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Abstrak :
Sejak tahun 2006, Departemen Kesehatan meluncurkan kebijakan program Desa Siaga. Tampaknya, kebijakan tersebut tidak mampu memberdayakan masyarakat dalam mengidentifikasi dan memecahkan masalah kesehatan pada level komunitas (desa). Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan model pemberdayaan masyarakat bidang kesehatan pada program Desa Siaga. Sasaran penelitian adalah Forum Kesehatan Desa dan Pos Kesehatan Desa Siaga di 30 desa di Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei dan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kemampuan masyarakat dalam mengidentifikasi masalah kesehatan dan kemampuan masyarakat dalam memecahkan masalah kesehatan. Model pemberdayaan masyarakat bidang kesehatan meliputi kemampuan mengidentifikasi dan memecahkan masalah kesehatan. Faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal komunitas pada level anggota masyarakat, institusi masyarakat, kepemimpinan masyarakat, dan akses informasi kesehatan memiliki peran penting dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat bidang kesehatan.

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Since 2006, the Health Department had launched the Village Preparedness program policy. But, this policy apparently not capable of empowering the community in identifying and solving the health problem at community (village) level. The objective of research is to formulate the community empowerment model in health in the Village Preparedness program. The targets of research were the Village Health Forum and Village Health Post in 30 Village Preparedness in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java. The method involving survey and case study. The case study showed factors related to community capability of identifying health problem and community capability of solving the health problems. The community empowerment model in health including the capabilities of identifying and of solving the health problems. The community internal and external factors at members of commuModel Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Bidang Kesehatan, Studi Program Desa Siaga Community Empowerment Model in Health Sector, Study on Village Preparadness Programnity level, community institution, community leadership, and information access played important role in community empowerment in health.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Salah satu indikator derajat kesehatan adalah angka kematian bayi (AKB). Saat ini AKB nasional adalah 34 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup (SDKI 2007). Berbagai upaya dilakukan Pemerintah untuk menurunkan Angka Kematian Bayi diantaranya program Desa Siaga. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik non eksperiment dengan rancangan Cross sectional. Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan tingkatan Desa Siaga dengan Angka kematian bayi di Kabupaten Blitar, Jawa Timur pada tahun 2010. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh desa yang ada di kabupaten Blitar dengan total sampel berjumlah 248 desa dan dianalisis dengan uji T-Independent. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna rata-rata kematian bayi antar Tingkatan Desa Siaga. Dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara tingkatan Desa Siaga dengan Angka Kematian Bayi. Hal ini disebabkan karena banyak faktor yang menyebabkan tinggi atau rendahnya Angka Kematian bayi (AKB).

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ABSTRACT
One indicator of healthy level is the Infant Mortality Ratio (IMR). Currently, the national IMR was 34 deaths per 1,000 live births (SDKI 2007). There are many government efforts to reduce infant mortality, one of them is ?Desa Siaga? program. To determine the correlation of ?Desa Siaga? and Infant Mortality Ratio, We conducted research by analyzing the level of ?Desa Siaga? and Infant Mortality Ratio In Blitar, East Java in 2010. The population of this study are all villages in Blitar district total sample are 248 villages and analyzed by the Independent T-Test. This research is an analytic non experiment with cross sectional design. The results showed that there was no significant difference in average infant mortality among level of ?Desa Siaga.? Thus concluded that there was no relationship between levels of ?desa siaga? with Infant Mortality. This is caused by many factors that cause high or low Infant Mortality Ratio (IMR).

Abstrak :
Desa siaga aktif merupakan kebijakan Desa siaga aktif merupakan kebijakan pemberdayaan masyarakat yang memiliki peran penting dalam menumbuhkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pemecahan permasalahan kesehatan secara mandiri. Berdasarkan Data dan Informasi Pengembangan Desa Siaga Aktif didapatkan bahwa cakupan Nasional Desa Siaga Aktif pada tahun 2012 masih 65% dan target tahun 2015 80%. Sementara di Sumedang pelaksanaan telah seluruhnya tercapai (100%) namun bukan berdasarkan Desa Siaga Aktif, tetapi Desa Siaga. Selain itu, permasalahan masih tersisa yaitu PHBS berada di bawah target provinsi pada tahun 2014 (<49.4%). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan Desa Siaga Aktif di Kabupaten Sumedang tahun 2014. Dilaksanakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam dan telaah data sekunder. Informan terdiri dari 7 orang dari level pemerintahan yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa alokasi anggaran merupakan permasalah utama Desa Siaga Aktif. Sementara faktor lainnya yaitu komunikasi, kemitraan lintas sektor, birokrasi, persepsi pejabat dan sosioekonomi politik mempengaruhi secara tidak langsung. Hampir semua pendanaan berasal dari uang masyarakat dan bersifat terbatas. Perlunya merampingkan beberapa program lintas sektor dan memfokuskan satu atau dua program sangat diperlukan. Strategi ini akan menambah alokasi anggaran kepada program penting dan dapat meningkatkan mekanisme koordinasi.

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Desa Siaga Aktif is a form of community empowerment policy that have important role to make community able to solve health problems by their own. Based on the Data and Information of Desa Siaga Aktif, national coverage of Desa Siaga Aktif was 65% in 2012, and the target in 2015 is 80%. While in Sumedang, the coverage was 100% but based on Desa Siaga Aktif. The other problem remain is PHBS achievement which still below the province target (<49.4%) in 2014. This study is to analyze the policy implementation of Desa Siaga Aktif in Sumedang year 2014. Qualitative study has been conducted with depth interview and secondary data review method. It involves seven informants, which were from national and local government offices. The result indicate that budget allocation is the main problem in Desa Siaga Aktif. While other factors like communication, sectorial partnership, bureaucracy, official perception and socioeconomic politic affect the implementation process indirectly. Almost all the budget allocation was from villagers, and it was limited. Cutting down on some of sectorial programs and focusing on one or two programs is required. This strategy will earn budget allocation to certain programs that was important and will increase the coordination mechanism.

Abstrak :
Safe community as a system starts at village level, sub health centers, health center to the emergency services in hospitals. This effort is to encourage people to motivate and raise awareness of the potential. This research aims to develop a model of community-based safe community in an effort to emergency care system in the village of alert starting from system input, process and output. The study design is explanative, with qualitative data. This research was conducted in the Province of West Java and Yogyakarta Special Region. The results in terms of system inputs that safe community concept has not been much to formulate. Some claim a disaster mapping, taking into account the estimated number of victims, and needs help cure and health care in safe community based. Coordination of the main tasks and functions of each. Policy department already has a foundation of legitimacy according to laws, government regulations, medium-term development plan for the area and the Regent's decision letter, the local governor and even districts. Budget still relies on budget allocations, budget and block grand. Overview of the system process of the mdependence of the community there has been no system to start, but the potential is quite high, with the correct organizational, professional and can be better ensure the implementation of sustainable community based disaster management. Some of the inhibiting factor is the mobilization of community resources are lacking, limited human resources, budgeting, and coordination among sectors less traffic, less socialization and data collection, communications need to be increased, volunteers erratic, and less care. Development of community-based safe community model that is holistic, with the ability to empower local communities. This model includes the initiation efforts, partnerships, mobilization, advocacy resources, to accommodate the cultural, behavioral and regulatory assistance and support to the preventive, promotive safe and healthy communities in the entire cycle of human life in the state of emergency and disaster daily. Networks formed a partnership that is expected to be a shared responsibility between the cross-cutting.

Abstrak :
Telah diketahui bahwa tingginya AKI sebagian besar disebabkan oleh keterlambatan mendeteksi adanya faktor resiko dan kurangnya memberdayakan ibu hamil pada perawatan kehamilan resiko tinggi. Kondisi ini memberikan dampak pada tingginya kematian ibu saat persalinan. Melalui program desa siaga, Lumajang telah berhasil menurunkan AKI. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenonemonologi deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengalaman ibu hamil risiko tinggi dalam mencegah terjadinya komplikasi persalinan sebagai dampak pelaksanaan program desa siaga di Desa Kenongo Lumajang Jawa Timur. Informan pada penelitian ini adalah para ibu yang telah melahirkan secara fisiologis sejak tahun 2007 dengan riwayat kehamilan risiko tinggi. Jumlah informan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 6 orang yang ditetapkan berdasarkan tehnik sampling purposif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan oleh peneliti sendiri melalui wawancara mendalam dan direkam menggunakan tape recorder. Data dianalisis dengan tehnik Colaizzi, dan menghasilkan 19 tema yang menggambarkan pengalaman ibu hamil risiko tinggi dalam mencegah terjadinya komplikasi persalinan sebagai dampak pelaksanaan program desa siaga. Dalam penelitian ini diketahui bahwa dampak program desa siaga di Desa Kenongo yang dipersepsikan ibu dalam perawatan kehamilan risiko tinggi adalah adanya pemantauan terhadap ibu hamil, keterjangkauan pelayanan kesehatan, pemberdayaan biaya persalinan, dan pengelolaan asuhan persalinan. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan perlunya dilakukan upaya perbaikan pada pelaksanaan program desa siaga dalam merawat ibu hamil risiko tinggi dan bagi peneliti selanjutnya agar melakukan penelitian lanjutan, dengan lokasi dan informan yang lebih representatif serta pendekatan yang lebih sempurna. ......It has been known that the high MMR in Indonesia is mostly caused by the late detection of risk factors and the lack empowerment of pregnant women during their high risk pregnancy care. These conditions gave impact to the high maternal mortality during childbirth. Through Desa Siaga (alert Village) Program, Lumajang has been succeeded to decrease MMR. This study was a qualitative research with descriptive phenomenology design that aims to identify high risk pregnant women's experience in preventing childbirth complication as impact about 'desa siaga' (alert village) Program in Lumajang, East Java. The informants were women who have high risk pregnancy's experience, had physiologic childbirth from 2007 in Kenongo Village. The informants size were six women and was recruited based on purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interview by researcher her self and it was recorded by tape recorder. The data analyzed with Colaizzi's technique, that produced 19 themes showed the women's experience of high risk pregnancy in preventing complication as the impact of Desa Siaga Program. The women's perception about impact of Desa Siaga Program were showed by 4 themes, there are monitoring, health care to be reached, empowerment of delivery cost, and organizing of childbirth. This research is suggested to increase the effort of 'Desa Siaga' program in taking care of high risk pregnant women. The future research should be done in a more representative location with more representative informants and more perfect approach.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Tesis ini membahas tentang strategi dan implementasi Program Desa Siaga Api terhadap kesadaran masyarakat atas bahaya kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi program dilakukan dengan melibatkan pemerintah, masyarakat dan perusahaan, pelaksanaan program pencegahan dan penanggulangan kebakaran dilakukan dengan bentuk sosialisasi dengan pemangku kepentingan, kampanye, program pertanian ekologis terpadu dan program masyarakat siaga api. Hasil perubahan masyarakat dari pelaksanaan program dihasilkan kesadaran masyarakat karena adanya penegakan sanksi hukum terhadap pembakar lahan oleh aparat pemerintah, program desa siaga api memiliki andil dalam memberikan kesadaran kepada masyarakat yang terlibat dalam program, selain itu adanya program sebelumnya yang memiliki tujuan pencegahan kebakaran. Faktor yang menjadi penghambat program adanya aturan pemerintah membolehkan membuka ladang dengan membakar dengan batas yang ditentukan sedangkan faktor pendukung program adalah komitmen perusahaan dalam menjalankan program. Peran program desa siaga api dalam pencegahan dan penanggulangan kebakaran adalah mengisi kekosongan peran pemerintah dalam menanggulangi dan pencegahan kebakaran lahan.

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ABSTRACT
This thesis discusses about the strategy and implementation of Desa Siaga Api Program in changing community behaviour to reduce the dangers of forest and land fires. The research used qualitative approach with descriptive design. The results of this study indicate that the strategy of the concept was involving government dan community to synergize with company. Fire prevention and countermeasure programs were implemented by some activities such as socialization with stakeholders, campaigns, integrated ecological agriculture program and masyarakat siaga api program. The results of implementation were the appearance of community interest to the program and also the elevation of their knowledge about integrated ecology farming and the program had changed community farming pattern. Government policy that allow community to slash and burn in farming was obstacle factors of the program, in contrast stakeholder rsquo s role in reinforcing strictly Inpres no 11 Th. 2015 and company rsquo s commitment to keep running the program were the supporting factor. The role of this program as the form of Corporate Social Responsibity was filling the gaps of the government 39 s role in tackling and preventing land fires

Abstrak :
Cakupan Desa Siaga Aktif 80% pada tahun 2015. Tahun 2009 di Indonesia tercatat 42.295 desa dan kelurahan (56,1%) telah memulai upaya mewujudkan Desa Siaga dan Kelurahan Siaga. Sampai dengan tahun 2010, Kota Bandar Lampung memiliki 69 Kelurahan Siaga dari 98 Kelurahan yang ada. Sampai dengan tahun 2010 seluruh Kelurahan diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Kedaton sudah menjadi Kelurahan Siaga. Kelurahan Siaga di wilayah Puskesmas Kedaton telah menjadi Kelurahan Siaga Aktif berdasarkan penilaian dari Poskeskel yang buka setiap hari. Peran kader dalam pengembangan desa siaga sangat dibutuhkan terutama dalam menggerakkan masyarakat. Bila kader memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup mengenai kesehatan, kader bisa melakukan sosialisasi mengenai penanganan penyakit kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kedaton kota Bandar Lampung yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap kader dalam implementasi Kelurahan Siaga serta diketahuinya hubungan antara faktor karakteristik kader yang berhubungan dengan pengetahuan dan sikap kader dalam implementasi Kelurahan Siaga. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Sampel yang diambil adalah seluruh kader di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kedaton. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara pengisian kuesioner dan dianalisa dengan analisa univariat dan bivariat. Hasil analisa bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara sikap responden dengan implementasi Kelurahan Siaga, serta ada hubungan yang bermakna antara lama menjadi kader dengan pengetahuan responden. Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan kader dengan implementasi Kelurahan Siaga, serta tidak ada hubungan antara umur dan pendidikan responden dengan pengetahuan pengetahuan responden. Untuk meningkatkan sikap positif kader dalam implementasi Kelurahan Siaga, perlu ditingkatkan sosialisasi dan penyuluhan pada kader. ...... The Coverage of Active Alert Village in year 2015 is 80%. In Year 2009 in Indonesia recorded 42.295 villages (56.1%) have begun efforts to create Alert Village. Until 2010, Bandar Lampung has 69 Alert Villages of 98 villages that stand there. Until the year 2010 all areas in Puskesmas Kedaton has become the Alert Village based on the assessment of Poskeskel which is open every day. The role of cadre in the development of Alert Village is required especially to activate the society. When cadre have enough knowledge about health, they will be able to socialize the management of disease to society. The study was conducted in the working area of Puskesmas Kedaton Bandar Lampung, aims to determine the correlation between knowledge and attitudes of cadres in the implementation of the Alert Village and know the correlation between characteristics factors of the cadre that is related to knowledge and attitudes of cadres in the implementation of the Alert Village. The design of the study is a cross sectional study. The samples is all of the cadre in Puskesmas Kedaton working area. Data were collected by filling out questionnaires and analyzed with univariate and bivariate analysis. The results of bivariate analysis showed correlation between the attitudes of respondents and the implementation of the Alert Village, and significant association between long been a cadre with knowledge of respondents. There was no significant correlation between the cadre’s knowledge with the implementation of the Alert Village, and there is no correlation between age and education of respondents with knowledge of respondents. To increase the positive attitude of cadre in the implementation of Alert Village, socialization and training for cadre is need to be improved.