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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Pada sektor pertanian, kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu jenis komoditas perkebunan yang mempunyai peran cukup penting dalam kegiatan perekonomian Indonesia. Semakin tua usia tumbuhan kelapa sawit, semakin sedikit pula buah yang akan dihasilkan. Setiap tahunnya, hampir 500 ribu hektar lahan kelapa sawit telah teronggok menjadi lahan sampah akibat rehabilitasi. Hal ini mengakibatkan Re-planting harus dilakukan. Praktek penanaman kembali pohon kelapa sawit setelah melebihi masa hidup ekonomi 20 tahun hingga 25 tahun, telah menghasilkan sejumlah besar bahan yang kurang dimanfaatkan setiap tahunnya terutama dalam bentuk batang. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengolah limbah tersebut menjadi papan partikel dengan menggunakan batang kelapa sawit. Karena semakin terbatasnya sumber daya kayu pohon sebagai bahan papan partikel, penulis meneliti bahwa ada banyak potensi bahan selain kayu pohon yang dapat digunakan menjadi alternatif substitusi. Salah satunya adalah batang kelapa sawit. Selain sedikit/terbatasnya sumber daya kayu pohon, perbandingan antara harga papan partikel eksisting yang terbuat dari kayu pohon dengan papan partikel batang kelapa sawit juga menjadi tambahan penelitian kali ini. Pemanfaatan dengan proses daur ulang dapat dilakukan dan memiliki potensi untuk produksi massal. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini akan mendapatkan nilai lebih dari pemanfaatan limbah batang kelapa sawit sebagai bahan utama untuk produksi papan partikel. Penelitian ini menerapkan ilmu peningkatan nilai bahan (leverage) dengan metodologi pembuatan produk papan partikel batang kelapa sawit, Desain Eksperimen (DOE), pengujian fisis dan mekanis di laboratorium, dan diskusi perbandingan harga.

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ABSTRACT
In the agricultural sector, oil palm is one type of plantation commodity that has an important role in Indonesia's economic activities. The older the age of oil palm plants, the less fruit will be produced. Every year, nearly 500 thousand hectares of oil palm land has been piled up as waste land due to rehabilitation. This causes re-planting need to be done. The practice of replanting oil palm plants after exceeding the economic life span of 20 years to 25 years, has produced a large amount of material that is underutilized every year, especially in the form of trunks. This research aims to process the waste into particle boards using palm oil trunk. Because of the limited resources of tree wood as particle board material, the authors examine that there are many potential materials other than tree wood which can be used as alternative substitutions. One of them is the trunk of oil palm. Not only the limited wood tree resources, furthermore the comparison between the prices of existing particle boards which made from tree wood and particle boards which made from oil palm trunk was also explained this time. Utilization with a recycling process can be carried out and has the potential for mass production. The results obtained from this study will get more value from the utilization of palm oil stem waste as the main material for particle board production. This study applies the science of increasing the value of materials (leverage) with the methodology of making oil palm stem particle board products, Experimental Design (DOE), physical and mechanical testing in the laboratory, and discussion of price comparisons.

Abstrak :
Batang kelapa sawit merupakan limbah industri kelapa sawit yang melimpah. Salah satu pemanfaatan batang kelapa sawit yaitu untuk bahan campuran pembuatan papan semen. Papan semen berpenguat serat batang kelapa sawit dari penelitian ini ditujukan untuk penyerap suara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perlakuan awal terbaik terhadap serat batang kelapa sawit atau Oil Palm Trunk Fiber (OPTF) untuk meningkatkan kompatibilitas terbaik dengan bahan semen sehingga dihasilkan papan semen untuk penyerap suara dengan kinerja yang baik. Metode penelitian berfokus pada perlakuan pendahuluan terhadap OPTF, tambahan akselerator (CaCl2 3% dari berat semen) dan komposisinya dengan semen untuk menghasilkan papan semen. Perlakuan awal ini berupa perendaman air dingin pada suhu kamar selama 24 jam (OPTF-2) dan perlakuan karbonisasi hidrotermal pada suhu 130°C selama 4 jam (OPTF-3), serta tanpa perlakuan (OPTF-1). Komposisi serat dan semen yang digunakan yaitu 1 : 2,75; 1 : 3,00 dan 1 : 3,25 (basis berat). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum perlakuan terbaik untuk mendapatkan papan semen berpenguat OPTF dengan tujuan penyerap suara pada penelitian ini adalah perlakuan OPTF-3 dengan komposisi serat dan semen 1 : 2,75. Papan ini optimum digunakan sebagai papan penyerap suara pada frekuensi 4000 Hz. Nilai koefisien absorpsi (α) yang diperoleh sebesar 0,91 ......Oil palm trunk is waste from oil palm industry that abundantly available. One of the uses of oil palm trunks is as mixtures to produce mixtures of cement boards. Palm fiber reinforced cement board from this research was intended for sound absorbtion. This study aimed to analyze the best pretreatment of oil palm trunk fiber (OPTF) to improve the best compatibility with cement materials for producing cement boards for good performance of sound absorbtion. The research method focused on the pre-treated OPTF with the addition of accelerator (CaCl2, 3% by weight of cement) and its composition with cement to produce cement board. This pre-treatment involved cold water immersion at room temperature for 24 hours (OPTF-2) and hydrothermal carbonization treatment at 130°C for 4 hours (OPTF-3); as well as fibre without pre-treatment (OPTF-1). The compositions of fiber and cement were 1: 2.75; 1: 3.00 and 1: 3.25 (weight base). In general, the results showed the best cement board with OPTF-3 fibre and cement composition of 1 : 2.75. The OPTF-3 reinforced cement board worked optimally for a sound absorbtion board at the frequency of 4000 Hz. The absorption coefficient (α) obtained is 0.91

Abstrak :
This study investigates the enzymatic hydrolysis rate of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Trunk (OPT) sap in terms of the length of saccharification process with the aim to elevate sugar production. Emphasis was placed on the reaction time and addition of supplements such epsom salt (MgSO4) and alanine amino acid (C3H7NO2) to accelerate the efficiency of Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing the enzyme invertase. A whole oil palm trunk was divided into four different sections, upper, middle-1, middle-2 and bottom with separate experiments over 10 days enzymatic reaction period. The highest saccharification rate was shown as 13.47% on the tenth day. This result indicates that the increase in the saccharification rate was positively correlated with the length of hydrolysis. Moreover, the sample with nutrients achieved the highest sugar output, 17.91% on the fourth day of hydrolysis which was 4.44% higher than the hydrolysis rate of the sample without nutrients. In the presence of complex OPT sugars, together with other essential elements, epsom salt and alanine amino acid, S.cerevisiae achieved a higher hydrolysis metabolism to simple sugars as the cells strived to produce energy and regenerated the invertase. Moreover, the upper part of the OPT rendered the highest potential for sugar production with levels of 21.2% with supplements and 15.6% without. From this experimental analysis, a conventional saccharification method was optimized through the addition of nutrients and a prolonged (10 days) hydrolysis process which yielded an increase in sugar production.