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[ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Kelelahan yang dialami oleh pramugari dapat mempengaruhi sebagian besar kemampuan dalam melaksanakan tugas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kelelahan pada pramugari sipil di Indonesia. Metode: Desain potong lintang dengan sampling purposif pada pramugari yang melaksanakan pengujian kesehatan di Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan dan Garuda Sentra Medika, tanggal 27 April?13 Mei 2015. Kelelahan diukur dengan Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner , meliputi demografi, pekerjaan, kehilangan waktu tidur , beban kerja mental dan kelelahan. Hasil: Di antara 512 pramugari yang melaksanakan pemeriksaan kesehatan, 373 subyek termasuk kriteria inklusi, dengan prevalensi kelelahan 36,2%. Jumlah sektor, kehilangan waktu tidur, perubahan jadwal terbang dan kadar hemoglobin merupakan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kelelahan. Jumlah sektor lebih dari enam memiliki risiko 37% menyebabkan kelelahan [risiko relatif suaian (RRa)=1,37;p=0,095]. Kehilangan waktu tidur berisiko dua kali lebih besar menyebabkan kelelahan (RRa=2,07;p= 0,000).Perubahan jadwal terbang dan kadar hemoglobin rendah memiliki risiko 44%(RRa=1,41;p=0,011) dan 33%(RRa=1,33;p=0,042) menyebabkan kelelahan. Simpulan: Jumlah sektor 7-9 dalam 24 jam terakhir, kehilangan waktu tidur, perubahan jadwal terbang dan kadar hemoglobin rendah meningkatkan risiko kelelahan pada pramugari sipil di Indonesia.

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ABSTRACT
Background: Fatigue among flight attendants could affect the capabilities in performing duties. The aim of this study were to investigate factors on fatigue among female flight attendant in Indonesia. Methods: Cross-sectional study with purposive sampling was directed to female flight attendant who were taking medical examination at Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan and Garuda Sentra Medika, from April 27th-May 13th 2015. Fatigue was measured with Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Data were collected by completing an questionnaire on demographics, workload, sleep restriction, mental workload and fatigue. Results: Among 521 flight attendant were taking medical examination, 373 were choosen as subject and the percentage of fatigue was 36.2%. Number of sector, sleep restriction, changed of duty schedule and hemoglobin level were the factors related to fatigue. Subject with number of sector more than six had 37% increase risk to have fatigue [adjusted relative risk(RRa)=1.37;p=0.095]. Subject with sleep restriction had 2-fold risk to have fatigue(RRa=2.07;p= 0.000). Subject with changed of duty schedule and low hemoglobin levels have 41%(RRa=1.41;p=0.011) and 33%(RRa=1.33;p=0.042) increase risk to have fatigue Conclusions: Number of 7-9 sectors in the last 24 hours, sleep restriction, changed of duty schedule and low hemoglobin level have increased risk of fatigue among flight attendant in Indonesia, Background: Fatigue among flight attendants could affect the capabilities in performing duties. The aim of this study were to investigate factors on fatigue among female flight attendant in Indonesia. Methods: Cross-sectional study with purposive sampling was directed to female flight attendant who were taking medical examination at Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan and Garuda Sentra Medika, from April 27th-May 13th 2015. Fatigue was measured with Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Data were collected by completing an questionnaire on demographics, workload, sleep restriction, mental workload and fatigue. Results: Among 521 flight attendant were taking medical examination, 373 were choosen as subject and the percentage of fatigue was 36.2%. Number of sector, sleep restriction, changed of duty schedule and hemoglobin level were the factors related to fatigue. Subject with number of sector more than six had 37% increase risk to have fatigue [adjusted relative risk(RRa)=1.37;p=0.095]. Subject with sleep restriction had 2-fold risk to have fatigue(RRa=2.07;p= 0.000). Subject with changed of duty schedule and low hemoglobin levels have 41%(RRa=1.41;p=0.011) and 33%(RRa=1.33;p=0.042) increase risk to have fatigue Conclusions: Number of 7-9 sectors in the last 24 hours, sleep restriction, changed of duty schedule and low hemoglobin level have increased risk of fatigue among flight attendant in Indonesia]

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Latar belakang: Pramugari merupakan salah satu pekerjaan yang sering terpapar stresor ergonomik sehingga sangat rentan terkena gejala gangguan muskuloskeletal. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi keluhan muskuloskeletal adalah dengan peregangan otot. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat prevalensi gangguan muskuloskeletal dan pengaruh program latihan peregangan selama 2 mingggu menggunakan video peregangan Kemenkes RI terhadap perubahan intensitas nyeri gangguan muskuloskeletal pada pramugari pesawat komersil di Indonesia. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakanre -post study dengan instrumen Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire dan Visual Analog Scale<. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 92 %  pramugari (n = 75) mengalami gangguan muskuloskeletal pada setidaknya 1 area tubuh dalam 12 bulan terakhir. 34 responden dijadikan sebagai subjek penelitian. Skor tingkat keluhan pada 28 area tubuh sebelum intervensi sebesar median 34 (29-84) dengan intensitas nyeri sebesar median 6 (2-9) masing-masing menjadi median 32 (28 - 67) dan  median 3 (0-9) setelah intervensi. Kesimpulan: Didapatkan adanya perubahan yang bermakna pada skor tingkat keluhan pada 28 area tubuh yang bermakna pada skor tingkat keluhan pada 28 area tubuh (p < 0,001) serta intensitas nyeri sebelum dan sesudah intervensi latihan peregangan (p < 0,001). ......Background: Flight attendant (FA) is a job that often exposed to ergonomic stressors so they are very susceptible to symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders. One of the ways to overcome musculoskeletal complaints is to stretching. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and the effect of a 2-week stretching exercise program using the Indonesian Ministry of Health's stretching video on changes in the intensity of musculoskeletal pain in FA on commercial aircraft in Indonesia. Methods: This is a pre-post study with Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Visual Analog Scale as instruments. Results: The results showed that 92% of the FA (n=75) had musculoskeletal disorders in at least 1 area of the body in the last 12 months. 34 respondents were used as subjects. The complaint level score in 28 body areas before the intervention was a median of 34 (29-84) with pain intensity of a median of 6 (2-9) became a median of 32 (28-67) and a median of 3 (0-9) after the intervention, respectively. Conclusion: The stretching exercise program showed significant changes in the complaint level scores in 28 body areas (p<0.001) and pain intensity before and after the stretching exercise intervention (p<0.001).

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh emotional labor dan emotional exhaustion terhadap kepuasan kerja dan komitmen organisasional afektif pada flight attendant di perusahaan Garuda Indonesia. Responden penelitian berjumlah 203 flight attendant yang berpusat di Cengkareng. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi pada SPSS versi 20. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa emotional labor secara positif dapat mempengaruhi kepuasan kerja dan komitmen organisasional afektif, sedangkan emotional exhaustion memilki pengaruh negatif terhadap kepuasan kerja dan komitmen organiasasional afektif.

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This study aims to evaluate the effect of emotional labor and emotional exhaustion toward job satisfaction and affective organization commitment of flight attendants of PT Garuda Indonesia Tbk. 203 flight attendants based in Cengkareng headquarter were involved in this study. The data collected was analyzed by regression method in SPSS version 20th. The results of this study indicate that emotional labor has positive effect toward job satisfaction and affective organization commitment, meanwhile the emotional exhaustion has negative effect toward job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment.

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Talents is crucial to determind the competitive advantage of an organization. Most organization are facing challenge for retaining their talents who are doing voluntary turnover. This cause problems for company especially in airline industry which has strict regulation related to its personell. This study looks at the effect of job satisfaction, job stress, and individual factor on flight attendants turnover rate. Using the case and data from PT. Garuda Indonesia, this study follows qualitatif system dynamic framework to identify and describe the overall phenomena of flight attendant turnover and the variable involved. The study also tested several intervention strategies to see whether there are changes on the flight attendant turnover considering the intervention given. This study shows that turnover rate has significant impact on the company crew strength that influence job satisfaction and job stress which eventually back to influence the turnover rate in a reinforcing effect. Furthemore, company policy related to married, maternity leave, and hijab are according to subject matter expert should be evaluated. This results imply that the Airline should consider to make adjustment and creating policy intervention related to existing policy in order to see results of turnover reduction.

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Pegawai berbakat merupakan penentu keunggulan kompetitif pada suatu organisasi. Banyak organisasi dihadapkan pada tantangan untuk mempertahankan bakat-bakat yang ingin meninggalkan perusahaan. Hal ini menyebabkan permasalahan khususnya pada perusahaan penerbangan yang memiliki peraturan ketat untuk pegawai yang bekerja di sana. Penelitian ini melihat pengaruh kepuasan kerja, stres kerja, dan faktor individu terhadap tingkat turnover awak kabin. Menggunakan kasus dan data dari PT. Garuda Indonesia, penelitian ini mengikuti kerangka kerja kualitatif sistem dinamis untuk mengidentifikasi dan menggambarkan keseluruhan fenomena pergantian awak kabin dan variabel yang terlingkup pada fenomena tersebut. Studi ini juga menguji beberapa strategi intervensi untuk melihat apakah ada perubahan tingkat pergantian pramugari dengan mempertimbangkan intervensi yang diberikan. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat turnover memiliki dampak signifikan pada kekuatan awak kabin perusahaan, yang kemudian mempengaruhi kepuasan kerja dan stres kerja yang pada akhirnya, kembali mempengaruhi tingkat turnover dalam efek penguatan. Selain itu, kebijakan perusahaan terkait pernikahan, cuti hamil, dan Pemakaian jilbab harus dievaluasi. Hasil Penelitian menyiratkan bahwa Maskapai Penerbangan harus mempertimbangkan untuk melakukan penyesuaian dan membuat perubahan kebijakan menjadi lebih akomodatif terkait dengan pernikahan, cuti hamil, dan pemakaian jilbab untuk melihat pengurangan turnover awak kabin.

Abstrak :
This study examined relationships between occupational stress, management commitment to service, and employee performance, which were mediated by job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and service behaviors. Employing quantitative approach, data was collected from a sample of 338 flight attendants of a flag carrier based in Indonesia using structured questionnaire as survey instrument. The hypotheses and the proposed relationship model were validated and analyzed through structural equation modeling using SmartPLS 3. The empirical results revealed that job satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between occupational stress and turnover intention. Moreover, the results showed that job satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between management commitment and service behaviors. The results further revealed that turnover intentions partially mediated the relationship between occupational stress and employee performance. The results also showed that service behaviors partially mediated the relationship between management commitment to service and employee performance. This study further developed theoretical implications and provided recommendations for managers in the airline industry to maintain the performance of flight attendants, retain them in the organization, and encourage them performing the desired service behaviors toward both customers and coworkers.

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Penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara stres kerja, komitmen manajemen terhadap layanan, dan kinerja karyawan, yang dimediasi oleh kepuasan kerja, turnover intention, dan perilaku layanan. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, data dikumpulkan dari sampel 338 awak kabin maskapai penerbangan nasional Indonesia menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur sebagai instrumen survei. Hipotesis dan model hubungan yang diusulkan divalidasi dan dianalisis melalui structural equation modeling menggunakan SmartPLS 3. Hasil empiris menunjukkan bahwa kepuasan kerja secara parsial memediasi hubungan antara stres kerja dan turnover intention. Hasil juga menunjukkan bahwa kepuasan kerja secara parsial memediasi hubungan antara komitmen manajemen dan perilaku layanan. Selanjutnya, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa turnover intention secara parsial memediasi hubungan antara stres kerja dan kinerja karyawan. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa perilaku layanan memediasi secara parsial hubungan antara komitmen manajemen terhadap layanan dan kinerja karyawan. Penelitian ini selanjutnya mengembangkan implikasi teoritis dan memberikan rekomendasi bagi manajemen di industri maskapai penerbangan untuk menjaga kinerja awak kabin, mempertahankan mereka di Perusahaan, dan mendorong mereka melakukan perilaku layanan yang diinginkan baik bagi pelanggan maupun rekan kerja.