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Ditemukan 144 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
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Tambunan, Karmel Lindow
"ABSTRAK
Sirosis hati (SH) adalah penyakit hati menahun dan merupakan salah satu penyakit hati yang terbanyak dijumpai di Indonesia. Penyakit ini dilaporkan sebanyak 38 - 52,8% dari penyakit hati yang dirawat di rumah sakit di berbagai kota di Indonesia. Berbeda dengan di negara Barat Iebih dari 65% sirosis hati adalah sirosis alkoholik, di Indonesia 30-40% sirosis hati adalah sirosis hati posnekrosis. ada penderita SH akibat penurunan fungsi hati sering dijumpai berbagai masalah seperti asites, perdarahan, dan koma hepatikum.
Perdarahan merupakan manifestasi klinis akibat gangguan hemostasis. Perdarahan pada SH sudah diketahui sejak lama, yaitu ketika Budd pada tahun 1846 melaporkan bahwa darah penderita sirosis hati tidak membeku. Perdarahan pada sirosis hati dapat bervariasi mulai dari yang paling ringan, seperti perdarahan gusi, sampai dengan perdarahan berat; misalnya, hematemesis melena. Berat atau ringannya perdarahan yang terjadi bergantung pada berbagai hal, antara lain, pada besar dan tekanan varises esofagus, jenis dan beratnya trauma, serta beratnya gangguan hemostasis. Perdarahan pada SH perlu mendapat perhatian khusus karena selain menimbulkan kekhawatiran pada pasien, juga dapat memperburuk fungsi hati dan bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian.
Perdarahan pada SH di Indonesia dilaporkan sebanyak 56 - 65,5% (Reksodiputro dkk, 1978; Sulaiman, 1990), sedangkan diluar negeri dilaporkan bahwa 32% penderita sirosis hati yang mengalami perdarahan memerlukan transfuse darah. Dilaporkan pula bahwa frekuensi perdarahan lebih sering ditemukan pada sirosis hati posnekrosis, yaitu 64% dari 174 kasus jika dibandingkan dengan 35% dari 994 kasus sirosis alkoholik. Di Indonesia, diiaporkan kematian karena perdarahan sebanyak 32 - 45,5%. Di luar negeri angka kematian dilaporkan sebanyak yaitu 57 - 76% dalam kurun waktu tahun 1964 - 1972 .Pengalaman penulis sewaktu bertugas di bangsal penyakit dalam rumah sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM), selama kurun waktu 1969-1974 menemukan lebih kurang 90% pasien SH dengan perdarahan masif yaitu perdarahan lebih dari 6 cc/kgBBram akhirnya tidak dapat tertolong dan meninggal. Walaupun angka kematian di Indonesia seperti tersebut di atas berkurang dari 32-45,5% selama kurun waktu 1978-1983 menjadi 26,72% pada tahun 1990 angka kematian ini masih relatif tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan kurun waktu yang sama (1988-1990) di negara Barat, yaitu 10,5-14,5%.
Hati memainkan peranan panting dalam hemostasis karena selain memproduksi faktor pembekuan hati juga berfungsi membersihkan aktifator plasminogen dan faktor pembekuan aktif. Peranan ganda hati dalam hemostasis seperti tersebut di atas menyebabkan gangguan hemostasis pada SH sangat kompleks, sehingga sering sukar membedakan jenis kelainan hemostasis yang satu dengan yang lainnya. Defisiensi faktor pembekuan dengan atau tanpa disertai Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, yang selanjutnya disebut koagulasi intravaskular diseminata (KID) maupun fibrinolisis, merupakan kejadian yang sering ditemukan pada sirosis hati. Koagulasi intravaskular diseminata sering sukar dibedakan dengan fibrinolisis yang disertai dengan trombositopenia karena kedua keadaan tersebut memperlihatkan gambaran hemostasis yang hampir sama (Minna, 1974). Masalah keraguan antara kedua keadaan tersebut mulai teratasi sejak ditemukannya pemeriksaan D-Dimer pada tahun 1983 dan aplikasinya pada klinis pada tahun 1986."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 1993
D388
UI - Disertasi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Fachrul Razy
"Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is one of serious complication of liver cirrhosis. Most of the patient with SBP have severe reduced liver function that clasified as Child Plugh class C. There are other risk factors for SBP such as poor nutritional status, GI bleeding, intravascular catheter insertion, ascites fluid protein concentration of less than I g/L, large volume paracentesis, urinary tract infection and respiratory tract infection. The management of SBP is mainly the administration of proper antibiotics. The antibiotic of choice for the emperial treatment is cefotaxim."
2002
IJGH-3-1-April2002-12
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Iman Firmansyah
"Background: The aim of I he study was to determine the prevalence of prolonged QTc-interval and it's relationship with the severity of liver dysfunction in liver cirrhotic patient in the outpatient clinic of Hepatology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General National Hospital
Materials and Methods: cross sectional study. Eighty one subjects was recruited and being followed as a consecutive non random sampling. The patient was divided according to the modified Child-Pugh classification and undergo to the ECG examination (with minimal 2 leads have measured QT-interval; one of these is II, aVL, V, or V"; lead).
Result: The prolonged QTc-interval prevalence in liver cirrhotic patient was found in 55 subjects (67,9%) with the mean 448.6 msec (SD = 28,9; 95% CI = 442.2 - 454.8). Using the Forward Stepwise method in multivariate analysis to the independent variables (p < 0.05) was found only the modified Child-Pugh classification had strongly correlation with the prolonged QTc-interval (OR = 11.2; 95% CI = 3.57-35.47; p = 0.000)
Conclusion: The prolonged QTc-interval prevalence in liver cirrhotic patient is 67.9%. The prolonged QTc-interval were strongly associated with the seventy of liver dysfunction.
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2004
IJGH-5-1-April2004-1
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Lies Luthariana
"Pyogenic liver abscess may have serious complications that need specific management. We reported a case of a young male patient aged 24 years old and complained of abdominal enlargement since 2 (two) weeks before. Abdominal ultrasound revealed multiple liver abscesses. Liver aspiration was performed and about 500 cc of yellowish purulent fluid was drained. During hospitalization the symptoms of fever and shortness of breath were getting worse although adequate antibiotic treatment had been given. Chest X-ray examination showed elevated right hemidiaphragm and right pleural effusion. Thoracocentesis and proof puncture showed purulent fluid. He was diagnosed with empyema as a complication of pyogenie liver abscess. Water Sealed Drainage (WSD) was performed to evacuate the fluid and he was given antibiotics. The patient's condition improved in several days."
2005
IJGH-6-1-April2005-22
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Jianren, Gu
"This book presents the recent progress in basic and clinical research in Primary Liver Cancer (PLC) in China and around the world. PLC patients in China make up more than 50% of the total patients worldwide. By contributing to the book, the leading experts in the field of liver cancer in China as well as in the US share with readers their new concepts, practices, and experiences from bench to bed, from population study to individual survey, from molecular search to clinical practice, and from early diagnosis to treatment. "
Berlin: [, Springer], 2012
e20410812
eBooks  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Christine Verawaty Sibuea
"kegagalan hati. Organoid hati dapat digunakan sebagai bahan untuk BAL. Organoid hati merupakan rekonstruksi hati kultur 3D dari sel punca dan sel-sel lainnya yang menyerupai mikrostruktur hati in vivo dan memiliki fungsi hati. Organoid hati juga dapat digunakan untuk uji obat dan sebagai model unutk mempelajari penyakit hati.
Metode : Organoid hati pada penelitian ini direkonstruksi dari hepatosit, sel stelata hepatika (LX2), sel punca mesenkimal asal tali pusat (UC-MSCs), dan sel punca hematopoiesis asal darah tali pusat (UCB-CD34+). Hepatosit primer tikus, LX2, UC-MSCs dan UCB-CD34+ diko-kultur dalam 11 formulasi rasio selama 2 hari. Formulasi rasio yang membentuk sferoid dikultur dalam 4 medium kultur selama 5 hari, dipanen dan dilakukan analisa viabilitas. Rasio dengan viabilitas tertinggi merupakan rasio optimal dalam medium kultur optimal untuk rekonstruksi organoid hati. Rasio hepatosit : LX2 : UC-MSCs : UCB-CD34+ optimal 5 : 1 : 2 : 2 diko-kultur dalam medium kultur optimal Williams E yang disuplementasi dengan PRP, ITS dan dexamethasone selama 14 hari dan dilakukan analisa morfologi, fungsi hati dan potensi angiogenesis.
Hasil : Viabilitas organoid bertahan hingga hari ke-14 dan ekspresi protein albumin, ekspresi protein GOT dan ekspresi protein CD31 cukup stabil hingga hari ke-14. Ekspresi gen Albumin meningkat hingga hari ke-14 sedangkan ekspresi gen GOT menurun hingga hari ke-14. Sekresi urea menurun hingga hari ke-5 dan sekresi albumin menurun hingga hari ke-7.
Kesimpulan : Organoid hati ini direkonstruksi dari hepatosit primer, LX2, UC-MSCs, UCB-CD34+ dengan rasio optimal 5 : 1 : 2 : 2 dalam medium kultur optimal sederhana dan ekonomis Williams E yang disuplementasi PRP, ITS dan dexamethasone. Organoid hati ini dapat mempertahankan viabilitas dan fungsi hingga hari ke-14. Organoid hati penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai model untuk uji obat dan dapat dikembangkan untuk menjadi bahan BAL.

Introduction : Bioartificial Liver (BAL) is being developed to be an alternative therapy for liver failure. Liver organoids can be used as prototype material for BAL. Liver organoids are 3D cultured liver reconstructions of stem cells and other cells that resemble the liver microstructure in vivo and perform liver function. Liver organoids also can be used for drug testing and as a model for liver disease pathogenesis.
Methods : Liver organoids in this study were reconstructed from hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells (LX2), human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs), and human umbilical cord blood (UCB) hematopoiesis stem cells CD34+. Rat primary hepatocytes, LX2, UC-MSCs and UCB-CD34+ were co-cultured in 11 ratio formulations for two days. The ratio formed spheroid were cultured in four culture medium for five days, harvested and analyzed for viability. The ratio with the highest viability was the optimal ratio in the optimal culture medium for hepatic organoid reconstruction. The optimal ratio 5 : 1: 2 : 2 of Hepatocytes : LX2 : UC-MSCs : UCB-CD34+ was co-cultured in optimal culture medium Williams E supplemented with PRP, ITS and dexamethasone for 14 days and analyzed for morphology, liver function and angiogenesis potential.
Results : Liver organoids viability maintained until day 14 and albumin protein expression, GOT protein expression and CD31 protein expression were quite stable until day 14. Albumin gene expression increased until day 14, while GOT gene expression decreased until day 14. Urea secretion decreased until day 5 and albumin secretion decreased until day 7. Conclusion : These liver organoids were reconstructed from optimal ratio 5 : 1 : 2 : 2 of primary hepatocytes, LX2, UC-MSCs, UCB-CD34+ in simple and economical optimal culture medium Williams E supplemented by PRP, ITS and dexamethasone. These liver organoids maintained viability and liver function until day 14. These liver organoids can be used as a model for drug testing and can be developed to become a BAL material for future application.
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Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2021
D-pdf
UI - Disertasi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Simanjuntak, Loli Jendrianita
"The recent advances of endoscopic examination had proven that source of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in liver cirrhosis is not always caused by esophageal varices rupture but also gastric mucosal lesion. The prevalence of gastric ulcer in patients with liver cirrhosis is higher than healthy individuals. Imbalance of defensive and aggressive factors of gastric mucosa may involve in development of portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG). Several studies reported hemodynamic changes associated wuth portal hypertension causing decreased mucus layer thickness as one of mechanism of PHG. Other dialogic factors of PHG were hypoacidity, hypergastrinemia, reduced hexosamin concentration, mucus metabolic function associated with decreased prostaglandin E2, and increased nitric oxyde which had caused mucus wall thickness changes. Gastric mucus damage induced by portal hypertension has important role in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer in liver cirrhosis."
The Indonesia Journal of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy, 2004
IJGH-5-3-Des2004-95
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Cristiani
"Daun handeuleum merupakan salah satu tanaman yang telah lama dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai obat wasir.dalarn bentuk infus atau rebusan. Dalam upaya mengembangkan bentuk sethaan farmasi, maka dibuat sediaan dalam bentuk ekstrak etanol. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak pada penggunaan yang terus-menerus, maka dilakukan uji keamanan terhadap aktivitas GPT dan GOT plasma serta jaringan hati. Pada penelitian ml digunakan 80 ekor tikus putih jantan yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok. Kelompok I adalah kelompok yang diberi ekstrak etanol daun handeuleum dosis 1,08 g/Kg bb, kelompok II adalah kelompok yang diberi ekstrak etanol handeuleum dosis 0,36 g/Kg bb, kelompok Ill adalah kelompok yang diberi ekstrak etanol daun handeuleum 0,12 g/Kg bb, kelompok IV adalah kelompok kontrol yang diberi aquadest. Ketiga kelompok uji tersebut mendapatkan ekstrak etanol yang diberikan setiap hari secara oral selama 90 han. Pada han ke-31 clan han ke-91 tikus dibedah clan diambil darah serta hatinya, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran aktivitas GPT clan GOT plasma clan pengukuran derajat kerusakan lobulus janingan hati. Hasil pengukuran akUvitas GPT clan GOT plasma menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara ke!ompok normal dengan kelompok I, II, clan Ill setelah dibeni ekstrak selama 30 hari sedangkan pada pemberian selama 90 han ada perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok normal dengan kelompok I. HasH pemeniksaan histologi menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ekstrak daun handeuleum dosis 0,36 clan 0,12 g per Kg bb selama 30 clan 90 hari tidak menyebahkan kerusakan janingan hati, sedangkan penggunaan dosis 1,08 g/Kg b.b dalam jangka waktu lebih lama diduga dapat menyebabkan kerusakan jaringan hati yang serius.

Handeuleum leaves (Graptophylium pictum (L.) Grim have been used by Indonesian people to cure several kinds of diseases such as haemorrhoid. The usage is by boiling it in water (infusion). Ethanol extract as a dosage form is created to provide the pharmaceutical dosage form. To know the effect of continuous feeding of handeuleum extract, a safety test is conducted toward the activities of plasma GPT and GOT and also the liver tissues. Eighty male white rats used in the study were divided into four groups. The first group was given with the ethanol extract of handeuleum leaves as mush as 1,08 g/Kg body weight. The second group was given with the ethanol extract of handeuleum leaves as much as 0,36 g/Kg body weight. The third group was given with the ethanol extract of handeuleum leaves as much as 0,12 g/ Kg body weight and the fourth group was a control group received water only. Those first three groups were given with the ethanol extract orally every day for ninety days. At the 31st and 9 1st day, the rats were operated. The blood and the liver were taken from the rat bodies, then the activities of the plasma GPT and GOT and the degree of liver damage were measured. The measurement of plasma GPT and GOT shows that there is no significant difference between the normal group and group I, II and Ill which were given with the extract after 30 days, but there is significant difference between the normal group and group I which were given with extract after 90 days. The histology examination shows that the usage of handeuleum leaves ethanol extract in 0,36 g and 0,12 g/ Kg body weight dosage after 30 and 90 days do not cause the liver tissues damage, but the usage in 1,08 g/Kg body weight dosage for a longer period may cause the serious liver tissues damage."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 1999
S-pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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St. Louis: Mosby Year Book, 1991
616.3 CUR
Buku Teks SO  Universitas Indonesia Library
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"Background: The ideal therapy for ascites in liver cirrhosis is a low sodium chat and a combination of furosemide and spironolacton. However; this still sometimes does not produce satisfactory results, even after increasing the dose of the diuretic. Such failure occurs due to the influence ol the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone (RAA) system. Low doses ol ACE inhibitors (captopril) should improve renal blood llow and increase filtration at the glomeruli, thus increasing natriuresis without causing haemodynamic imbalance.
Study aim: To discover the natriuretic and diuretic effects of low dose captopril achuvant in patients with liver cirrhosis who have received furosemide and splronolacton by measuring urinary sodium and 24-hour urine output.
Materials and method: This study was conducted on in- and out- patients with liver cirrhosis and Ascites at the Dr. Kariedi Central Public Hospital. Semarang, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study took place from June 1st, 1997 to March 3st1, 1998, and included 40 cases of liver cirrhosis with ascites.
Study design: Open comparative randomized clinical trial with permuted blocks. All of the patients received a low let diet, 40 mg of lurosemide, 3x50 mg of spironolacton for 2 weeks, and patients with a urinary sodium level was below 80 mEq/L were randomized into two groups: group A receiving 3 x 6.25 mg of captopril, and group B receiving standard therapy. "
Jakarta: The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy, 2001
IJGH-2-3-Des2001-1
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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