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"This paper aims at analyzing food insecurity problem at hosehold level and its alleviation strategy alternatives. The analysis results are expected to become inputs for policy makers at central and local government levels in order to strengthen food security and overcome food insecurity at household level...."

"Berbagai indikator kesehatan Indonesia menunjukkan nilai yang lebih rendah dibandingkan negara tetangga, khususnya Asia. Untuk dapat meningkatkan satus kesehatan masyarakat, pengobatan penyakit ke fasilitas kesehatan (faskes) modern merupakan salah satu determinan penting. Akan tetapi, besarnya biaya yang harus dikeluarkan dan opportunity cost yang harus dikorbankan sering kali menjadi hambatan dalam pemanfaatan faskes. Hal tersebut terjadi khususnya bagi seseorang yang memiliki keterbatasan sumberdaya atau kemiskinan. Dengan menggunakan indikator persepsi kerawanan pangan untuk menunjukkan individu yang memiliki risiko kesehatan tinggi dan mengalami masalah keterbatasan sumber daya, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana pengaruh persepsi kerawanan pangan yang dirasakan terhadap perilaku pencarian pengobatan melalui pola rawat jalan ketika sakit. Sebanyak 159.236 individu dari data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) 2017 dan Potensi Desa (Podes) 2018 dianalisis dengan menggunakan IVProbit untuk menangani bias akibat endogenitas pada variabel kerawanan pangan. Hasil menunjukkan jika semakin tinggi skor kerawanan pangan individu akan meningkatkan peluang tidak berobat jalan ke faskes modern dalam sebulan terakhir. Hasil yang sama terlihat baik pada sampel yang dikategorikan miskin maupun tidak miskin secara moneter. Selain itu, beberapa faktor sosial, demografi, ekonomi dan karakteristik penyakit juga ditemukan memiliki pengaruh terhadap perilaku individu untuk tidak berobat jalan di faskes modern.

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Various Indonesia's health indicators rate represent lower value when compairing with another countries, especially in Asia. To be able to improve public health status, treatment of illness to modern health care is one of the important determinants. However, the the high costs of health care and opportunity costs that have to be sacrificed often be a barriers to utilization of health care. This happens especially for someone who has limited resources or live under the poverty. Using indicators of perception about food insecurity by individuals to describe someone who have high risk in health and have limited resources to fulfill the basic needs, this study aims to see how the perceived of food insecurity affecting someone's health seeking behaviour through outpatient patterns when ill. Total sample of 159,236 individuals from the 2017 National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) and Village Census (Podes) 2018 were analyzed using IVProbit to handle bias due to endogeneity in food insecurity variables. The results show that the higher raw score of food insecurity will increase the chance of not going for outpatient care in the last month. The same results were seen in both samples that were categorized as poor or not poor in monetary way. In addition, several social, demographic, economic and disease characteristics were also found to have an influence on individual behavior to seek outpatient care in modern health facilities."

"Program Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL) bertujuan menurunkan kerawanan pangan dengan mendorong kelompok masyarakat desa dan kelurahan menanam bahan pangan di halaman rumah masing-masing. Sejak tahun 2017 hingga 2021, jumlah KRPL terus mengalami peningkatan. Namun sejak tahun 2020 tingkat kerawanan pangan juga meningkat. Pada penelitian ini, diperhitungkan variasi jumlah KRPL yang ditumbuhkan sejak tahun 2017 hingga tahun 2021 untuk mengestimasi peran KRPL terhadap kerawanan pangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan tekhnik analisis data panel dengan metode Fixed Effect dalam memperkirakan besaran dan signifikansi hubungan antara KRPL dengan kerawanan pangan. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan KRPL berperan signifikan terhadap penurunan tingkat kerawanan pangan setelah satu tahun, terutama di wilayah Jawa dan Bali. Rekomendasi yang diberikan dalam penelitian ini adalah dalam intervensi kerawanan pangan, KRPL perlu dibarengi dengan kebijakan lain terutama program penanggulangan kemiskinan setidaknya untuk kabupaten/kota dengan kategori kerawanan pangan “tinggi” dan “sangat tinggi”.

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The Government’s Home Garden Areas (KRPL) program aims to decrease food insecurity by encouraging rural and urban communities to grow their own food ingredients in their backyards. The number of KRPLs has steadily increased between 2017 and 2021. However, the level of food insecurity has risen since 2020. Variations in the number KRPLs grew from 2017 to 2021 were considered in this study to estimate the effect of KRPLs on food insecurity. The significance and magnitude of the relationship between KRPLs and food insecurity were estimated using this study's panel data analysis techniques with the Fixed Effect method. According to the estimation results, KRPLs significantly reduce food insecurity after one year, particularly in the Java and Bali regions. This study recommends that KRPL be accompanied by other policies, particularly poverty reduction programs in food insecurity interventions, at least in regencies/municipalities with "high" and "very high" food insecurity categories."

"Kerawanan pangan merupakan isu global dan pengentasannya ditetapkan dalam tujuan SDGs 2030 target 2.1 yaitu zero hunger dan mencapai ketahanan pangan bagi semua orang. Kerawanan pangan dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan baik fisik, mental, sosial serta kualitas hidup secara langsung maupun tidak langsung akibat kekurangan gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keterkaitan tingkat kerawanan pangan terhadap kesehatan balita menggunakan model regresi order logit dari data Susenas Maret 2021. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kerawanan pangan menurut tingkat keparahannya secara statistik signifikan dan berhubungan positif terhadap keluhan kesehatan balita. Imunisasi sebagai variabel kontrol penting juga secara statistik signifikan dan berhubungan positif terhadap keluhan kesehatan balita.

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Food insecurity is a global issue and set out in the 2030 SDGs target 2.1, zero hunger and food security for all people. Food insecurity can affect physical, mental, social health and quality of life directly or indirectly due to malnutrition. This study aims to identify the relationship between the level of food insecurity and child health with an ordered logit regression model using data of Susenas March 2021. The results showed that food insecurity according to the severity level statistically significant and positively related to child health. Immunization as an important control variable is also statistically significant and positively related to child health."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara empiris dampak penggunaan internet terhadap kerawanan pangan rumah tangga pertanian di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) dan Pendataan Potensi Desa (Podes) tahun 2018. Variabel kerawanan pangan diukur dengan menggunakan raw score dan rasch score berdasarkan Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Sementara itu, variabel penggunaan internet merupakan variabel binari. Estimasi dampak penggunaan internet terhadap kerawanan pangan menggunakan instrumental variable model dengan instrumental variable yaitu topografi untuk mengatasi masalah endogenitas dalam menjelaskan hubungan sebab akibat antara penggunaan internet dengan kerawanan pangan. Dalam penelitian ini juga memeriksa salah satu mekanisme potensial yaitu melalui pendapatan per kapita rumah tangga. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan internet berpengaruh negatif terhadap kerawanan pangan rumah tangga pertanian baik itu raw score dan rasch score, artinya penggunaan internet mampu menurunkan kerawanan pangan rumah tangga pertanian. Analisis lebih lanjut menunjukkan bahwa dampak penggunaan internet menurunkan kerawanan pangan rumah tangga pertanian bisa melalui jalur pendapatan.

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This study aims to analyze the impact of internet use on agricultural household food insecurity in Indonesia. This study uses data from the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) 2018 and Village Potential Census (Podes) 2018. The food insecurity variable is measured using a raw score and a rasch score based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) question item. Meanwhile, the internet usage variable is a binary variable. Estimation the impact of internet use on food insecurity uses an instrumental variable model with an instrumental variable, namely topography to overcome endogeneity in explaining the causal effect between internet use and household food insecurity. This study also exemines one potential mechanism, namely through household per capita income. The results of this study indicate that the internet use has a negative effect on food insecurity of agricultural households, both raw scores and rasch scores. It means that the internet use can reduce food insecurity in agricultural households. The further analysis shows that the internet use can reduce food insecurity in agricultural households through income"

"Semua orang berhak mendapatkan makanan yang sehat dan bernutrisi untuk kesejahteraan jasmani dan rohani. Akan tetapi, pelajar seringkali menghadapi tantangan dalam menjaga pola makan yang sehat setelah mereka mulai hidup mandiri. Food insecurity dan kualitas pola makan yang buruk lazim terjadi di kalangan mahasiswa domestik dan internasional yang melakukan studi di universitas Australia, dan merupakan salah satu masalah yang diakui oleh Perserikatan Bangsa-bangsa (PBB). Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan atau Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) nomor 2 dan 12 mendiskusikan tujuan dalam mengakhiri kelaparan, mencapai food security, meningkatkan nutrisi serta untuk memastikan konsumsi dan pola produksi yang ramah lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, bertepatan dengan SDG nomor 2 dan 12, riset ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut dengan membuat aplikasi seluler yang bernama Nomninom. Nomninom didesain untuk membantu masyarakat dalam memperoleh variasi makanan yang baru, sehat, dan mempunyai value-for-money. Nomninom memiliki fitur utama seperti rekomendasi makanan pilihan, panduan resep masak, rekomendasi restoran, serta fitur share dan rate. Aplikasi ini dibuat mengacu pada metodologi desain sistem informasi dan framework design thinking, design sprint, SCRUM dan telah diuji oleh target pasar. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa prototipe aplikasi mengandung beberapa isu yang telah teratasi di versi final.

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Everyone deserves a healthy and nutritious meal to ensure their physical and spiritual wellbeing. However, students often face challenges in maintaining a healthy diet after they start living independently. Food insecurity and poor diet quality is prevalent among domestic and international students studying in Australian universities, and is one of the problems recognised by the United Nation. Sustainable Development Goals 2 and 12 discuss the goal in ending hunger, achieving food security, and improving nutrition as well as to ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns. As such, aligned with SDG number 2 and 12, this research aims to solve the problem by creating a mobile application called Nomninom. Nomninom is designed to help people have new, healthy, value-for-money meal variations every day–with main features of curated meal recommendation, step-by-step recipe instructions, restaurant recommendation, as well as a share and rate functionality. The application is created following the methodology information system design and frameworks of design thinking, design sprint, SCRUM and was tested to target markets. Testing results show that the prototype of the application contains a few issues which were later resolved in the final version. "

"Di Indonesia, salah satu komponen penting dari jaring pengaman sosial untuk mengurangi kerawanan pangan adalah Program Sembako, yang sebelumnya dikenal sebagai Bantuan Pangan Non-Tunai (BPNT). Manfaat Program Sembako sama di seluruh Indonesia; namun, karena adanya perbedaan harga pangan dan pola konsumsi di tingkat regional, nilai riil - atau daya beli-dari manfaat Program Sembako bisa sangat bervariasi di seluruh Indonesia. Dalam studi ini, kami mengestimasi variasi daya beli Program Sembako di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia untuk menguji dampak Program Sembako terhadap kerawanan pangan. Kami menggunakan metode fixed-effect untuk mengestimasi hubungan antara daya beli lokal Program Sembako dan kerawanan pangan. Penelitian kami menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan daya beli peserta Program Sembako dapat menurunkan prevalensi kerawanan pangan, terutama di wilayah timur Indonesia.

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In Indonesia, one of the essential components of the country's social safety net to reduce food insecurity is the Sembako Program, which was formerly known as non-cash food assistance (BPNT). The benefits of the Sembako Program are the same all over Indonesia; Nevertheless, because the disparities in regional food costs and consumption patterns, the purchasing power or the real value of Sembako Program benefits might vary greatly across the nation. In this study, we estimate the variation in Sembako Program purchasing power across regencies/municipalities in Indonesia to examine the effects of the Sembako Program on food insecurity. We use a fixed effects framework to estimate the relationship between the local purchasing power of the Sembako Program and food insecurity. Our research shows that increasing the purchasing power of participants in the Sembako Program leads to a reduction in the prevalence of food insecurity, particularly in the eastern region."

"The rising food price has been signaling a crisis to food insecurity among the poor since the period of 2007/2008. The poor would be in a difficult situation to allocate the budget to meet the demand for food and nonfood in daily life as the real income changes. Food insecurity measured by Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) is a most recent broadened concept of food insecurity considering the existence of anxiety to food access. This research aims to evaluate the causal inference of food price exposure to the FIES both on simple sum namely raw score and Rasch scale, a corrected measure which assuming the same latent traits among the households. The estimation used is Pooled Ordinary Least Square through the multilevel observations and Panel Regression for regional-level data. The main finding of this research is that the rising food price significantly affected the FIES, consistently on the raw score and Rasch scale, specifically to the vulnerable households defined by the bottom 40 percent in terms of their expenditure. The rising food price also increased the proportion of severely food insecure households at the regional level. As the heterogeneous effect through islands is also evaluated, it's concluded that the highest effect of the rising food price to experiencing the anxiety of food insecurity belongs households located in Bali and the lowest effect belongs to households located in Java Island. Decomposing food price into rice and nonrice is solving the puzzle where and who belongs the worse effect should be. The rising rice price is affecting worse to the households in Sumatera and Papua, but on the contrary, the households in Java, Nusa Tenggara, and Sulawesi were taking benefit amid the rising rice price. The result is also serving as a baseline in evaluating the impact of such an outbreak namely Covid-19 through the channel of compensating variations regarding food insecurity. "

"Ketahanan pangan adalah salah satu aspek yang mendukung ketahanan nasional. Ketika individu atau rumah tangga tidak mampu memenuhi ketahanan pangannya maka terjadilah kerawanan pangan yang dapat menggangu stabilitas ekonomi dan nasional.  Tapin mengalami peningkatan penduduk miskin dan peningkatan rumah tidak layak huni di Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengukur kerawanan pangan rumah tangga tidak layak huni dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya di Kabupaten Tapin, Kalimantan Selatan. Pangan adalah kebutuhan mendasar yang harus selalu ada dan terus meningkat seiring dengan mengingkatnya jumlah penduduk. Analisis ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan model rasch, metode regresi ordinal dan menggunakan variabel moderator dengan analisis data yang deskriptif untuk menganalisis data penelitian. Penelitian ini berdasarkan pada skala kerawanan pangan (FIES) serta faktor demografi dan kemiskinan multidimensi yaitu Jumlah Anggota Keluarga (X1), Jenis Pekerjaan (X2), Pendapatan (X3), Pendidikan (X4), Kesehatan (X5), Bantuan (X6), dan Jenis Kelamin (X7). Hasil penelitian ini adalah, pada tingkat kerawanan pangan rumah tangga tidak layak huni berdasarkan FIES, terdapat 57% kerawanan pangan ringan, kerawanan pangan sedang ada 23% dan rumah tangga dengan tingkat kerawanan pangan berat ada 20%.

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Food security is one aspect that supports national security. When individuals or households are unable to fulfill their food security, food insecurity occurs which can disrupt economic and national stability. Tapin has experienced an increase in the number of poor people and an increase in uninhabitable houses in South Kalimantan. This study aims to analyze and measure the food insecurity of uninhabitable households and the factors that influence it in Tapin District, South Kalimantan. Food is a basic need that must always be available and continues to increase along with the increasing population. This analysis uses a quantitative approach using the Rasch model, ordinal regression method and using moderator variables with descriptive data analysis to analyze research data. This research is based on the food insecurity scale (FIES) and multidimensional demographic and poverty factors, namely the number of family members (X1), type of work (X2), income (X3), education (X4), health (X5), assistance (X6), and Gender (X7). The results of this study are, at the level of food insecurity in uninhabitable households based on FIES, there are 57% light food insecurity, moderate food insecurity is 23% and households with severe food insecurity are 20%."

"Food Insecurity Experience adalah keterbatasan yang dialami oleh individu maupun kelompok untuk mendapatkan makanan yang aman dan bergizi secara teratur yang diiringi oleh pengalaman berupa ketidakpastian mengenai makanan yang akan dapat dikonsumsi sehari-harinya. Food insecurity dapat berdampak pada penurunan kesejahteraan, kekurangan gizi spesifik, hingga kelaparan. Kelompok mahasiswa sebagai individu dewasa termasuk kelompok rentan terhadap risiko food insecurity. Penelitian ini menelaah adanya hubungan melalui pengukuran beda proporsi food insecurit pada mahasiswa S1 FMIPA di Universitas Indonesia berdasarkan jenis kelamin, pendapatan pribadi, cooking self-efficacy, tingkat pengetahuan gizi, uang saku, alokasi biaya makan, pemilihan makanan meliputi: kepentingan persepsi sehat, kepentingan persepsi harga, dan kepentingan persepsi aksesibilitas. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional, pada bulan Maret hingga Juni 2021. Partisipan penelitian terdiri dari 134 mahasiswa dengan metode purposive sampling melalui pengisian kuesioner secara daring. Hasil Penelitian menemukan bahwa sebanyak 64,9% responden mengalami food insecurity. Hasil analisis bivariat juga menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan pada food insecurity experience dengan cooking self-efficacy (p-value 0,046), uang saku (p-value 0,006), alokasi besaran biaya makan (p-value 0,045), pemilihan makanan: kepentingan persepsi harga (p-value 0,001).

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Food Insecurity Experience is a limitation experienced by individuals and groups to get safe and nutritious food on a regular basis accompanied by an experience in the form of uncertainty about the food that will be able to be consumed daily. Food insecurity can have an impact on decreased well-being, specific malnutrition, and hunger. The group of students as adult individuals is a vulnerable group to the risk of food insecurity. This study examines the relationship through measuring the different proportions of food insecurity in undergraduates students at the Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences of Universitas Indonesia based on gender, personal income, cooking self-efficacy, nutritional knowledge level, allowance, allocation of food costs, food preferences including: perceives of health, perceives of price, and perceives of accessibility. The study was conducted using quantitative methods using a cross-sectional study design, from March to June 2021. The research participants consisted of 134 college students with the purposive sampling method through filling out an online questionnaire. The results of the study found that as many as 64,9% of respondents experienced food insecurity. The results of the bivariate analysis also showed that there was a significant relationship in food insecurity experience with cooking self-efficacy (p-value 0.,46), allowance (p-value 0,006), allocation of food costs (p-value 0.045), food preferences: perceives of price (p-value 0,001)."