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"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini berfokus pada dampak perubahan makna ?bekerja? di masyarakat Jepang, yaitu fenomena penyebutan black company. Makna bekerja di masyarakat Jepang telah berubah dalam beberapa dekade terakhir. Pekerja yang semula akan bekerja keras demi perusahaannya, kini pekerja generasi muda lebih memilih untuk memiliki pekerjaan dengan banyak waktu luang. Masalah yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana penyebutan black company yang diberikan oleh masyarakat Jepang dan bagaimana perubahan makna bekerja di Jepang. Data yang diperoleh merupakan data sekunder dari penelitian kepustakaan serta pengumpulan data dari sumber-sumber publikasi lainnya. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode penyajian analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan penelitian dan analisis yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa makna bekerja bagi pemuda telah berubah. Pemuda Jepang tidak dapat membawa keseluruhan dirinya untuk pekerjaan dan tempat kerja. Pekerja paruh waktu tidak dapat mencocokkan pekerjaan dengan tujuan hidupnya. Kekhawatiran yang dirasakan, menyebabkan para pekerja paruh waktu mudah putus asa dalam mendapatkan pekerjaan. Salah satu dampak perubahan makna bekerja, yaitu munculnya penyebutan black company. Black company itu sendiri merupakan asumsi yang diciptakan oleh kelompok masyarakat dan media massa. Pemerintah berupaya untuk memberikan sanksi kepada perusahaan yang melakukan tindakan ?pelanggaran,? seperti black company.

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ABSTRACTThis study focuses on the impact of changes in the meaning of "work" in Japanese society, namely the phenomenon of the black company mention. Meaning of work in Japanese society has changed in recent decades. Workers were previously would worked hard for his company, now the younger generation of workers prefer to have a job with a lot of free time. The problem studied in this research is how the mention of the black company given by the Japanese society and how it changes the meaning of work in Japan. The data obtained is a secondary data from the research literature as well as collecting data from sources other publications. The analytical method used is the method of presentation of descriptive analysis. Based on the research and analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that the meaning of work for youth has changed. Japanese youth can not bring overall himself to work and the workplace. Part-time workers are not able to match jobs with the goal of his life. Concerns were perceived, causing part-time workers easy to desperate in getting a job. One of the effects of changes in the meaning of work, namely the emergence of the mention of the black company. Black company is assuming that was created by community groups and the media. Government seeks to impose sanctions on companies that take action "offense," as black company.;This study focuses on the impact of changes in the meaning of "work" in Japanese society, namely the phenomenon of the black company mention. Meaning of work in Japanese society has changed in recent decades. Workers were previously would worked hard for his company, now the younger generation of workers prefer to have a job with a lot of free time. The problem studied in this research is how the mention of the black company given by the Japanese society and how it changes the meaning of work in Japan. The data obtained is a secondary data from the research literature as well as collecting data from sources other publications. The analytical method used is the method of presentation of descriptive analysis. Based on the research and analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that the meaning of work for youth has changed. Japanese youth can not bring overall himself to work and the workplace. Part-time workers are not able to match jobs with the goal of his life. Concerns were perceived, causing part-time workers easy to desperate in getting a job. One of the effects of changes in the meaning of work, namely the emergence of the mention of the black company. Black company is assuming that was created by community groups and the media. Government seeks to impose sanctions on companies that take action "offense," as black company.;This study focuses on the impact of changes in the meaning of "work" in Japanese society, namely the phenomenon of the black company mention. Meaning of work in Japanese society has changed in recent decades. Workers were previously would worked hard for his company, now the younger generation of workers prefer to have a job with a lot of free time. The problem studied in this research is how the mention of the black company given by the Japanese society and how it changes the meaning of work in Japan. The data obtained is a secondary data from the research literature as well as collecting data from sources other publications. The analytical method used is the method of presentation of descriptive analysis. Based on the research and analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that the meaning of work for youth has changed. Japanese youth can not bring overall himself to work and the workplace. Part-time workers are not able to match jobs with the goal of his life. Concerns were perceived, causing part-time workers easy to desperate in getting a job. One of the effects of changes in the meaning of work, namely the emergence of the mention of the black company. Black company is assuming that was created by community groups and the media. Government seeks to impose sanctions on companies that take action "offense," as black company.;This study focuses on the impact of changes in the meaning of "work" in Japanese society, namely the phenomenon of the black company mention. Meaning of work in Japanese society has changed in recent decades. Workers were previously would worked hard for his company, now the younger generation of workers prefer to have a job with a lot of free time. The problem studied in this research is how the mention of the black company given by the Japanese society and how it changes the meaning of work in Japan. The data obtained is a secondary data from the research literature as well as collecting data from sources other publications. The analytical method used is the method of presentation of descriptive analysis. Based on the research and analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that the meaning of work for youth has changed. Japanese youth can not bring overall himself to work and the workplace. Part-time workers are not able to match jobs with the goal of his life. Concerns were perceived, causing part-time workers easy to desperate in getting a job. One of the effects of changes in the meaning of work, namely the emergence of the mention of the black company. Black company is assuming that was created by community groups and the media. Government seeks to impose sanctions on companies that take action "offense," as black company.;This study focuses on the impact of changes in the meaning of "work" in Japanese society, namely the phenomenon of the black company mention. Meaning of work in Japanese society has changed in recent decades. Workers were previously would worked hard for his company, now the younger generation of workers prefer to have a job with a lot of free time. The problem studied in this research is how the mention of the black company given by the Japanese society and how it changes the meaning of work in Japan. The data obtained is a secondary data from the research literature as well as collecting data from sources other publications. The analytical method used is the method of presentation of descriptive analysis. Based on the research and analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that the meaning of work for youth has changed. Japanese youth can not bring overall himself to work and the workplace. Part-time workers are not able to match jobs with the goal of his life. Concerns were perceived, causing part-time workers easy to desperate in getting a job. One of the effects of changes in the meaning of work, namely the emergence of the mention of the black company. Black company is assuming that was created by community groups and the media. Government seeks to impose sanctions on companies that take action "offense," as black company.;This study focuses on the impact of changes in the meaning of "work" in Japanese society, namely the phenomenon of the black company mention. Meaning of work in Japanese society has changed in recent decades. Workers were previously would worked hard for his company, now the younger generation of workers prefer to have a job with a lot of free time. The problem studied in this research is how the mention of the black company given by the Japanese society and how it changes the meaning of work in Japan. The data obtained is a secondary data from the research literature as well as collecting data from sources other publications. The analytical method used is the method of presentation of descriptive analysis. Based on the research and analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that the meaning of work for youth has changed. Japanese youth can not bring overall himself to work and the workplace. Part-time workers are not able to match jobs with the goal of his life. Concerns were perceived, causing part-time workers easy to desperate in getting a job. One of the effects of changes in the meaning of work, namely the emergence of the mention of the black company. Black company is assuming that was created by community groups and the media. Government seeks to impose sanctions on companies that take action "offense," as black company.;This study focuses on the impact of changes in the meaning of "work" in Japanese society, namely the phenomenon of the black company mention. Meaning of work in Japanese society has changed in recent decades. Workers were previously would worked hard for his company, now the younger generation of workers prefer to have a job with a lot of free time. The problem studied in this research is how the mention of the black company given by the Japanese society and how it changes the meaning of work in Japan. The data obtained is a secondary data from the research literature as well as collecting data from sources other publications. The analytical method used is the method of presentation of descriptive analysis. Based on the research and analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that the meaning of work for youth has changed. Japanese youth can not bring overall himself to work and the workplace. Part-time workers are not able to match jobs with the goal of his life. Concerns were perceived, causing part-time workers easy to desperate in getting a job. One of the effects of changes in the meaning of work, namely the emergence of the mention of the black company. Black company is assuming that was created by community groups and the media. Government seeks to impose sanctions on companies that take action "offense," as black company., This study focuses on the impact of changes in the meaning of "work" in Japanese society, namely the phenomenon of the black company mention. Meaning of work in Japanese society has changed in recent decades. Workers were previously would worked hard for his company, now the younger generation of workers prefer to have a job with a lot of free time. The problem studied in this research is how the mention of the black company given by the Japanese society and how it changes the meaning of work in Japan. The data obtained is a secondary data from the research literature as well as collecting data from sources other publications. The analytical method used is the method of presentation of descriptive analysis. Based on the research and analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that the meaning of work for youth has changed. Japanese youth can not bring overall himself to work and the workplace. Part-time workers are not able to match jobs with the goal of his life. Concerns were perceived, causing part-time workers easy to desperate in getting a job. One of the effects of changes in the meaning of work, namely the emergence of the mention of the black company. Black company is assuming that was created by community groups and the media. Government seeks to impose sanctions on companies that take action "offense," as black company.]"

"Pada kondisi pandemi Covid-19 terjadi perubahan dalam kehidupan ekonomi sehari-hari. Dalam kondisi ini, perempuan dengan status menikah baik pasangan masih lengkap maupun sudah tidak ada menjadi pihak yang harus bekerja ekstra, termasuk saat suami sebagai 'income earner' mengalami Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (PHK), pengurangan pendapatan. Berbagai cara dilakukan perempuan untuk anak dan kelangsungan ekonomi keluarga, salah satunya dengan menjadi wirausaha dadakan daring. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberi gambaran makna bekerja bagi perempuan wirausaha dadakan daring dan relasi gender yang terjadi di masa pandemi ditinjau dari aspek peran publik, domestik dan kemasyarakatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan jenis studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Ditemukan ada tiga kasus kategori perempuan wirausaha dadakan daring yaitu: Perempuan dengan status orang tua tunggal, perempuan dengan pekerjaan pasangan yang insecure dan perempuan yang memiliki kehidupan mapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada kaitan antara makna bekerja sebagai wirausaha dadakan daring dengan relasi gender yang terbentuk pada peran publik, domestik dan kemasyarakatan selama pandemi yang bersifat kompleks karena dilatarbelakangi oleh pendidikan dan budaya dari masing-masing perempuan.......During the Covid-19 pandemic, there have been changes in the daily economic life. In this condition, women with married status, either the partner who is still complete or no longer exist, become parties who must work extra, including when their husband as an 'income earner' experienced Termination of Employment (PHK), reduction in income. There are various ways that women do for children and the continuity of the family economy, one of which is by becoming an online impromptu entrepreneur. This study aims to provide an overview of the meaning of work for online impromptu entrepreneur women and gender relations that occur during the pandemic from the aspects of public, domestic and social roles. The research method used was descriptive qualitative research with the type of case study. Data was collected through in-depth interview, observation and documentation. It was found that there are three cases of the categories of online impromptu entrepreneur women, namely: Women with single parent status, women with insecure partner jobs and women who have established lives. The results of the study showed that there is a relation between the meaning of work as an online impromptu entrepreneur and gender relations which are formed in public, domestic and social roles during the pandemic that are complex due to the background of education and culture of each woman."