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"Sejak diterbitkannya Asas Cabotage pada tahun 2005, jumlah armada kapal Indonesia bertambah cukup signifikan. Kapal-kapal tersebut didominasi oleh kapal general cargo tua yang diimpor ataupun yang dibuat dalam negeri dan pasangan kapal tug and barge. Berdasarkan peraturan Hong Kong Convention, umur operasi kapal dibatasi hingga 25 tahun karena kapal tersebut akan tidak ekonomis untuk dioperasikan dan harus didaur ulang. Melihat banyaknya material berbahaya di dalam kapal, proses ship recycling harus dilaksanakan dengan aman dan ramah lingkungan. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk membuat desain tata letak fasilitas ship recycling yang ramah lingkungan dan berdasar pada peraturan nasional dan internasional, seperti Hong Kong Convention, dengan kapasitas maksimum kapal general cargo 30.000 DWT atau tongkang 330ft beserta kapal tundanya. Limbah-limbah yang ada di kapal dipastikan tidak akan mencemari area sekitar galangan dan laut dengan menggunakan desain tata letak galangan ini. Desain tata letak galangan ini juga akan mendukung proses ship recycling yang memperhatikan keselamatan pekerja dan lingkungan."

"Objective of research is to know the correlation between knowledge of waste management and environmental friendly behavior. This research was completed in March-September 2018. Population of research to students of senior high school in Kabupaten Bogor in the academic year 2018/2019. The sample were taken by using Multistage Random Sampling Technique with the total sample of 88 students. The quantitative research data was taken by survey for the waste management knowledge and questioner with rating scale for the environmentally friendly behavior. The hypothesis data testing used correlation test with Product Moment Pearson formula by using SPSS. The result showed that there was a significant positive correlation between knowledge of waste management with environmental friendly behavior. Therefore, the enhancement of the waste management knowledge was able to improve students' environmentally friendly behavior in the school or in the surrounding."

"Berdasarkan Konvensi Hong Kong, kapal dengan usia lebih dari 25 tahun harus dilakukan proses ship recycling. Hal tersebut dinilai dapat merusak lingkungan karena pemakaian kapal dengan jangka waktu lama memiliki efek negatif yang dapat dikeluarkan kapal tersebut. Namun industri ship recycling di Indonesia masih belum maksimal. Industri ship recycling masih terbilang sedikit dalam jumlah dan juga belum menerapkan ship recycling yang ramah terhadap lingkungan. Potensi industri ship recycling di Indonesia terbilang besar karena jumlah kapal tua di Indonesia sangat banyak. Selain itu daerah sekitar Pelabuhan Kamal merupakan sentra industri galangan ship recycling terbesar di Madura bahkan di Indonesia. Tetapi galangan tersebut masih belum memiliki regulasi yang jelas. Pemilihan lokasi diharapkan dapat memudahkan dalam proses pemindahan galangan ship recycling yang berada di sekitar Pelabuhan Kamal untuk menempati lahan bekas Pelabuhan Kamal. Penelitian ini telah menghasilkan desain usaha galangan green ship recycling dengan memanfaatkan lahan bekas Pelabuhan Kamal di Madura. Rancangan desain ini dibuat berdasarkan studi literatur dari penelitian yang ada, peraturan-peraturan, wawancara secara langsung dengan pemilik usaha ship recycling, serta memanfaatkan aplikasi AutoCAD 2020 dan aplikasi SketchUp 2020. Maka didapatkan hasil desain untuk mendukung operasional green ship recycling. Selain itu penelitian ini juga menghasilkan kapasitas fasilitas-fasilitas dari desain usaha galangan green ship recycling.

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According to Hong Kong Convention, ships older than 25 years old must be following the ship recycling process. The long usage of a ship can damage environment. However the industry of ship recycling in Indonesia still not maximum. There is still a low number of ship recycling industry in Indonesia and most of it still not environmentally friendly. Indonesia has a big potency in ship recycling industry because of the big number of old ships. Kamal port surrounding area is the biggest ship recycling shipyard in Madura even in Indonesia. However the shipyard does not has the clear regulation yet. This research is to proposed the change location and simplify the moving process of ship recycling shipyard from the kamal port surrounding area to former kamal port location. This research has found the result green ship recycling business design at former kamal madura port. This design is being made by literature studies from the existing researches, regulations, direct interview with one of the ship recycling business owner, utilize softwares like AutoCAD 2020 and SketchUp 2020. The result of this design is to support the operation of green ship recycling and also this research conclude the capacity calculations of the facilities from green ship recycling business design.

 

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"ABSTRAKWater tank is an indispensable tool in rural areas as rain water storage for clean water because the water source other eligible difficult to obtain. These conditions not only occur in areas that are difficult to get water to dry land, but also the beach area to the tides. Therefore the container vessel is a building that is needed in very household. During the manufacture of water tanks by using iron reinforcement material woven wire, or better known as Ferrocement, but with the material requires a relatively high cost. Departing from this conditions, to assist the public in making water tanks need to created technologies applicable, pratical, inexpensive and environmentally friendly by utilizing local resources."

"ABSTRAKWater tank is an indispensable tool in rural areas as rain water storage for clean water because the water source other eligible difficult to obtain. These conditions not only occur in areas that are difficult to get water to dry land, but also the beach area to the tides. Therefore the container vessel is a building that is needed in very household. During the manufacture of water tanks by using iron reinforcement material woven wire, or better known as Ferrocement, but with the material requires a relatively high cost. departing from this conditions, to assist the public in making water tanks need to created technologies applicable, pratical, inexpensive and environmentally friendly by utilizing local resources."

"ABSTRAKWater tank is an indispensable tool in rural areas as rain water storage for clean water because the water source other eligible difficult to obtain. These conditions not only occur in areas that are difficult to get water to dry land, but also the beach area to the tides. Therefore the container vessel is a building that is needed in very household. during the manufacture of water tanks by using iron reinforcement material woven wire, or better known as Ferrocement, but with the material requires a relatively high cost. departing from this conditions, to assist the public in making water tanks need to created technologies applicable, pratical, inexpensive and environmentally friendly by utilizing local resources."

"Lightweight concrete from Sidoarjo mud (LUSI) is a lightweight concrete which is made of aggregate as the main is dominated by slica (>50%), alumina (>25%), and iron (>8%), so it is estimated that it can be developed into a lightweight aggregate."

"Timah merupakan bahan baku utama material solder. Di Indonesia masih banyak sekali material solder yang mengandung bahan Pb yaitu Sn-Pb yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan dan kesehatan manusia. Untuk mendapatkan material solder ramah lingkungan, dilakukan penelitian Sn-xBi dan Sn-xBi-yAl dengan metode peleburan. Material paduan Sn-xBi telah dibuat dengan lima komposisi yang berbeda yaitu Sn-0Bi, Sn-10Bi, Sn-30Bi, Sn-52Bi dan Sn-70Bi, sedangkan paduan Sn-xBi-yAl dengan lima kandungan Al yang berbeda yaitu Sn-52Bi-0,05Al, Sn-52Bi-0,11Al, Sn-52Bi-0,14Al, Sn-52Bi-0,19Al dan Sn-52Bi-0,25Al. Karakterisasi sifat sifat material dilakukan dengan menggunakan, X-rd, DSC, LCR meter, Galvanostat, Ultrasonik. Hasil karakterisasi untuk Sn-xBi menghasilkan sifat yang optimal pada paduan Sn-52Bi yang mempunyai titik leleh 142,28oC dan tahanan jenis listrik 0,00022 ohm.m. Sedangkan untuk komposisi Sn-52Bi-yAl diperoleh yang optimum dengan titik leleh 144,6 oC dan hambatan jenisnya 0,0003 ohm m.

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Tin is primary material for solder. In Indonesia there are still many commercial solder containing Pb(Sn-37Pb) that are harmful for the environment and human health. In order to get the environmentally friendly solder material, this research was conducted to study the environmentally friendly solder material, this research was conducted to study the fabrication material alloy of Sn-xBi and Sn-xBi-yAl. Material alloy Sn-xBi has been made with five different compositions, namely Sn-0Bi, Sn-10Bi, Sn-30Bi, Sn-52Bi and Sn-0Bi, while the material alloy Sn-xBi-yAl was made with five Al different content, namely Sn-52Bi-0,05Al; Sn-52Bi-0,11Al; Sn-52Bi-0,14Al; Sn-52Bi-0,19Al and Sn-52Bi-0,25Al.

Material characterization were carried out using X-ray diffractometer, Differential Scanning Calorymeter, LCR meter, Galvanostat ad Ultrasonic. The results show, the optimum properties for Sn-xBi alloy is Sn-52Bi alloy with melting point at 142,28oC and specific electric resistance 0,00022m. Despite for Sn-52Bi-yAl has optimum with melting points at 144,6 oC and specific electric resistance 0,0003 ohm m."

"Rubber plasticizer is used to improve rubber processability so as to shorten time and reduce energy consumptionduring compounding. In general, rubber plasticizer is nonrenewable and environmentally harmful petroleumderivatives due to the carcinogenic property. Environmentally friendly plasticizer can be produced by transferhydrogenation of vegetable oil. The research was aimed to synthesize new rubber plasticizer from transfer hydrogenationof castor oil using diimide compound which was generated in situ by oxidation of hydrazine hydrateand hydrogen peroxide as well as the application of the new rubber plasticizer obtained on natural and syntheticrubbers compounding. The result showed that the optimum condition of transfer hydrogenation was achieved ata capacity of 1000 ml oil/batch, 40oC for 5 hours, and ratio hydrazine hydrate to hydrogen peroxide at 1:2 due tothe hydrogenated castor oil (HCO) had the highest degree of hydrogenation and neutral pH. The application of 10phr HCO had significant effect on the compounding of EPDM 6250 which was shown by shortest time and lowestenergy of compounding, and also by the highest minimum torque modulus. In addition, the crosslink density ofrubber vulcanizate which was formed during accelerated sulfur vulcanization was affected both by the addition ofHCO and the saturation of the rubber being used.Bahan pelunak kompon karet berfungsi meningkatkan kemampuan proses karet sehingga dapat mempersingkatwaktu dan menurunkan konsumsi energi selama pengomponan. Bahan pelunak karet yang umum digunakanberasal dari turunan minyak bumi yang tidak terbarukan dan tidak ramah lingkungan karena bersifat karsinogenik.Bahan pelunak kompon karet yang ramah lingkungan dapat diproduksi melalui reaksi transfer hidrogenasi minyaknabati. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari sintesis bahan pelunak karet dari minyak jarak kastor secara transferhidrogenasi menggunakan senyawa diimida yang dibangkitkan secara in situ oleh hidrasina hidrat dan hidrogenperoksida serta aplikasinya dalam pembuatan kompon karet alam (SIR 20) maupun sintetik (EPDM 6250, EPDM6470, dan Butil 301). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi reaksi terbaik dicapai pada kapasitas reaksisebesar 1000 ml minyak/batch, suhu 40oC selama 5 jam dan rasio penambahan hidrasina hidrat terhadap hidrogenperoksida sebesar 1:2 karena menghasilkan derajat hidrogenasi tertinggi dan memiliki pH netral. Aplikasinya sebagaibahan pelunak alami sebesar 10 bsk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap proses pengomponan karet sintetik tipeEPDM 6250 karena saling memiliki kompatibilitas yang tinggi sehingga mampu memberikan waktu dan energipengomponan serta nilai torsi minimum terendah. Derajat ikatan silang pada vulkanisat karet yang terbentuk saatvulkanisasi sulfur selain dipengaruhi oleh bahan pelunak juga oleh tingkat kejenuhan karet tersebut."