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Abstrak :
Tesis ini membahas terjemahan beranotasi yang merupakan hasil terjemahan yang disertai anotasi atau diberikan catatan sebagai bentuk pertanggungjawaban penerjemah atas padanan yang dipilihnya. Penerjemahan anotasi ini melibatkan sejumlah teori, yakni ideologi, metode, dan teknik penerjemahan. Pemilihan teori dimaksudkan agar terjemahan sesuai dengan tujuan skopos penerjemahan. Ideologi pelokalan dipilih dalam menerjemahankan TSu dengan alasan agar terjemahan dapat berterima bagi pembaca sasaran yang terbilang awam dalam memahami konteks budaya TSa yang berlatar budaya Amerika. Sementara itu, metode semantis dan komunikatif dipilih dengan alasan edukatif, yakni selain berterima, TSa diharapkan mampu mengedukasi pembaca sasaran terkait perbedaan konteks budaya. Dalam penerjemahan karya sastra, penerjemah tidak hanya sekadar dapat mengalihkan pesan dari TSu ke TSa, tetapi juga dituntut untuk memiliki kreatifitas tinggi dalam mencari padanan dalam BSa. ......The focus of this study is an annotated translation which is a translation supported by annotations translator rsquo s commentary as the translator rsquo s accountability on the equivalents chosen. This translating and annotating process requires a set of theories consisting the ideology, methods, and techniques. The theories must be selected or applied to produce a translation based on certain translation goals skopos. Domesticating is dominant in translating the ST due to the acceptance of the translation to the target readers that are considered having lacking in competence in understanding the American culture ST. Meanwhile, semantic and communicative methods are chosen based on educational purpose meaning that in addition to the acceptance, TT is expected to be able to educate the readers related to the culture gap. In translating literary texts, a translator is not only capable in rendering the meaning from ST to TT, but is also demanded to be creative in searching for the appropriate equivalence.

Abstrak :
Karena nilai budayanya, metafora disetujui sebagai salah satu masalah penerjemahan, terutama dalam penerjemahan sastra. Dengan demikian, makalah ini menggabungkan teori prosedur penerjemahan yang dikemukakan oleh Peter Newmark (1988) dan Gideon Toury's (1995) serta teori foreingnisasi dan domestikasi yang dikemukakan oleh Venuti (1995). Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana prosedur penerjemahan metafora, serta strategi penerjemahan foreignisasi dan domestikasi, diterapkan dalam dua terjemahan bahasa Indonesia dari novel berjudul Frankenstein yang ditulis oleh Mary Shelley. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua hasil terjemahan yang berbeda untuk mengumpulkan data. Terjemahan pertama (TT1) diterbitkan oleh Gramedia Publisher, dan terjemahan kedua (TT2) diterbitkan oleh Qanita Publisher. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari tujuh prosedur yang digunakan, hanya satu yang tidak diterapkan. Penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan bahwa kedua terjemahan tersebut menggunakan strategi foreignisasi dan domestikasi. Namun, TT1 condong ke arah foreignisasi dan TT2 cenderung lebih menggunakan strategi domestikasi. ......Because of its cultural value, metaphor is agreed as one of the translation problems, especially in literary translation. Thus, this paper combines theories of translation procedures proposed by Peter Newmark (1988) and Gideon Toury’s (1995) and foreignization and domestication theories proposed by Venuti (1995). This paper aims to analyze how the procedure of metaphor translation, as well as the translation strategies of foreignization and domestication, are applied in two Indonesian translations of a novel titled Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. This research uses two different translations of the novel to collect the data. The first translation (TT1) is published by Gramedia Publisher, and the second translation (TT2) is published by Qanita Publisher. The research shows that out of the seven procedures that are utilized, only one that is not applied. Also, this research reveals that the two translations use both of foreignization and domestication strategy. However, TT1 leans towards foreignization and TT2 tends to involve domestication moreBecause of its cultural value, metaphor is agreed as one of the translation problems, especially in literary translation. Thus, this paper combines theories of translation procedures proposed by Peter Newmark (1988) and Gideon Toury’s (1995) and foreignization and domestication theories proposed by Venuti (1995). This paper aims to analyze how the procedure of metaphor translation, as well as the translation strategies of foreignization and domestication, are applied in two Indonesian translations of a novel titled Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. This research uses two different translations of the novel to collect the data. The first translation (TT1) is published by Gramedia Publisher, and the second translation (TT2) is published by Qanita Publisher. The research shows that out of the seven procedures that are utilized, only one that is not applied. Also, this research reveals that the two translations use both of foreignization and domestication strategy. However, TT1 leans towards foreignization and TT2 tends to involve domestication more.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Artikel ini menelaah strategi penerjemahan yang digunakan dalam menerjemahkan profanity dalam novel The Catcher in the Rye beserta efeknya pada penokohan si narator. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat efek dari strategi penerjemahan tertentu terhadap unsur penokohan. Penelitian semacam ini akan menghasilkan keuntungan akademis dan praktis. Penelitian ini akan berfokus pada Bab 25, bab kedua dari terakhir di mana klimaks cerita terjadi. Untuk meneliti jumlah strategi yang dipakai, artikel ini menggunakan statistic, sedangkan metode kualitatif-deskriptif digunakan untuk meneliti efek strategi tersebut terhadap penokohan si narator. Strategi tersebut diklasifikasin berdasarkan sistem Baker 1992 , sedangkan dalam menilai unsur penokohan, argument Nida mengenai pentingnya penokohan akan menjadi dasar penilaian. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penerjemah novel tersebut utamanya menggunakan strategi softening dan omission. Hal ini berdampak pada penokohan si narator yang jauh berbeda dari versi aslinya, di mana ia menjadi lebih santun dan taat pada norma sosial. Namun, dikarenakan cakupan penelitian yang terbatas, penelitian lebih lanjut akan diperlukan untuk dapat menarik kesimpulan yang lebih dalam.

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ABSTRACT
This paper investigates the translation strategies used in translating profanity in the novel The Catcher in the Rye and their effects on the narrator rsquo;s characterisation. The purpose is to see the effects that certain translation strategies have on characterisation, an important literary element. Such a study will provide academic and practical benefits. This paper will focus on Chapter 25, the penultimate chapter where the climax takes place. This paper uses statistics to examine the number of translation strategies used and the qualitative-descriptive method to examine the effects on the narrator rsquo;s characterisation. The strategies will be classified based on Baker rsquo;s 1992 proposed strategies, while Nida rsquo;s 2000 argument regarding the importance of characterisation will be the framework for evaluating the characterisation. This paper finds that the Indonesian translator overwhelmingly used the strategies of softening and omission. This results in a significantly different characterisation of the narrator, in which he becomes less irreverent and more conscious of social norms. However, as the scope of this study is limited, a further study of the whole novel will be necessary.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian masalah penerjemahan yang bertujuan mendeskripsikan penerjemahan kata budaya dari novel Entrok ke dalam The Years of the Voiceless 2013. Penelitian dilakukan melalui ancangan kualitatif dan ancangan fungsional dengan model kausal komparatif yang diusulkan oleh Williams dan Chesterman untuk melihat prosedur penerjemahan kata budaya yang diterapkan penerjemah dalam mencapai skopos. Berdasarkan kategori kata budaya Newmark, peneliti ini mengidentifikasi 80 kata budaya yang dianggap representatif, meliputi kategori budaya materiel; kategori budaya sosial dan hiburan; dan kategori organisasi, adat, prosedur, aktivitas, dan konsep. Data dikumpulkan melalui penelitian perpustakaan dan wawancara dengan penerjemah. Setelah dikumpulkan, data itu dianalisis melalui teknik analisis kausal komparatif, yaitu dengan membandingkan kata budaya dalam TSu dan terjemahannya dalam TSa dan menganalisis prosedur penerjemahan yang diterapkan penerjemah untuk memenuhi skopos. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan empat masalah penerjemahan, yaitu 1 konsep dan referen dalam BSu tidak ditemukan di dalam BSa, 2 referen dan konsep BSu tidak dileksikalkan di dalam BSa, 3 BSa kekurangan kata spesifik dalam BSu, 4 adanya perbedaan perspektif antara BSu dan BSa dalam melihat referen yang sama. Untuk mengatasi masalah-masalah penerjemahan itu, penerjemah menerapkan 9 prosedur penerjemahan yang meliputi eksplisitasi, generalisasi, harfiah, kalki, kuplet transferensi dan catatan kaki, transposisi dan padanan budaya, transposisi dan padanan deskriptif, padanan budaya, padanan deskriptif, padanan fungsional, dan transferensi. TSa memenuhi skoposnya melalui prosedur penerjemahan yang diterapkan dengan mempertimbangkan konteks. Berdasarkan ulasan pembaca, TSa dianggap berhasil mempertahankan gaya bahasa penulis dan memberikan nuansa budaya TSu. Pemberian penjelasan tambahan pada catatan kaki membantu pembaca memahami makna kata budaya TSu tetapi mengurangi kenyamanan dalam membaca. ......This research on translation problems aims to describe the translation of cultural words from Entrok novel into The Years of the Voiceless 2013. This research was conducted through qualitative and functional approaches and was analyzed by using Williams and Chesterman's causal comparative model to see the translation procedures applied to fulfill the skopos. Based on Newmark's cultural words category, the researcher identified 80 cultural words that were categorized into 1 material culture 2 social culture and leisure and 3 organization, customs, procedure, activity, and concept. The data were collected through library research and interview with the translator. The research then used the causal comparative technique to compare the source text's cultural words with its translation and to analyze the translation procedures chosen by the translator to fulfill the skopos of TT. There are four translation problems found in this research and they are 1 a reference and concept in SL having no reference and concept in TL, 2 a reference and a concept in SL not lexicalized in TL, 3 TL lacking of specific words, and 4 different perspective between SL and TL in viewing a reference. To deal with those translation problems, there are 9 procedures applied by the translator that include explicitation, generalization, literal, calque, couplet transference and footnote, transposition and cultural equivalent, transposition and functional equivalent, cultural equivalent, descriptive equivalent, functional equivalent, and transference. TT fulfills its skopos through the translation procedures applied by considering the ST's context. According to the review of TT readers, TT is considered succeed to maintain the writer's language of style and give the nuance of ST's culture. The footnote also helps TT readers to understand ST cultural words but minimizes readers'comfort in reading.

Abstrak :
A literary text typically contains many cultural elements often presented in a very concise manner to enhance its readability and aesthetic quality. Its translation can be challenging when there is a gap between source culture and target culture. Thus, a translator has to make an ideological choice: either to foreignize or to domesticize. This paper aims to identify and examine the ideology applied by a literary translator when translating culturally-divergent translation units. Bram Stoker’s Dracula and its Indonesian translation by Suwarni were selected as data source due to the novel’s significant number of cultural references unfamiliar to modern Indonesians. Forty units were selected for this paper and classified into several groups. Results show that the translator used various strategies, both foreignizing and domesticizing ones, to translate even similar units, indicating her considerable freedom. Furthermore, the results also show that translation ideology is a flexible concept which can shift throughout a translation project and be represented as a multipoint continuum. Moreover, both foreignization and domestication may take place at different levels, depending on various factors such as presence of information, extent of modification, and relevance of information.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penerjemahan kata budaya dalam novel Laskar Pelangi ke bahasa Jepang, dalam novel Niji no Shoonentachi. Penelitian ini menggunakan ancangan deskriptif dengan model komparatif. Kata budaya dalam penelitian ini ditentukan berdasarkan klasifikasiyang dikemukakan oleh Newmark. Dalam penelitian ini telah dikumpulkan 186 data dari dua kategori unsur budaya saja, yaitu materi dan ekologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik simak, artinya membaca kedua teks itu. Analisis komparatif atas data menggunakan alat kerja berupa kamus baik cetak maupun daring. Sebagai hasilnya, ditemukan terjemahan 161 kata budaya yang sepadan dan 25 tidak sepadan. Strategi yang digunakan oleh penerjemah adalah penerjemahan harfiah, kata umum, penyulihan budaya, kuplet, naturalisasi bahasa Indonesia, penghilangan, deskriptif, naturalisasi bahasa Inggris, dan kalki. Sementara itu, gaya bahasa penerjemah cenderung mengikuti gaya bahasa pengarang atau mempertahankan nilai estetis teks sumber. Dengan begitu, penerjemah menerjemahkan Laskar Pelangi berdasarkan ideologi penerjemahan pengasingan dan telah menghasilkan terjemahan yang berkualitas. ......This research aims to clarify the method and technique of the translation of cultural words in ldquo Laskar Pelangi rdquo into Japanese novel, ldquo Niji no Shoonentachi. rdquo This research uses descriptive approach with comparative models. Cultural words in this study are determined based on the classification proposed by Newmark rsquo s models. In this research 186 data have been collected according to the two cultural categories, namely, material one and ecological one. The data collection is done by comparing Japanese the target language, and Indonesian the source language. This comparative analysis of the data uses work tools such as dictionaries, both prints and online.As a result, there are 161 equivalences and 25 not equivalences found out of the 186 data in the translation. The strategy used by the translator consists of literal translation, using general words, cultural substitution, couplet, naturalization from Indonesian, omission, descriptive, naturalization from English and calque. Meanwhile, style of a translator tends to follow that of literal expression of an author, trying to bring out the aesthetic value of the source language. Following this tendency and attitude, the translator of ldquo Laskar Pelangi rdquo has produced the quality of translation.

Abstrak :
Tesis ini adalah sebuah laporan penelitian mengenai penerjemahan ungkapan budaya materi yang ada dalam novel Fires of Winter (1980) karya Johanna Lindsey. Penerjemahan merupakan suatu kegiatan pengalihan pesan dari satu bahasa ke bahasa lain. Salah satu hambatan yang sering ditemukan penerjemah adalah penerjemahan cultural words, yaitu suatu ungkapan yang memuat suatu unsur budaya spesifik. Ada lima kategori ungkapan budaya yang dapat menimbulkan hambatan ini, salah satunya adalah kategori budaya materi (material culture), yaitu bentuk kebudayaan yang berwujud benda-benda yang memiliki nilai guna dan nilai sejarah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan korelasi antara teknik penerjemahan dengan keberhasilan penerjemahan ungkapan bermuatan budaya materi bahasa Inggris di dalam novel Fires of Winter (1980) karya Johanna Lindsey dan padanannya dalam bahasa Indonesia dalam novel terjemahannya berjudul Gairah Cinta Viking (2011) yang diterjemahkan oleh Elliyanti Jacob Saleh. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode studi kepustakaan menggunakan ancangan kualitatif dengan model penelitian komparatif. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa di dalam novel Fires of Winter karya Johanna Lindsey terdapat 7 kategori budaya materi. Dalam menerjemahkan ungkapan bermuatan budaya materi tersebut, penerjemah menerapkan 12 teknik penerjemahan tunggal dan 3 teknik kombinasi dua teknik penerjemahan (kuplet). Dari total 100 data yang dianalisis, 88 data ditemukan sepadan, sedangkan 12 data ditemukan tidak sepadan. Dengan pembulatan jumlah persentase kesepadanan 80%, maka penerjemahan ungkapan bermuatan budaya materi dalam novel Fires of Winter karya Johanna Lindsey dapat dinyatakan berhasil. Berdasarkan temuan-temuan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam menerjemahakan ungkapan budaya materi, khususnya ungkapan berupa nomina dalam karya sastra, teknik penerjemahan padanan lazimmerupakan teknik penerjemahan yang paling tepat. Hal ini karena nomina budaya materi memiliki definisi yang konkret, mulai dari bentuk, fungsi, hingga bahan baku budaya tersebut dapat dilihat langsung dan tidak terpengaruh oleh konteks. Akan tetapi dalam menerapkan teknik ini, pengetahuan serta ketelitian penerjemah akan budaya dan struktur bahasa TSu dan TSa, serta riset mendalam mengenai budaya tersebut, sangat dibutuhkan agar isi pesan yang ada dalam TSu dapat tersampaikan dalam TSa secara utuh. ......This thesis is a research report on the translation of material culture words in the novel Fires of Winter (1980) by Johanna Lindsey. Translation is an activity of transferring messages from one language to another. One of the obstacles that translators often encounter is the translation of cultural words, which is words that contains a specific cultural element. There are five categories of cultural words that can cause these obstacles, one of which comes in the form of material culture, which is a culture in the form of things or objects that has benefits and historical values. This study aims to describe the correlations between translation techniques and the success of translating phrases containing material culture words in Johanna Lindseys Fires of Winter (1980) novel from English to Indonesian language. The methodology used in this research is the library research method using a qualitative approach with a comparative research model. This study revealed that in Johanna Lindsey's Fires of Winter (1980) novel there are 7 categories of material culture. In translating material culture words, the translator applies 12 single translation techniques and 3 couplet translation techniques (a combination of two translation techniques). From 100 data analyzed, 88 data achieved equivalence in terms of contents and messages, while 12 data failed to achieve equivalence or were considered as mistranslations. By rounding up the equivalence percentage of 80%, the translation of material culture words in Johanna Lindseys Fires of Winter (1980) novel is successful. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that in translating material culture words, especially in the form of nouns inside literature, the established equivalent technique is the most appropriate translation technique to translate them. It is because material culture is a noun that has a concrete definition, starting from the form, the function, even the raw material of the culture can be described clearly and will not be affected by the context surrounding the words. However, in applying this technique, the translators knowledge and sensitivity about the culture and grammatical structure of both SL and TL languages, as well as in-depth research on the culture involved, are needed so that the message contained in the SL can be conveyed in the TL as a whole.