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Rachmayani
"[ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki dan menelaah strategi
perjuangan hak kaum tani oleh La Via Campesina yang berperan sebagai aktor
gerakan sosial transnasional sekaligus sebagai ideas kaum tani itu sendiri. Sebagai
aktor gerakan sosial transnasional, La Via Campesina dibangun dari elemen
identitas, solidaritas, tujuan bersama, dan aksi kolektif yang berkelanjutan, dengan
pergerakan dari level lokal, nasional, regional, hingga internasional. Sedangkan
sebagai ideas, La Via Campesina bergerak membawa ide, nilai-nilai, dan norma
kaum tani dari level lokal hingga ke tataran internasional untuk memperjuangkan
hak-hak kaum tani. Ide alternatif yang dibangun oleh La Via Campesina untuk
memperjuangkan hak kaum tani adalah dengan menawarkan konsep kedaulatan
pangan dan reforma agraria yang diarusutamakan kedalam pembentukan norma
hak asasi petani yang kemudian diperjuangkan melalui proses institusionalisasi
norma hak asasi petani La Via Campesina di Dewan HAM PBB, agar terbentuk
konvensi hak asasi petani sebagai instrumen baru dalam mekanisme norma HAM
internasional PBB yang akan melindungi hak-hak kaum tani didunia. Strategi
perjuangan yang dilakukan oleh La Via Campesina dalam penelitian ini adalah
strategi kampanye, aksi kolektif, mobilisasi, jaringan, persuasi, dan advokasi.

ABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate and examine the strategy of the fight for peasantry
rights by La Via Campesina, who takes role as a transnational social movement
actor as well as ideas for the peasantry itself. As a transnational social movement
actor, La Via Campesina is developed from elements of identity, solidarity,
common goals, and sustainable collective actions, whose movements ranged from
local, national, regional, and international level. Meanwhile, as ideas, La Via
Campesina brings up the ideas, values, and norms of the peasantry from local
level to international boards to fight for the peasantry rights. One alternative idea
developed by La Via Campesina for the fight of peasantry rights is to offer the
concept of food sovereignty and agrarian reform to be mainstreamed into the
formation of norms of peasants rights which then fought through the
institutionalization process of norms of the peasants rights of the La Via
Campesina at the Human Rights Council, in order to form peasants rights
conventions as a new instrument in the norms mechanism of the UN international
human rights that would protect the peasantry rights in the world. The strategy of
the fight waged by La Via Campesina in this study is a strategy of campaign,
collective actions, mobilization, networking, persuasion, and advocacy, This study aims to investigate and examine the strategy of the fight for peasantry
rights by La Via Campesina, who takes role as a transnational social movement
actor as well as ideas for the peasantry itself. As a transnational social movement
actor, La Via Campesina is developed from elements of identity, solidarity,
common goals, and sustainable collective actions, whose movements ranged from
local, national, regional, and international level. Meanwhile, as ideas, La Via
Campesina brings up the ideas, values, and norms of the peasantry from local
level to international boards to fight for the peasantry rights. One alternative idea
developed by La Via Campesina for the fight of peasantry rights is to offer the
concept of food sovereignty and agrarian reform to be mainstreamed into the
formation of norms of peasants rights which then fought through the
institutionalization process of norms of the peasants rights of the La Via
Campesina at the Human Rights Council, in order to form peasants rights
conventions as a new instrument in the norms mechanism of the UN international
human rights that would protect the peasantry rights in the world. The strategy of
the fight waged by La Via Campesina in this study is a strategy of campaign,
collective actions, mobilization, networking, persuasion, and advocacy]"
2015
T43584
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Afgan Fadilla
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Tesis ini menaklik strategi diplomasi yang dimainkan oleh para aktor dalam mendorong Hak Asasi Petani dan Masyarakat yang Bekerja di Pedesaan menjadi sebuah Deklarasi PBB di Dewan HAM PBB.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif yang datanya dikumpulkan dari sumber-sumber tertulis dan wawancara kepada orang-orang yang terlibat. Berangkat dari konsep aliansi hibrida dalam Human Rights Diplomacy yang digunakan penulis sebagai pisau analisis, penelitian ini mengafirmasi strategi aliansi hibrida para aktor yang dideterminasi oleh dua faktor. Pertama, suara-suara yang diproduksi oleh para aktor selama proses negosiasi bersifat saling mengisi. Kedua, akses dan hirarki yang asimetris dari masing-masing aktor dapat dikelola dengan baik sesuai dengan fungsinya

 

 


This paper examines the diplomatic strategy played by actors in promoting the Rights of Peasants and Other  People Working in Rural Areas to become United Nations Declaration at the United Nations Human Rights Council. The method used in this study is qualitative in that the data was collected from written sources and interviews with the people involved. Departing from the concept of hybrid alliances in Human Rights Diplomacy used by the author as an analytical framework, this study affirms the strategy of hybrid alliances of actors which are determined by two factors. First, voices produced by actors during the negotiation process are mutually complementary. Second, the asymmetrical access and hierarchy of each actor can be managed properly according to their functions.

Keywords: Peasant rights, Diplomacy, Human Rights, Civil Society, United Nations, State.

 

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2019
T53074
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Saragih, Mujahid Widian
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Artikel ini membahas tentang keberhasilan Serikat Petani Indonesia (SPI) dalam perumusan deklarasi hak asasi petani tahun 2018. Bentuk keberhasilan SPI tersebut dapat dilihat dari disahkannya Deklarasi Hak Asasi Petani dan Orang-Orang yang Bekerja di Pedesaan oleh Dewan Hak Asasi Manusia Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) Desember 2018 lalu. Dalam menganalisis hal di atas, digunakan teori integrasi gerakan sosial yang merupakan upaya sintesa dari tiga dimensi/pendekatan yaitu struktur kesempatan politik, struktur mobilisasi sosial, dan pembingkaian kultural. Hasil analisis dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan perjuangan SPI dalam perumusan deklarasi hak asasi petani tahun 2018  tidak dapat dilepaskan dari berperannya masing-masing dimensi/pendekatan, yang diuraikan dalam teori integrasi gerakan sosial. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari upaya SPI untuk mengampanyekan ide mengenai hak asasi petani, yang sudah dimulai pada tahun 2001 di Indonesia. Dilihat dari struktur kesempatan politik, keberhasilan perumusan Deklarasi Hak Asasi Petani dan Orang-Orang yang Bekerja di Pedesaan  mampu didesakkan tatkala terjadinya perubahan struktur politik di Indonesia. Hal ini berakibat pada mampunya SPI merumuskan Deklarasi Hak Asasi Petani Indonesia pada tahun 2001, yang kelak menjadi dasar bagi Deklarasi Hak Asasi Petani dan Orang-Orang yang Bekerja di Pedesaan. Dilihat dari struktur mobilisasi, keberhasilan SPI dalam melakukan mobilisasi, yakni membentuk aliansi taktik maupun strategis sebagai wadah perjuangan di tingkat internasional, berhasil memasifkan perjuangan agar disahkannya sebuah instrumen mengenai perlindungan hak-hak petani. Sementara itu, kemampuan SPI berjejaring di gerakan petani itnernasional memungkinkan dikonstruksinya isu hak asasi petani, yang sebelumnya isu di tingkat lokal menjadi isu internasional yang dapat diterima secara universal. Hal ini menjadi faktor penguat menjadi disahkannya Deklarasi Hak Asasi Petani dan Orang-Orang yang Bekerja di Pedesaan.


This article discusses the success of the Indonesian Peasant Union (SPI) in the formulation of peasant rights declarations in 2018. The success of the SPI can be seen from the adoption of the Declaration of the Rights of Peasants and People Working in Rural Areas by the United Nations Human Rights Council Nation (UN) last December 2018. In analyzing the above, the theory of integration of social movements is used which is an attempt to synthesize three dimensions / approaches namely political opportunity structure, social mobilization structure, and cultural framing. The results of the analysis of this study indicate that the success of the SPI struggle in the formulation of the declaration of peasant rights in 2018 cannot be separated from the role of each dimension / approach, which is described in the theory of social movement integration. This can be seen from the efforts of SPI to campaign for ideas on peasant rights, which had begun in 2001 in Indonesia. The analysisi from the political opportunity structure, the success of the formulation of the Declaration of the Rights of Peasants and People Working in Rural Areas was able to be pushed when there was a change in political structure in Indonesia. This resulted in the SPI being able to formulate the Declaration of Indonesian Peasant Rights in 2001, which later became the basis for the Declaration of the Rights of Peasant and People Working in the Rural Areas. From the structural mobilization analysis, the success of SPI in mobilizing, namely forming a tactic and strategic alliance as a forum for struggle at the international level, succeeded in ensuring the struggle for the passage of an instrument regarding the protection of farmers rights. Meanwhile, SPIs ability to network in the international peasant movement has enabled the construction of peasant rights issues, which previously issues at the local level became an international issue that could be universally accepted. This has become a reinforcing factor to the ratification of the Declaration of the Rights of Peasants and People Working in the Countryside.

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2019
T53275
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library