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"Latar Belakang: Pneumonia merupakan penyakit menular pada saluran pernapasan termasuk tiga besar penyakit penyebab mortalitas balita Indonesia pada 2019—2022. Kota Tangerang, bagian Provinsi Banten yang termasuk peringkat tiga nasional penemuan pneumonia balita tahun 2022, melaporkan 5247 kasus pneumonia balita di tahun yang sama berdasarkan Profil Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan cakupan rumah sehat, status gizi kurang, BBLR, pemberian ASI eksklusif, dan kepadatan penduduk terhadap pneumonia balita di Kota Tangerang tahun 2022. Metode: Studi ekologi dengan unit analisis 13 kecamatan. Data bulanan dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat (Korelasi Pearson dan Korelasi Spearman), dan multivariat (Regresi Linear Berganda). Hasil: Cakupan rumah sehat berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian pneumonia balita di 2 kecamatan, yaitu Karang Tengah (p-value = 0,036) dengan korelasi kuat negatif (r = -0,607) dan Batuceper (p-value = 0,013) dengan korelasi kuat positif (ρ = 0,689). Pemberian ASI eksklusif berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian pneumonia balita di Kecamatan Tangerang (p-value = 0,028) dengan korelasi kuat negatif (r = -0,629). Kepadatan penduduk berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian pneumonia balita 2 kecamatan, yaitu Karawaci (p-value = 0,045) dengan korelasi kuat positif (r = 0,586) dan Periuk (p-value = 0,015) dengan korelasi kuat positif (ρ = 0,681). Sementara itu, variabel yang tidak berhubungan signifikan (p-value >0,05) dengan kejadian pneumonia balita di seluruh kecamatan adalah status gizi kurang dan BBLR. Pengaruh terbesar kejadian pneumonia balita adalah cakupan rumah sehat di 2 kecamatan (Cipondoh dan Tangerang), status gizi kurang di 7 kecamatan (Ciledug, Karang Tengah, Pinang, Jatiuwung, Cibodas, Periuk, dan Batuceper), BBLR di 3 kecamatan (Larangan, Karawaci, dan Benda), dan kepadatan penduduk di Kecamatan Neglasari. Kesimpulan: Beberapa variabel berhubungan signifikan dan berkorelasi kuat dengan kejadian pneumonia balita, yakni cakupan rumah sehat di Karang Tengah (r = -0,607) dan Batuceper (ρ = 0,689), pemberian ASI eksklusif di Kecamatan Tangerang (r = -0,629), dan kepadatan penduduk di Karawaci (r = 0,586) dan Periuk (ρ = 0,681).

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Background: Pneumonia is an infectious respiratory disease and ranks among the top three causes of under-five mortality in Indonesia from 2019—2022. Tangerang City (part of Banten Province that ranked third nationally in under-five pneumonia cases in 2022) reported 5247 pneumonia cases on Profil Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang’s publication.

Objective: To examine the relationship between healthy house coverage, wasting, low birth weight (LBW), exclusive breastfeeding, and population density with under-five pneumonia in Tangerang City in 2022.

Methods: An ecological study was conducted, with the unit of analysis consisting of 13 sub-districts. Monthly data were analyzed through univariate, bivariate (Pearson and Spearman Correlation), and multivariate analyses (Multiple Linear Regression).

Results: Healthy house coverage was significantly associated with under-five pneumonia in 2 sub-districts, namely Karang Tengah (p-value = 0,036) with strong and negative correlation (r = -0,607) and Batuceper (p-value = 0,013) with strong and positive correlation (ρ = 0,689). Exclusive breastfeeding was significantly associated with under-five pneumonia in Tangerang sub-district (pvalue = 0,028) with strong and negative correlation (r = -0,629). Population density was significantly associated with under-five pneumonia in 2 sub-districts, namely Karawaci (p-value = 0,045) with strong and positive correlation (r = 0,586) and Periuk (p-value = 0,015) with strong and positive correlation (ρ = 0,681). Meanwhile, variables that were not significantly associated were wasting and LBW. The most significant influences on under-five pneumonia were healthy house coverage in 2 sub-districts (Cipondoh and Tangerang), wasting in 7 sub-districts (Ciledug, Karang Tengah, Pinang, Jatiuwung, Cibodas, Periuk, and Batuceper), LBW in 3 sub-districts (Larangan, Karawaci, and Benda), and population density in Neglasari sub-district.

Conclusion: Several variables were significantly related and strongly correlated with under-five pneumonia, namely healthy house coverage in Karang Tengah (r = -0,607) and Batuceper (ρ = 0,689), exclusive breastfeeding in Tangerang sub-district (r = -0,629), and population density in Karawaci (r = 0,586) and Periuk (ρ = 0,681)."

"Tuberkulosis masih menjadi penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia, termasuk Indonesia sebagai negara ke-3 tertinggi penderita tuberkulosis di dunia. Sementara pada tingkat provinsi, Kota Depok berada pada urutan 11 dengan penyumbang kasus tuberkulosis terbanyak di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara rumah sehat, cakupan pengobatan TB, dan angka keberhasilan pengobatan TB dengan Incidence Rate (IR) tuberkulosis di Kota Depok tahun 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi berdasarkan tempat dengan populasi seluruh masyarakat yang tercatat di 11 kecamatan di Kota Depok yang terdiagnosis penyakit tuberkulosis. Hasil penelitian melalui uji korelasi menunjukkan variabel independen yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan Insidence Rate (IR) tuberkulosis adalah cakupan pengobatan di Kecamatan Bojongsari (p = 0.000). Sementara hasil uji korelasi cakupan rumah sehat, cakupan pengobatan TB, angka keberhasilan pengobatan TB di Kota Depok menunjukkan hubungan yang tidak signifikan. Hasil analisis lainnya, cakupan rumah sehat di Kota Depok memiliki keeratan hubungan lemah berpola negatif (r = -0.173), cakupan pengobatan TB memiliki keeratan hubungan lemah berpola positif (r = 0.184), dan angka keberhasilan pengobatan TB memiliki keeratan hubungan kuat berpola negatif (r = -0.584).

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Tuberculosis is still the main cause of death worldwide, including Indonesia as the 3rd country with the highest number of tuberculosis sufferers in the world. Meanwhile, at the provincial level, Depok City is in 11th place with the largest contributor to tuberculosis cases in West Java Province. This study aims to determine the relationship between healthy homes, TB treatment coverage, and TB treatment success rates with the Incidence Rate (IR) tuberculosis in Depok City in 2021. This study uses an ecological study design based on place with a population of all communities recorded in 11 sub-districts in Depok. Depok City, which was diagnosed with tuberculosis. The results of the study through the correlation test showed that the independent variables that had a significant relationship with the Incidence Rate (IR) of tuberculosis is treatment coverage in Bojongsari District (p = 0.000). Meanwhile, the results of the correlation test between healthy home coverage, TB treatment coverage, and TB treatment success rates in Depok City showed an insignificant relationship. The results of other analyzes showed that the coverage of healthy homes in Depok City had a weak negative correlation (r = -0.173), TB treatment coverage had a weak positive correlation (r = 0.184), and the success rate of TB treatment had a strong negative correlation (r = -0.584)."