.

Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian indeks asimetri Habets dan indeks simetri Kjellberg menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada hasil pengukuran simetri dan asimetri mandibula. Orientasi kodilus terhadap fossa glenoid dan manuver posisi kondilus merupakan langkah terpenting yang harus dilakukan dalam BSSO.sehingga tujuan pokok BSSO yaitu perbaikan fungsi, estetik dan stabilitas dapat tercapai. ......Background: Deviations or imbalances in facial proportions and occlusions that interfere with facial function, aesthetics and profile. Orthognathic surgery aims to correct the disharmony and facial aesthetics in collaboration with orthodontic treatment. Sagittal split osteotomy is repositioning of the bilateral mandible segment. Changes in mandibular condyle position and bone stability in BSSO affect mandibular condyle asymmetry related to TMD risk.

Objective: To determine the differences in mandibular condyle in pre-surgical and postBSSO patients in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Division, RSCM, by calculating the symmetry index and asymmetry of the mandibular condyle.

Materials and Methods: Retrospective studies through preoperative, postoperative and 1 year post-BSSO mandibular setback procedures panoramic radiographs in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Division, RSCM, January 2001 to December 2017 according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and obtained 16 samples. Each sample was measured on its panoramic radiography using the Habets technique and the Kjellberg technique.

Result: The results of repeated ANOVA test obtained significance p = 0.389 then p> 0.05 in the Habet asymmetry index during pre-surgery, post-surgery and 1 year post-surgery. Whereas the Repeated ANOVA test from the Kjellberg symmetry index group, the result of significance was p = 0.297, then p> 0.05 on the Kjellberg asymmetry index during presurgery, post-surgery and 1 year post-surgery.

Conclusion: The results of the Habets asymmetry index and the Kjellberg symmetry index showed no significant differences in the results of measurements of mandibular symmetry and asymmetry. Condyle orientation to the glenoid fossa and condyle position maneuver are the most important steps that must be done in BSSO. So that the main objectives of BSSO are improvement of function, aesthetics and stability can be achieved.

Abstrak :
The most complex fields are often the most challenging to teach; thankfully, Principles and Management of Pediatric Foot and Ankle Deformities and Malformations was written by the most renowned teacher in pediatric foot and ankle surgery, offering orthopedists, foot and ankle surgeons and podiatrists an invaluable and comprehensive guide to the assessment and treatment of children's feet. This text was designed to be practical, accessible, and immediately applicable-focusing on principles of treatment rather than reductive ""cookbook"" approaches that privilege piecemeal techniques over holist