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"Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana bencana alam mempengaruhi ekspor APEC termasuk bagaimana kualitas kelembagaan (efektivitas pemerintah) berperan dalam kinerja ekspor setelah bencana alam melanda perekonomian APEC. Meskipun berbagai literatur telah mengidentifikasi isu-isu ini secara terpisah, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji isu-isu tersebut secara keseluruhan dengan mengeksplorasi hubungan antara ekspor, bencana alam dan kualitas kelembagaan. Analisis dalam tulisan ini didasarkan pada teori model gravitasi dengan menggunakan data ekspor, bencana alam dan indeks efektivitas pemerintah tahun 2003-2022. Secara keseluruhan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bencana alam mempunyai hubungan negatif dengan kinerja ekspor dari APEC, baik pada saat bencana alam terjadi maupun pada tahun berikutnya. Dengan memiliki indeks efektivitas pemerintah di atas rata-rata APEC telah secara positif menangkal dampak negatif yang disebabkan oleh bencana alam, terutama ketika bencana dahsyat menimpa perekonomian tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini sangat relevan bagi perekonomian APEC yang rentan terhadap bencana alam, namun mereka tetap memerlukan pertumbuhan ekonomi terutama dari ekspor.......This paper examines how natural disasters affect exports of APEC economies including how institutional quality (government effectiveness) plays a role on the export flows after natural disasters hit the economies. While various literatures have identified these issues separately, this research would like to fill this gap by exploring the linkages between exports, natural disasters and institutional quality. The analysis in this paper is based on the gravity model theory which used exports, natural disasters and the government effectiveness index data from 2003-2022. Overall, the results show that natural disasters have a negative association with the export flows from APEC both at the time when natural disasters hit and at the following year. Having the government effectiveness index is above the APEC’s average has positively counteracted the negative effect caused by natural disasters, particularly when the devastating catastrophe hits the economies. The findings in this paper are relevant for APEC economies that are prone to experience natural disasters, but they need economic growth particularly from exports."

"Indonesia merupakan negara yang rentan akan bencana alam. Secara historis, telah terdapat bencana alam yang menyebabkan disrupsi pada kestabilan ekonomi di Indonesia. Fenomena seperti yang disebutkan sebelumnya tidak hanya terjadi di Indonesia melainkan juga di negara-negara lain, seperti Amerika dengan Hurricane Katrina sebagai contoh. Bencana alam di Amerika Serikat tersebut membawa dampak negatif terhadap perekonomian, salah satu di antara lain adalah bangkrutnya perusahaan asuransi di Amerika Serikat. Oleh karena itu, salah satu terobosan baru yang dibuat untuk menanggulangi fenomena bencana alam dan dampak buruk yang dibawanya adalah pembuatan Catastrophe Bond. Selain Amerika Serikat, negara yang telah menerapkan skema asuransi Catastrophe Bond adalah Singapura. Oleh karena itu, mengingat potensi terjadinya bencana alam di Indonesia, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu Catastrophe Bond berdasarkan hukum Indonesia dengan melakukan perbandingan dengan pengaturan dan penerapan Catastrophe Bond di Singapura. Dari perbandingan yang dilakukan, ditemukan bahwa meskipun di Indonesia mekanisme dan pengaturan Catastrophe Bond belum diatur, namun secara teknis penerbitan Catastrophe Bond mirip dengan skema penerbitan surat utang negara di Indonesia. Selain itu, ditemukan juga bahwa Catastrophe Bond memang belum dapat diterapkan di Indonesia karena peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang sektor asuransi di Indonesia memang belum mengatur terkait pengadopsian skema asuransi internasional di Indonesia, berbeda dengan pengaturan di Singapura yang telah memungkinkan hal tersebut sehingga skema Catastrophe Bond dapat diterapkan di Singapura.......Indonesia is a country prone to natural disasters. Historically, there have been natural disasters that have caused disruptions to economic stability in Indonesia. Such phenomena are not unique to Indonesia but also occur in other countries, such as the United States with Hurricane Katrina as an example. This natural disaster in the United States had a negative impact on the economy, including the bankruptcy of insurance companies in the United States. Therefore, one of the new breakthroughs created to address the phenomenon of natural disasters and their adverse impacts is the creation of Catastrophe Bonds. In addition to the United States, another country that has implemented the Catastrophe Bond insurance scheme is Singapore. Therefore, considering the potential occurrence of natural disasters in Indonesia, this study aims to find out how Catastrophe Bonds are regulated and implemented under Indonesian law by comparing it with the regulation and implementation of Catastrophe Bonds in Singapore. From the comparison, it was found that although in Indonesia the mechanisms and regulations of Catastrophe Bonds are not yet regulated, technically the issuance of Catastrophe Bonds is similar to the scheme for issuing government bonds in Indonesia. Furthermore, it was also found that Catastrophe Bonds cannot yet be implemented in Indonesia because the laws in the insurance sector has not regulate such implementation of international insurance schemes in Indonesia, unlike the regulations in Singapore that allow such schemes, thus enabling the implementation of Catastrophe Bonds in Singapore."

"Summary: Spatial data of disaster areas in Indonesia"

"Isu dampak bencana alam terhadap masyarakat telah lama berkembang di kalangan peneliti. Namun, pengetahuan terkait masalah ini masih sedikit, terutama dampak gempa bumi besar terhadap pasar tenaga kerja di negara berkembang. Menggunakan data panel selama tiga tahun dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) yang dikombinasikan dengan data bencana alam dari DesInventar dan United States Geological Survey (USGS), studi ini menemukan bahwa tidak hanya sektor konstruksi dan pertanian yang akan mendapatkan pertumbuhan upah setelah terjadi gempa bumi. Sementara itu pada saat yang sama, semua status pekerja akan terkena dampak bencana alam secara signifikan.......The issue of the impact of natural disasters on the populations has long been developing among researchers, there is still little knowledge about this issue especially the effect of a big earthquake on labor markets in developing countries. Using three years of panel data from The National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) combines with natural disaster data from DesInventar the United States Geological Survey (USGS), this study found that not only the construction and agricultural sector will get a positive growth wage after the earthquake happen. At the same time, all status of employment significantly affected by the natural disaster."

"Isu dampak bencana alam terhadap masyarakat telah lama berkembang di kalangan peneliti. Namun, pengetahuan terkait masalah ini masih sedikit, terutama dampak gempa bumi besar terhadap pasar tenaga kerja di negara berkembang. Menggunakan data panel selama tiga tahun dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) yang dikombinasikan dengan data bencana alam dari DesInventar dan United States Geological Survey (USGS), studi ini menemukan bahwa tidak hanya sektor konstruksi dan pertanian yang akan mendapatkan pertumbuhan upah setelah terjadi gempa bumi. Sementara itu pada saat yang sama, semua status pekerja akan terkena dampak bencana alam secara signifikan.......The issue of the impact of natural disasters on the populations has long been developing among researchers. However, there is still little knowledge about this issue especially the effect of a big earthquake on labor markets in developing countries. Using three years of panel data from The National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) combines with natural disaster data from DesInventar the United States Geological Survey (USGS), this study found that not only the construction and agricultural sector will get a positive growth wage after the earthquake happen. At the same time, all status of employment significantly affected by the natural disaster."

"[Tesis ini menganalisis persepsi pemangku kepentingan tentang efektivitas program rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi permukiman masyarakat terdampak bencana melalui pendekatan berbasis masyarakat di daerah relokasi dalam rangka rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi permukiman masyarakat terdampak letusan Merapi2010 di Kabupaten Sleman Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma postpositivisme dengan metode gabungan (mixed method) dengan desain deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penerima manfaat mempersepsikan program relokasi yang dilakukan telah berjalan secara efektif. Akan tetapiterdapat juga kemungkinan-kemungkinan perbaikan untuk mengatasi beberapa permasalahan yang ditemukan dalam penelitian untukpenerapan di masa yang akan datang. Perbaikan dapat dilakukan pada proses pengambilan keputusan di tingkat masyarakat termasuk menghilangkan elite capture, pendampingan yang lebih intensif dan pengenalan budaya baru di lokasi relokasi. Model mekanisme yang efektif haruslah berpusat pada penghidupan masyarakat, disebut livelihood-centered relocation. Masyarakat akan dengan mudah untuk direlokasi apabila telah mengetahui dengan baik pola penghidupan mereka di daerah relokasi yang baru. Diharapkan penataan permukiman juga akan ditentukan penghidupan para penerima manfaat.......This research analyzes the stakeholder perception on the effectiveness of the settlement rehabilitation and reconstruction program of Merapi-eruption impacted community through community-based approach in Sleman District Province of Special Region Yogyakarta. The research paradigm is post positivism with mixed method with descriptive design. The research result presents that the community as the stakeholder perceived the relocation program is effective. The research, however, also presents some opportunities for improvement toward a more effective relocation program in the future. Improvement can be made on decision making process in community level, decreasing of elite capture andintroduction of the new culture of living in relocation site. The research also proposes an effective model of community-based relocation. The model is livelihood-centered relocation. The livelihood is basis for the design of relocation.planning. Once the community feels comfortable with the future of theirlivelihood, the mobilization of the beneficiaries will face less resistance.Expectedly, the resettlement design will be based on the beneficiaries? livelihood, This research analyzes the stakeholder perception on the effectiveness of thesettlement rehabilitation and reconstruction program of Merapi-eruptionimpacted community through community-based approach in Sleman DistrictProvince of Special Region Yogyakarta. The research paradigm is post positivismwith mixed method with descriptive design. The research result presents that thecommunity as the stakeholder perceived the relocation program is effective. Theresearch, however, also presents some opportunities for improvement toward amore effective relocation program in the future. Improvement can be made ondecision making process in community level, decreasing of elite capture andintroduction of the new culture of living in relocation site. The research alsoproposes an effective model ofcommunity-based relocation. The model islivelihood-centered relocation. The livelihood is basis for the design of relocationplanning. Once the community feels comfortable with the future of theirlivelihood, the mobilization of the beneficiaries will face less resistance.Expectedly, the resettlement design will be based on the beneficiaries? livelihood]"

"Public emergencies such as civil wars, natural disasters, and economic crises test the theoretical and practical commitments of international human rights law. During national crises, international law permits states to suspend many human rights protections in order to safeguard national security. States frequently overstep the limits of this authority, violating even peremptory human rights such as the prohibitions against torture and prolonged arbitrary detention. In this volume, leading scholars from law, philosophy and political science grapple with challenging questions concerning the character, scope, and salience of international human rights, and they explain how the law seeks to protect human rights during emergencies. The contributors also evaluate the law's successes and failures, and offer new proposals for strengthening respect for human rights."

"Pendahuluan: Bencana yang sering terjadi di dunia ini salah satunya adalah bencana alam. Dampak psikis yang terjadi setelah bencana alam dapat berupa PTSD sebagai bentuk negatif dari dampak kejadian traumatis dan juga PTG sebagai bentuk positif dari dampak traumatis terutama pada bencana alam. Perawat memiliki peran besar dalam mengurangi dampak negatif dan menumbuhkan dampak positif diantara para korban. Persepsi yang muncul dari perawat terkait PTG membuat penanganan berbeda-beda setelah bencana terjadi sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan terkait persepsi perawat ini. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan analisa data tematik untuk menggambarkan persepsi perawat terkait posttraumatic growth pasca bencana alam. Jumlah partisipan penelitian yaitu 14 partisipan yang tersebar di Jabodetabek. Hasil: Penelitian ini mendapatkan 5 tema dengan 16 kategori yang teridentifikasi sebagai berikut 1) dampak negatif kerugian pasca bencana alam; 2) PTG merupakan kondisi yang perlu diupayakan oleh relawan; 3) PTG merupakan perubahan positif hubungan antara Tuhan dan sesama manusia pasca bencana alam; 4) Dampak positif psikologis, sosial, gaya hidup dan spiritual pasca bencana alam dan 5) PTG merupakan konsep baru bagi perawat. Diskusi: Perawat yang memiliki pengalaman di daerah bencana mempersepsikan bahwa setiap orang akan mengalami dampak setelah bencana alam baik itu dampak negatif atau dampak positif. Parsipan mempersepsikan bahwa posttraumatic growth pasca bencana alam menjadi hal yang baru dan harus diupayakan oleh relawan agar tumbuh diantara para korban sehingga dapat merubah sikap, perilaku dan perbuatan kearah yang lebih baik terutama pada saat berhubungan sosial dengan sesama manusia dan dengan Tuhannya. Kesimpulan: Karakteristik perawat yang dikirim ke daerah bencana dalam penelitian ini paling banyak berpendidikan Ners dan bersuku Jawa dengan minimal mempunyai satu kali pengalaman di daerah bencana. Persepsi perawat terkait posttraumatic growth pasca bencana alam harus diupayakan oleh relawan dan menjadi perubahan yang positif hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan dan sesama manusia pasca bencana alam dan konsep PTG merupakan konsep yang baru bagi perawat. ......Introduction: One of the disasters that frequently occur in the world is a natural disaster. The psychological impact that comes after natural disasters can be PTSD as a negative impact of the traumatic incidents and PTG as a positive impact of the traumatic incident, especially in natural disasters. Nurses have a big role in reducing negative impacts and fostering positive impacts among victims. Perceptions arising from nurses related to PTG after the disaster make the treatments come out differently so further research needs to be done regarding the nurses perceptions. Method: This research was a descriptive qualitative, one using thematic data analysis to describe nurse’s perceptions regarding posttraumatic growth after natural disasters. The numbers of participant in the research were 14 participants spread across Jabodetabek. Results: This research obtained 5 themes with 16 categories identified as follows: 1) negative impacts of loss after natural disasters; 2) PTG is a condition that needs to be endeavored by volunteers; 3) PTG is a positive change in the relationship between God and fellow human beings after natural disasters; 4) Positive psychological, social, lifestyle and spiritual impacts after natural disasters and 5) PTG is a new concept for nurses. Discussion: Nurses who have experience in disaster areas perceive that everyone will undergo an impact after a natural disaster either a negative or a positive one.Participants perceive that posttraumatic growth after natural disasters is a new thing and must be endeavored by volunteers to grow among the victims in order to change their attitudes, behaviors and actions to a better direction especially in the social relationships with fellow humans and with their God. Conclusion: The characteristics of nurses sent to disaster areas in this research are mostly from Ners education and are Javanese with at least having one time experience in the disaster area. Nurse’s perceptions regarding posttraumatic growth after natural disasters must be endeavoured by volunteers and become a positive change in human relationship with God and with fellow humans after natural disasters and the concept of PTG is a new concept for nurses."