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Abstrak :
Studi pembuatan nanokapsul sebagai material novel telah dilakukan untuk aplikasi sebagai immunosensor Nanokapsul telah dibuat dengan Cara mengisolasi nanopartikel emas dalam bungkus 4 Iapisan ultratipis polielektrolit (polidialildimetilamin nidroklorida dan polistirene sulfonat) dengan teknik pelapisan bertanap (layer-by-layer). Teknik pelapisan bertahap (layer-by-layer) digunakan untuk melapisi molekul pengnasil signal sebagai suatu kapsul berukuran nano dan mikro dengan suatu polimer elektrolit, yang nantinya merupakan tempat melekatnya protein untuk membentuk suatu sistem imunosensor Partikel pengnasil signal dibuat sekeoil mungkin (dalam dimensi nanometer) dengan harapan jumlan molekul protein yang akan dilekatkan Iebin nomogen. Dengan melapisi nanopartikel emas menggunakan teknik pelapisan bertanap menggunakan polielektrolit diperolen kapsul yang berukuran nanometer. Deteksi kuantitatif analit kemudian dilakukan dengan oara melarutkan nanokapsul pada Iarutan KCN yang kemudian dianalisa secara elektrokimia menggunakan teknik stripping voltametri pada kondisi vvaktu deposisi 330 detik, potensial deposisi -600 mV dan scan rate 250 mV/s. Diperoleh kaciar Au dalam nanokapsul yang terbentuk sebesar 0.25 % (w/w).

Abstrak :
Instrumental thin-layer chromatography delivers comprehensive coverage of this separation tool with particular emphasis on how this tool can be used in advanced laboratories and integrated into problem-solving scenarios. Significant improvements in instrumentation have outpaced the development of information resources that describe the latest state-of-the-art and demonstrate the full capabilities of TLC. This book provides a contemporary picture of the fundamentals and practical applications of TLC at a level suitable for the needs of professional scientists with interests in project management where TLC is a common tool. Compact, highly focused chapters convey essential information that defines modern TLC and how it can be effectively implemented in most areas of laboratory science. Numerous figures and tables provide access to material not normally found in a single source yet are required by working scientists.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penanggulangan penyakit Tuberkulosis terhambat disebabkan membutuhkan resimen penyembuhan yang lama. Selain itu, semua obat antituberkulosis lini pertama termasuk rifampisin (RIF) yang dikonsumsi secara oral memiliki efek samping, seperti: mual, hilangnya nafsu makan, dan iritasi kulit. Karena itu perlu dilakukan enkapsulasi obat. Enkapsulasi yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah menggunakan polisakarida yaitu alginat dan kitosan. Enkapsulan dibentuk menjadi matrik dengan metode sintesis perakitan sendiri lapis demi lapis (Layer-by-Layer Self Assembly). Untuk memonitor pelepasan obat, sistem enkapsulasi dimodifikasi dengan penambahan samarium (Sm). Sintesis matrik memanfaatkan membran polikarbonat sebagai templatenya. Lapisan pertama layer dibentuk dari larutan kitosan (Chit) dan larutan alginat (Alg) sebagai pembentuk layer kedua. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan rifampisin termodifikasi samarium berhasil terjerap dalam matrik kitosan-alginat (Chit-Alg). Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan distribusi ukuran partikel dapat membentuk ukuran hingga 0,17 µm dalam bentuk cair sedangkan dalam bentuk padatan, matrik Chit-Alg-RIF-Sm berukuran 2,27 ± 0,19 µm. Formulasi Chit-Alg-RIF-Sm dengan konsentrasi samarium 5500 ppm berhasil menjerap rifampisin hingga 71,22%. Matrik Chit-Alg-RIF-Sm berpotensi sebagai sistem penghantaran pembawa obat.

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ABSTRACT
First-line anti-tuberculosis drugs including Rifampicin (RIF) that consumed orally have detrimental effects. Therefore it’s necessary to encapsulate the drug with appropriate encapsulan. In this study, encapsulation was done by using alginate and chitosan as a matrix component. Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly method was used to synthesis the matrix. To monitor drug delivery system, Rifampicin was modified by the addition of samarium (Sm). Polycarbonate membrane was used as the template. The first coating layer was formed by chitosan solution and alginate solution as the second. FTIR results showed samarium-modified Rifampicin successfully entrapped in chitosan-alginate (Chit-Alg) matrix. From the characterization, the matrix sizes showed up to 0,17 µm in liquid form while the solid matrix of Chit-Alg-RIF-Sm had sizes 2.27 ± 0.19 µm. Formulation Chit-Alg-RIF-Sm with 5500 ppm of Samarium can successfully adsorbed Rifampicin up to 71.22%. Chit-Alg-RIF-Sm has potential for drug delivery carrier system.

Abstrak :
Perancangan dan fabrikasi Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) semakin berkembang pesat seiring dengan dibutuhkannya OLED yang mudah difabrikasi dan menghasilkan performa yang lebih baik. Pada skripsi ini telah dilakukan simulasi dan fabrikasi OLED menggunakan proses laminasi. Simulasi menggunakan software SimOLED 4.5 dengan dua jenis struktur ITO/PFO/Al dan ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Al. Sementara itu untuk fabrikasi telah dihasilkan empat divais dengan struktur ITO/PFO/Al dan ITO/PEDOT:PSS//PFO/Al. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis mengenai pengaruh PEDOT:PSS dan pembersihan ITO menggunakan ultrasonic cleaning terhadap karakteristik I-V OLED. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan karakteristik terhadap variasi anoda yang dilakukan namun pada fabrikasi penambahan PEDOT:PSS pada struktur dan pembersihan ITO menggunakan ultrasonic cleaning dapat menurunkan tegangan threshold. Divais dengan struktur ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PFO/Al dengan dilakukan pembersihan ITO memiliki performa terbaik dengan tegangan threshold terendah sebesar 1,6 V. ......Design and fabrication of Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) is growing rapidly along with the need for a convenient OLED fabricated and produce better performance. In this thesis has been carried out simulation and fabrication of OLEDs using a lamination process. SimOLED 4.5 software simulation using the two types of structure ITO / PFO / Al and ITO / PEDOT: PSS / Al. Meanwhile for the fabrication has produced four devices with structure ITO / PFO / Al and ITO / PEDOT: PSS // PFO / Al. Further analysis on the effect of PEDOT: PSS and ITO cleaning using ultrasonic cleaning of the I-V characteristics of OLED. The simulation results showed that no differences in the characteristics of the variety anode made yet on fabricating the addition of PEDOT: PSS on the structure and cleaning of ITO using ultrasonic cleaning can lower the threshold voltage. Devices with the structure of ITO / PEDOT: PSS / PFO / Al to do the cleaning ITO has the best performance with the lowest threshold voltage of 1.6 V.

Abstrak :
Pengembangan biosensor berbasis antibodi (immunosensor) telah berkembang dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Pada penelitian ini akan dikembangkan immunosensor menggunakan nanopartikel emas, sebagai template, yang dipadukan dengan teknik pelapisan bertahap (layer by layer) dengan polielekrolit membentuk nanokapsul. Nanokapsul ini peka terhadap antibodi (anti-insulin) sebagai lapisan terluar melalui adsorpsi elektrostatik. Nanokapsul yang dihasilkan digunakan untuk melakukan sandwich immunoassay untuk mendeteksi insulin. Penelitian ini membahas keefektifan metode assay dengan pemecahan inti dan tanpa pemecahan inti nanokapsul pada immunosensor yang dilakukan dengan teknik ASV, serta mengetahui ada tidaknya interaksi antara nanopartikel dengan protein yang dilakukan dengan spektrofotometer UV-Visible. Terjadinya perubahan absorbansi dan panjang gelombang pada spektrum menunjukkan adanya interaksi nanopartikel dengan protein. Nanopartikel lebih peka dengan protein dalam hal ini antibodi anti-insulin sebagai lapisan terluar melalui adsorpsi elektrostatik. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa konsentrasi Au hasil immunoassay tanpa pemecahan inti adalah sebesar 29,74 μM - 29,81μM, sedangkan konsentrasi Au hasil immunoassay dengan pemecahan inti adalah sebesar 31,50 μM - 47,46 μM. ......Development of biosensor based antibody (immunosensor) has grown in recent years. This research will develope immunosensor using gold nanoparticles as a template which is combined with layer by layer techniques to form polyelectrolyte nanocapsules. These are sensitive to antibody (anti-insulin) as the outer layer through electrostatic adsorption. Nanocapsules which are produced is used to make a sandwich immunoassay to detect insulin. This study discusses the effectiveness of the method of assay by core solution and without core solution of nanocapsule on immunosensor that was done by using ASV and determine whether there is interaction between the nanoparticles with the protein that was done by UV-Visible spectrophotometer, and also determine whether there is interaction between the nanoparticles with protein. UV-Visible spectrophotometer is used to characterize it. The change of absorbance and wavelength on the spectrum show the existence of nanoparticle interaction with proteins. Nanoparticles are more sensitive to the proteins ( anti-insulin antibody as the outer layer) through electrostatic adsorption. The results of this study are immunoassay without core solution give concentration of Au amounted to 29.74 μM - 29.82 μM, whereas immunoassay with core solution give concentration of Au amounted to 31.50μM - 47.46 μM.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Tesis desain ini berawal dari sebuah konsep exaggeration yang menjadi awal penemuan sebuah metode perancangan yang berbasis pada konteks. Konteks yang tidak bisa dilepaskan dalam sebuah perancangan dianalisis menggunakan metode layering yang menjadi bagian penting dari konsep exaggeration. Metode layering dalam konteks spasial melibatkan interaksi yang terjadi pada tiga layer, Layer pertama merupakan layer yang menggambarkan adanya hasrat manusia yang perlu dipenuhi. Kemudian layer tersebut ditanggapi oleh layer kedua yang mencoba memasukkan order ke dalamnya. Namun order tersebut seringkali tidak bisa memenuhi kebutuhan pada layer pertama yang akhirnya memunculkan layer ketiga sebagai tanggapan atas layer dua untuk memenuhi layer pertama.

Dalam proses perancangan selanjutnya, layer ketiga merupakan layer terjadinya perkembangan desain yang terbentuk dari interaksi antara layer satu dan layer dua. Perkembangan metode layering diimplementasikan melalui gagasan choreography of movement yang menjadikan movement sebagai hal utama yang menjadi dasar dalam perancangan sebuah pasar di daerah Tanah abang.

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ABSTRACT
This design thesis begins from the concept of exaggeration as an initial idea to context based design method. Context inherent in design process is analyzed by layering method, which is an important aspect on exaggeration. Layering method on spatial context involves three layers of interaction. The first layer describes the human desire to be fulfilled. The second layer responds to the first by trying to impose order into it. However, the order is often unable to meet the needs of the first layer, and this eventually leads to the formation of the third layer in response to the second layer to meet the human desire on the first layer.

In the design process, the third layer is where the design ideas develop, the created by interaction between the first and the second layer. The development of layering method then focuses on the idea of choreography of movement, in which movement becomes the main basis for design development of market in Tanah Abang.;This design thesis begins from the concept of exaggeration as an initial idea to context based design method. Context inherent in design process is analyzed by layering method, which is an important aspect on exaggeration. Layering method on spatial context involves three layers of interaction. The first layer describes the human desire to be fulfilled. The second layer responds to the first by trying to impose order into it. However, the order is often unable to meet the needs of the first layer, and this eventually leads to the formation of the third layer in response to the second layer to meet the human desire on the first layer. In the design process, the third layer is where the design ideas develop, the created by interaction between the first and the second layer. The development of layering method then focuses on the idea of choreography of movement, in which movement becomes the main basis for design development of market in Tanah Abang.;This design thesis begins from the concept of exaggeration as an initial idea to context based design method. Context inherent in design process is analyzed by layering method, which is an important aspect on exaggeration. Layering method on spatial context involves three layers of interaction. The first layer describes the human desire to be fulfilled. The second layer responds to the first by trying to impose order into it. However, the order is often unable to meet the needs of the first layer, and this eventually leads to the formation of the third layer in response to the second layer to meet the human desire on the first layer. In the design process, the third layer is where the design ideas develop, the created by interaction between the first and the second layer. The development of layering method then focuses on the idea of choreography of movement, in which movement becomes the main basis for design development of market in Tanah Abang.;This design thesis begins from the concept of exaggeration as an initial idea to context based design method. Context inherent in design process is analyzed by layering method, which is an important aspect on exaggeration. Layering method on spatial context involves three layers of interaction. The first layer describes the human desire to be fulfilled. The second layer responds to the first by trying to impose order into it. However, the order is often unable to meet the needs of the first layer, and this eventually leads to the formation of the third layer in response to the second layer to meet the human desire on the first layer. In the design process, the third layer is where the design ideas develop, the created by interaction between the first and the second layer. The development of layering method then focuses on the idea of choreography of movement, in which movement becomes the main basis for design development of market in Tanah Abang., This design thesis begins from the concept of exaggeration as an initial idea to context based design method. Context inherent in design process is analyzed by layering method, which is an important aspect on exaggeration. Layering method on spatial context involves three layers of interaction. The first layer describes the human desire to be fulfilled. The second layer responds to the first by trying to impose order into it. However, the order is often unable to meet the needs of the first layer, and this eventually leads to the formation of the third layer in response to the second layer to meet the human desire on the first layer. In the design process, the third layer is where the design ideas develop, the created by interaction between the first and the second layer. The development of layering method then focuses on the idea of choreography of movement, in which movement becomes the main basis for design development of market in Tanah Abang.]

Abstrak :
Dewasa ini aflatoksin mendapat banyak perhatian di kalangan banyak ahli, karena diduga keras bahwa senyawa tersebut merupakan bahan penyebab kanker (karsinogenik). Akibat yang paling mencemaskan bagi mereka yang mengkonsumsi bahan makanan yang tercemar aflatoksin ialah kerusakkan hati dari tingkat yang paling ringan sampai paling berat, yakni kanker hati. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk identifikasi dan penetapan kadar cemaran aflatoksin dalam makanan yang mengandung kacang tanah dan kacang kedelai secara KLT densitometri, menggunakan fase diam lempeng KLT silika gel 60 GF254 dan fase gerak kloroform-etil asetat (7:3) dengan deteksi fluoresensi pada panjang gelombang eksitasi 354 nm. Hasil dari pembuatan kurva kalibrasi aflatoksin B1 (AFB1) dan aflatoksin G1 (AFG1) antara 10-100 ppb; batas deteksi AFB1 dan AFG1 masing-masing 2,93 ppb dan 4,77 ppb.Penerapan metode ini pada sembilan macam sampel yang mengandung kacang tanah dan kacang kedelai menunjukkan hasil positif AFB1 pada delapan sampel dengan kadar 1-4 ppb dan satu sampel yang positif AFB1 dan AFG1, dengan kadar AFG1 4,43 ppb. Hasil ini lebih kecil dari LOD dan LOQ. ......At present, aflatoxin is beginning to get more attention from the scientist, because highly suspected that this compound is carcinogenic. The most anxious effect to them who consumed food-contaminated by aflatoxin is liver damaged, which varied from the lowest level until the highly dangerous level (liver cancer). This study was designed to identified and determined the aflatoxin concentration in the food samples which contain peanut and beans. That using TLC-densitometry, the analitycal condition is using: TLC silica gel 60 GF254 as the stationary phase, chloroform-ethyl asetat (7:3) as the mobile phase, fluorescence measurement mode with the 354 nm. The results showed calibration curve of AFB1 and AFG1 between 10-100 ppb; detection limit of AFB1 and AFG1 are 2.93 ppb and 4.77 ppb. The implementation of this method in 9 samples that contain peanuts and soy beans that sold in the market shows positive of AFB1 in 8 samples with concentration of AFB1 1-4 ppb and positive of AFB1 and AFG1 in only one sample with concentration 4.565 ppb. This results less than LOD and LOQ.