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"Latar Belakang: Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gigi sulung memiliki tahapan yang sudah dimulai pada usia 5-6 minggu saat kehamilan. Kehamilan yang berlangsung selama lebih dari 9 bulan merupakan proses yang penting bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan organ salah satunya gigi sulung sehingga gangguan saat kehamilan dapat menyebabkan gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gigi sulung. Salah satu parameter penentu kondisi kehamilan dapat dilihat dari pertambahan berat janin dengan mengukur bagian tubuh janin menggunakan Ultrasonography (USG). Pemantauan pertambahan berat janin ini dapat diukur dengan grafik pertumbuhan janin. Tujuan: menganalisis hubungan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin terhadap defek pembentukan struktur email gigi insisif sulung. Metode penelitian: Penelitian merupakan penelitian kohort retrospektif. Subjek penelitian adalah 16 bayi dengan defek struktur email gigi insisif sulung dan 16 bayi dengan struktur email utuh atau normal yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data estimasi berat janin sampel di masukan kedalam grafik acuan WHO, mengikuti atau tidak mengikuti grafik, lalu dilihat hubungannya terhadap ada atau tidaknya defek struktur email gigi insisif sulung yang dilihat menggunakan metode fotografi. Hasil: terdapat hubungan komparatif antara pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin terhadap defek struktur email gigi insisif sulung. Kesimpulan: Anak dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin yang tidak mengikuti grafik acuan WHO memiliki resiko lebih besar terhadap adanya defek struktur email gigi insisif sulung dibandingkan dengan anak dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin mengikuti grafik acuan WHO.

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Background: The growth and development of primary teeth has begins at the age of 5 to 6 weeks during pregnancy. The nine months period of pregnancy plays an important role for the growth and development of organs. One of the them is the primary teeth. Disturbances during pregnancy can cause impaired growth and development of the primary teeth. One of the parameters in determining the condition of pregnancy is the fetus weight gain. This can be measured using Ultrasonography (USG). Monitoring of fetal weight gain can be measured with a fetal growth chart. Objective: to analyze the relationship of fetal growth and development to defects in the formation of the enamel structure of primary incisors. Method: The study was a retrospective cohort study. The research subjects were 16 infants with enamel structure defects in primary incisors and 16 infants with normal enamel structures that met the inclusion criteria. The data on the estimated fetal weight of the sample was entered into the WHO reference chart, following or not following the chart, and then seeing the relationship to the presence or absence of a structural defect in the primary incisor enamel as seen using the photographic method. Results: There is a comparative relationship between fetal growth and development on the enamel structure defects of primary incisors. Conclusion: Children with fetal growth and development who do not follow the WHO reference chart have a greater risk of developing a primary incisor enamel structure defect compared to children with fetal growth and development following the WHO reference chart."

"Latar Belakang: Prakiraan usia merupakan pemeriksaan forensik untuk identifikasi individu. Tujuan: menganalisis resorpsi akar, kalsifikasi, dan erupsi gigi secara radiografis untuk membuat atlas pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gigi populasi Indonesia usia 5 ? 23 tahun. Metode: Desain potong lintang pada 304 subjek radiograf panoramik. Modus tahap dari resorpsi akar, kalsifikasi, dan erupsi setiap kategori usia dijadikan dasar pembuatan atlas. Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Atlas pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gigi populasi Indonesia usia 5 - 23 tahun dikonstruksi sesuai dengan usia kronologis populasi Indonesia. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gigi antara laki-laki dan perempuan serta antara regio kanan dan kiri (p>0.05.

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Background: Age estimation is useful for forensic examination.

Aim: To analyze tooth root resorption, calcification, and eruption to develop an atlas of tooth growth and development for Indonesian population age 5-23 years.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 304 panoramic radiographs. Modus stage of tooth root resorption, calcification, and eruption was used to construct the atlas.

Results and Summary: Atlas of tooth growth and development for age 5-23 years was constructed to estimate chronological age in Indonesian population. There was no significant difference of tooth growth and development between female and male and between right and left region (p>0.05)."

"Anak merupakan aset berharga suatu bangsa karena merupakan generasi penerus. Perhatian yang kurang akibat kesibukan orang tua yang bekerja menyebabkan anak berisiko mengalami penyimpangan tumbuh kembang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi hubungan antara jenis pola asuh, status bekerja, dan waktu bekerja orang tua bekerja dengan penyimpangan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada anak. Penelitian potong lintang ini melibatkan sampel 73 responden yang berada di wilayah Kecamatan Kramat Jati, Jakarta Timur. Sampel dipilih menggunakan stratified random sampling. Didapatkan 77% anak pertumbuhannya baik dan 56,2% perkembangannya sesuai. Sebanyak 23% anak ditemukan memiliki minimal satu hasil pengukuran indikator pertumbuhan yang tidak normal dan sebanyak 4,1% anak dicurigai kemungkinan ada penyimpangan perkembangan. Selain itu, hasil analisis data menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola asuh dengan pertumbuhan (p= 1,000, α= 0,05), pola asuh dan perkembangan (p= 1,000, α= 0,05), status orang tua bekerja dan pertumbuhan (p= 0,362, α= 0,05 ), status orang tua bekerja dan perkembangan (p= 0,901, α= 0,05), waktu orang tua bekerja dan pertumbuhan (p= 0,497, α= 0,05), waktu orang tua bekerja dan perkembangan (p= 1,000, α= 0,05). Orangtua yang bekerja bukanlah faktor penghambat dalam tumbuh kembang anak.

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Children is the nation precious asset. As the future generation, high quality children is needed to achieve bright future of the nation. Less attention to the growth and development supported factor due to the working parent causes growth and development deviation in children.The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between parenting style of working parent with growth and development deviation in children. The study cross sectional study involved in 73 respondents in Kramat Jati district, Jakarta Timur, using stratified random sampling. The results were 77% children had good growth and 56.2% children had appropriate development. 23% children had minimun one abnormal growth indicator and 4.1% children was suspected to had development deviation. Data analyzes showed that there was no significant relationship between parenting style and growth (p= 1.000, α= 0.05), parenting style and development (p= 1.000, α= 0.05), parent working status and growth (p= 0.497, α= 0.05), parent working status and development (p= 0.901, α= 0.05), time of working and growth (p= 0.497, α= 0.05), time of working and development (p= 1.000, α= 0.05). This study implies that working parent is not  burden factor for children to grow up and develop optimally."

"Banjir merupakan bencana alam yang makin marak terjadi belakangan ini dan mengakibatkan berbagai macam kerugian. Tidak hanya diakibatkan oleh fenomena alam, ternyata kini pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kota secara fisik juga memiliki keterhubungan yang sangat erat dengan proses terjadinya banjir. Bidang arsitektur dan terapannya menjadi salah satu bidang yang berperan aktif dalam proses tersebut. Ketika pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sebuah kota menjadi suatu hal yang tidak terelakan, bidang arsitektur dan terapannya harus dirancang dengan setepat mungkin, sesuai dengan karakteristik kawasan tersebut. Sehingga bidang arsitektur dan terapannya bukannya memperburuk kondisi banjir, malah dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meminimalisir dampak dari banjir.

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Risks of flooding harm many aspects of human life. Floods are being included as catastrophe, disaster that happens because of nature. But, nowadays, floods happened not only because natural phenomenon but also because of cities development and cities growth. Architecture and its realm became one of many fields in science which is so related with flooding process. When the development and the growth of cities occurred continuously and inevitably, architecture and its realm should be designed as good as possible by concern about city characteristics where the design will be applied. So architecture and its realm rather than make flood hazard worsen, can be used even to minimize the impact of floods."

"[Pemantauan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada anak balita sangat penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui adanya gangguan pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sejak dini. Tujuan penelitianini adalah mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak balita. Desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional, yang melibatkan 100 responden yaitu ibu dan anak balita usia 0-59 bulan di Kota Jambi. Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner tentang karakteristik responden, alat pengukur berat badan, tinggi badan dan lingkarkepala beserta kuesioner, formulir KPSP, kuesioner stimulasi dan pola asuh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara usia anak balita dengan perkembangan (p-value=0,014, α=0,05) dan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang stimulasi dengan perkembangan anak balita (p-value=0,030, α=0,05). Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah perlunya sosialisasi tentang stimulasi perkembangan anak kepada ibu yang memiliki balita di Kota Jambi.

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The growth and development monitoring for children under five is very important in order to detect the growth and development disorder early on. The purpose of this study was to identify factors correlated with the growth and development of children under the age of five years. The study design was cross-sectional, which involved 100 respondents including mothers and children aged 0-59 months in Jambi City. The instrument consisted of a questionnaire about the characteristics of the respondents, body weight and height scale, and head circumference along with the questionnaire, KPSP forms, and the questionnaire of stimulation and parenting. The

results showed that there was no correlation between the children under five years of age and the development (p-value = 0.014, α = 0.05) and there was no correlation between the mothers' knowledge of stimulation and the development of children under five (p-value = 0.030, α = 0.05). It is recommended to improve the growth monitoring, especially for children under five in Jambi City and to optimize the socialization of the importance of the parent?s roles in providing stimulation to their children;The growth and development monitoring for children under five is very important in order to detect the growth and development disorder early on. The purpose of this study was to identify factors correlated with the growth and development of children under the age of five years. The study design was cross-sectional, which involved 100 respondents including mothers and children aged 0-59 months in Jambi City. The instrument consisted of a questionnaire about the characteristics of the respondents, body weight and height scale, and head circumference along with the questionnaire, KPSP forms, and the questionnaire of stimulation and parenting. The

results showed that there was no correlation between the children under five years of age and the development (p-value = 0.014, α = 0.05) and there was no correlation between the mothers' knowledge of stimulation and the development of children under five (p-value = 0.030, α = 0.05). It is recommended to improve the growth monitoring, especially for children under five in Jambi City and to optimize the socialization of the importance of the parent’s roles in providing stimulation to their children.;The growth and development monitoring for children under five is very important in order to

detect the growth and development disorder early on. The purpose of this study was to identify

factors correlated with the growth and development of children under the age of five years. The

study design was cross-sectional, which involved 100 respondents including mothers and children

aged 0-59 months in Jambi City. The instrument consisted of a questionnaire about the

characteristics of the respondents, body weight and height scale, and head circumference along

with the questionnaire, KPSP forms, and the questionnaire of stimulation and parenting. The

results showed that there was no correlation between the children under five years of age and the

development (p-value = 0.014, α = 0.05) and there was no correlation between the mothers'

knowledge of stimulation and the development of children under five (p-value = 0.030, α = 0.05).

It is recommended to improve the growth monitoring, especially for children under five in Jambi

City and to optimize the socialization of the importance of the parent’s roles in providing

stimulation to their children;The growth and development monitoring for children under five is very important in order to

detect the growth and development disorder early on. The purpose of this study was to identify

factors correlated with the growth and development of children under the age of five years. The

study design was cross-sectional, which involved 100 respondents including mothers and children

aged 0-59 months in Jambi City. The instrument consisted of a questionnaire about the

characteristics of the respondents, body weight and height scale, and head circumference along

with the questionnaire, KPSP forms, and the questionnaire of stimulation and parenting. The

results showed that there was no correlation between the children under five years of age and the

development (p-value = 0.014, α = 0.05) and there was no correlation between the mothers'

knowledge of stimulation and the development of children under five (p-value = 0.030, α = 0.05).

It is recommended to improve the growth monitoring, especially for children under five in Jambi

City and to optimize the socialization of the importance of the parent’s roles in providing

stimulation to their children;The growth and development monitoring for children under five is very important in order to

detect the growth and development disorder early on. The purpose of this study was to identify

factors correlated with the growth and development of children under the age of five years. The

study design was cross-sectional, which involved 100 respondents including mothers and children

aged 0-59 months in Jambi City. The instrument consisted of a questionnaire about the

characteristics of the respondents, body weight and height scale, and head circumference along

with the questionnaire, KPSP forms, and the questionnaire of stimulation and parenting. The

results showed that there was no correlation between the children under five years of age and the

development (p-value = 0.014, α = 0.05) and there was no correlation between the mothers'

knowledge of stimulation and the development of children under five (p-value = 0.030, α = 0.05).

It is recommended to improve the growth monitoring, especially for children under five in Jambi

City and to optimize the socialization of the importance of the parent’s roles in providing

stimulation to their children, The growth and development monitoring for children under five is very important in order to

detect the growth and development disorder early on. The purpose of this study was to identify

factors correlated with the growth and development of children under the age of five years. The

study design was cross-sectional, which involved 100 respondents including mothers and children

aged 0-59 months in Jambi City. The instrument consisted of a questionnaire about the

characteristics of the respondents, body weight and height scale, and head circumference along

with the questionnaire, KPSP forms, and the questionnaire of stimulation and parenting. The

results showed that there was no correlation between the children under five years of age and the

development (p-value = 0.014, α = 0.05) and there was no correlation between the mothers'

knowledge of stimulation and the development of children under five (p-value = 0.030, α = 0.05).

It is recommended to improve the growth monitoring, especially for children under five in Jambi

City and to optimize the socialization of the importance of the parent’s roles in providing

stimulation to their children]"

"Pemantauan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada anak balita sangat penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui adanya gangguan pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sejak dini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak balita. Desain penelitian menggunakan “cross sectional”, yang melibatkan 100 responden yaitu ibu dan anak balita usia 0-59 bulan di Kota Jambi. Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner tentang karakteristik responden, alat pengukur berat badan, tinggi badan dan lingkar kepala beserta kuesioner, formulir KPSP, kuesioner stimulasi dan pola asuh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara usia anak balita dengan perkembangan (p-value=0,014, α=0,05) dan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang stimulasi dengan perkembangan anak balita (p-value=0,030, α=0,05). Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah perlunya sosialisasi tentang stimulasi perkembangan anak kepada ibu yang memiliki balita di Kota Jambi.

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The growth and development monitoring for children under five is very important in order to detect the growth and development disorder early on. The purpose of this study was to identify factors correlated with the growth and development of children under the age of five years. The study design was cross-sectional, which involved 100 respondents including mothers and children aged 0-59 months in Jambi City. The instrument consisted of a questionnaire about the characteristics of the respondents, body weight and height scale, and head circumference along with the questionnaire, KPSP forms, and the questionnaire of stimulation and parenting.

The results showed that there was no correlation between the children under five years of age and the development (p-value = 0.014, α = 0.05) and there was no correlation between the mothers' knowledge of stimulation and the development of children under five (p-value = 0.030, α = 0.05). It is recommended to improve the growth monitoring, especially for children under five in Jambi City and to optimize the socialization of the importance of the parent’s roles in providing stimulation to their children."

"Angka kematian pada tahun pertama sebagian besar disebabkan oleh bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR). Perkembangan teknologi berhasil menurunkan angka kematian BBLR, tetapi sejalan dengan meningkatnya angka harapan hidup BBLR, ditemukan gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang semakin meningkat pula. Makin kecil masa gestasi, makin besar risiko timbulnya kelainan tumbuh kembang. Kelompok BBLR termasuk dalam kelompok bayi risiko tinggi yang memerlukan pemantauan tumbuh kembang secara berkala dan terus menerus.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai pertumbuhan fisik bayi-bayi dengan riwayat BBLR (PJT dan prematur). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan studi kohort retrospektif. Data dikumpulkan melalui penelusuran rekam medik dan kunjungan rumah subyek penelitian."