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Abstrak :
Pada kegiatannya rumah sakit menghasilkan limbah yang apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik akan memberikan dampak negatif bagi masyarakat dan lingkungan. Tingkat hunian (BOR) sebesar 65% tentu akan menghasilkan limbah padat yang cukup banyak. Pengelolaan limbah padat rumah sakit ini belum dikelola dengan baik sesuai dengan peraturan. Pelaksanaan minimisasi limbah padat belum cukup dilakukan dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pengetahui pengelolaan dan upaya minimisasi limbah padat. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah timbulan limbah padat medis rata-rata 118,95 kg/hari atau 0,46 kg/hari/tempat tidur dan jumlah timbulan limbah padat non medis rata-rata adalah 189,4 kg. Penggunaan insinerator belum optimal sehingga mengakibatkan pemborosan dalam penggunaan bahan bakarnya sebanyak 450 liter atau senilai Rp. 3.600.000,- setiap bulan. Minimisasi limbah non medis melalui daur ulang atau penjualan kembali ini akan membawa nilai manfaat ekonomi yaitu menambah pendapatan RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi sebesar Rp. 82.479.600,- per tahun. ......Hospitals in their activities will produce some solid waste that if not good manage will give a negative impact for the soiciety itself and the environment With Bed Occupancy rate BOR of 65 this hospital generates quite a lot of solid waste The Management of solid wasteand minimization activity in this hospital has not been managed well according to Government Decree and Health Minister Decision This reasearch aims to know how the hospital minimize and process the solid waste This research used kuantitative approach The result of this research showed the generation of medical solid waste every day an average of 118 95 kg or 0 46 kg bed day and the generation of non medical solid waste every day an average of 189 4 kg The usage of insinerator has not been optimum this may cause the excessive use of fuels as 450 liters or worth as Rp 3 600 000 The waste minimization activities such as recycle by reselling will bring economic benefit that add value RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi income of Rp 52 743 600 per year.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Studi ini dilakukan pada industri makanan dalam upaya mengevaluasi pelaksanaan minimisasi limbah serta menggali potensi kemungkinan penerapannya. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pelaksanaan dan mencari alternatif pengelolaan limbah melalui usaha minimisasi limbah terpadu dengan proses maupun di luar proses produksi, serta mengetahui kendala atau kesulitan pihak industri dalam melaksanakan penerapan minimisasi limbah.

Penelitian dilakukan pada empat industri makanan yang status maupun jenis produksinya berbeda yaitu industri susu, industri gula cair, industri makanan ringan, serta industri kembang gula. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara pengamatan lapangan dan wawancara terstruktur, serta data sekunder dari perusahaan yang bersangkutan maupun sumber lain. Analisis dan evaluasi data dilakukan secara diskriptif.

Hasil evaluasi pada keempat industri makanan menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan minimisasi limbah belum terlihat secara nyata dan belum terprogram. Upaya reduksi limbah pada sumber telah dilakukan terhadap pengelolaan bahan baku, sanitasi pabrik, sedikit modifikasi proses maupun alat. Upaya pemanfaatan dilakukan terhadap bahan pengemas, baik bersifat off-site maupun in-site.

Beberapa kendala yang dihadapi antara lain kurangnya kesadaran karyawan akan pentingnya pengelolaan limbah dan kendala teknis administratif.

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ABSTRACT
Waste Minimization Study on Food Industries in Jakarta AreaThis study was carried out to evaluate the waste minimization activity and to search the potential application of waste minimization program on food industries. Futhermore, the purpose of research is to study waste management by minimization of waste activity, which is integrated internal process production as well as external; to find out some constraints and problems of application of such program which is faced by those kind of industries.

This research to be conducted on four different status and product of food industries, those are milk products, fructose, snack, and candy. Data collecting was done by field observation, structural questionary, and supported by secondary data. Data evaluation was done by descriptively analysis.

The evaluation result on four industries showed that the waste minimization activities has not been really done and well programed yet. Some effort in reducing on source has been conducted such as on raw material management, factory house keeping and small modification on production process as well as production equipment. Mean while the waste recovery activity has been con-ducted on package materials to be recycling as well as reusing off site or on-site.

Some constraints to be faced by industries so far because employee about environmental, technical, as well as administrative management which is importance thing in an industrial process.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Kegiatan industri yang merupakan unsur pokok dalam pembangunan dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif yang salah satunya adalah pencemaran lingkungan akibat limbah yang ditimbuikan. Limbah yang mungkin timbul dari kegiatan industri harus ditekan sesedikit mungkin, dengan menerapkan prinsip minimisasi limbah atau 3R (reduction, recycle, reuse), dan yang di buang ke luar dari lingkungan pabrik harus ditangani lebih dahulu agar tidak menimbulkan pencemaran.

Adanya kawasan industri (ICI) diharapkan dapat lebih menarik para investor, dan sekaligus dapat mempermudah pengelolaannya agar tidak menimbulkan gangguan terhadap lingkungan, termasuk pengelolaan limbahnya. Kawasan Industri Pulogadung (KIP) yang terletak di Jakarta Timur dan dibangun sejak tahun 1976 terdapat sekitar 360 perusahaan terdiri atas berbagai jenis industri, 120 di antaranya merupakan industri kecil dan pergudangan. Beberapa jenis industri yang ada di KIP antara lain industri makanan dan minuman, tekstil dan pakaian jadi, kayu dan barang dari kayu, barang kertas, bahan kimia, plastik, gelas dan kaca, keramik, logam dasar, barang logam, mesin, elektronik, laboratorium foto, dan lain-lain. Pengelola kawasan adalah PT Jakarta Industrial Estate Pulogadung (PT REP), masih merasakan berbagai kesulitan dalam pengelolaan lingkungan, temasuk pengelolaan limbahnya. Air limbah yang keluar dari KIP masih belum memenuhi Baku Mini menurut SK Gubernur KDKI Nomor 160811988. Pengelolaan limbah terpadu, baik air limbah maupun limbah lainnya dapat ditatakan belum berjalan, karena masalah kewenangan, peinbiayaan, serta tata letak perusahaan yang tidak berkelompok sesuai dengan jenisnya. Kendala juga timbul dari pihak industri karena kesadaran dan pengetahuan yang masih terbatas, serta keterbatasan biaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) mengetahui pelaksanaan pengelolaan limbah yang dilaksanakan oleh berbagai perusahaan yang berlokasi di KWP maupun oleh pengelola KIP, (2) mengetahui kendala/kesulitan yang dihadapi oleh perusahaan yang ada di KIP, (3) mengetahui pendorong minimisasi limbah yang diharapkan oleh para usahawan di KIP, dan (4) mencari alternatif cara minimisasi limbah di KIP.

Penelitian imi dilaksanakan melalui beberapa tahap, yaitu tahap : (1) penelusuran pustaka, (2) rancangan penelitian, (3) pengumpulan data, (4) pengolahan data, (5) evaluasi data, dan (6) pengajuan alternatif program minimisasi.

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ABSTRACT
Industrial activity as a main element of development, could have negative impacts, one of which is the pollution to the environment due to industrial waste. The wastes from the industrial activity has to be minimized based on 3 R's principles (Reduction, Reuse and Recycling), and the waste effluents from the factories have to be treated properly before disposing into the environment.

The existence of industrial estate is expected to attract more investors and will also allow for easier waste management, hopefully, it will not interfere as much with the environment. Pulogadung Industrial Estate (PIE) is located in the eastern part of Jakarta, has been developed since 1976. It has around 360 factories, consists of a variety of industries, 120 of which are small industries and warehousing. Some of the industries in PIE are food and beverage industries, textile and ready made wear, wood and wooden goods, paper goods, metal and alloys, metal goods, machinery, electronics, photo laboratory, etc. The estate management is overseen by PT Jakarta industrial Estate Pulogadung (PT. JIEP). There are many difficulties in managing the estate, including managing the industrial wastes. The waste water effluents from PIE do not meet the industrial waste water quality standard according to The Decree of the Governor of Jakarta No. 1608/1988. The integrated industrial waste management, including waste water and any other industrial wastes, is still not well operating, due to authority allocation, finance problems, and also the unappropriate location of the factories, which are not grouped according to the type of industry. The constraints also come from the industries them self due to the lack of awareness, lack of knowledge and limited finance. The objectives of this research are : (1) to investigate the implementation of industrial waste management done by the different companies which are located in PIE, (2) to investigate the constraints faced by the companies in PIE, (3) to investigate the industrial waste minimization initiatives expected by the industrialists in PIE, (4) to look for the alternative measures of industrial waste minimization in PIE.

This research is to be carried out in six stages : (1) literature studies, (2) research design preparation, (3) data collection, (4) data processing, (5) data evaluation and (6) proposing the minimization program alternatives.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Sebagai upaya pemenuhan industri perikanan berkelanjutan, industri dituntut untuk mengurangi pencemaran limbah dan penghematan sumber daya melalui penerapan minimisasi limbah. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi PT. XYZ saat ini adalah penurunan kualitas lingkungan akibat pembuangan limbah secara langsung ke selokan berpotensi menyebabkan pencemaran pada lingkungan perairan di sekitar Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Nizam Zachman Jakarta. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (a) analisis pengelolaan limbah, (b) analisis potensi minimisasi limbah, (c) analisis kontribusi pekerja, dan (d) strategi penerapan minimisasi limbah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan limbah di PT. XYZ belum dilakukan secara optimal. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh kadar BOD5(20) dan COD yang melebihi baku pada proses pelelehan, pemasakan, dan pencucian, dan beban limbah BOD5(20) dan COD yang telah melebihi baku mutu pada proses pemasakan dan pencucian. Potensi penerapan minimisasi limbah PT. XYZ dapat dilakukan melalui penghematan air, pemanfaatan limbah padat dan limbah cair dengan potensi nilai ekonomi penghematan sebesar Rp11.237.203,- per hari. Kontribusi pekerja PT. XYZ memperlihatkan bahwa pekerja memiliki pengetahuan tinggi, sikap dan perilaku yang sangat baik. Strategi penerapan minimisasi limbah yang dapat dilakukan PT. XYZ adalah pemasangan meteran pada proses produksi yang menggunakan air dan pemilahan air limbah berdasarkan beban pencemaran. Kesimpulannya adalah pengelolaan limbah PT. XYZ yang belum optimal dapat ditingkatkan melalui penerapan minimisasi.

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ABSTRACT
As an effort to fulfill the sustainable fisheries industry, the industry is required to reduce waste pollution and save resources through the application of waste minimization. The main problem PT. XYZ is currently decrease in environmental quality due to direct waste disposal to gutters potentially causing pollution to the aquatic environment around the Fishing Port of Nizam Zachman Jakarta. The objectives of the study are (a) waste management analysis, (b) waste minimization potential analysis, (c) analysis of workers contributions, and (d) waste minimization implementation strategies. The method is quantitative and qualitative. The method of analysis in this research is descriptive analysis method. The results showed that waste management at PT. XYZ has not been done optimally. This is demonstrated by BOD5(20) and COD levels that exceed the standard in melting, cooking and washing processes, and BOD5(20) and COD waste loads that have exceeded the quality standard in the cooking and washing process. Potential application of waste minimization PT. XYZ can be done through water savings, utilization of solid waste and liquid waste with potential economic value savings of Rp11.237.203, - per day. Contributed by PT. XYZ workers, have excellent knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. Strategy of waste minimization implementation that can be done by PT. XYZ is a meter installation in a production process that uses water and wastewater sorting based on pollution load. The conclusion is the waste management of PT. XYZ that has not been optimized can be improved through minimization implementation.