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"ABSTRAK Pencegahan kematian maternal merupakan salah satu tujuan terpenting dari pelayanan maternal dan neonatal. Intervensi untuk menurunkan angka kematian ibu adalah kombinasi dari adanya tenaga terlatih, pelayanan obstetri emergensi dan tersedianya sistem rujukan. Saat ini usaha untuk menurunkan kematian maternal lebih mengarah pada penyediaan pelayanan obstetri dan neonatal emergensi dasar (PONED). Tingginya rujukan dari puskesmas dan angka kematian ibu di daerah kotamadya Jakarta Timur pada tahun 2012 menjadi perhatian peneliti sehingga kinerja puskesmas mampu PONED perlu dievaluasi.Jenis penelitian observasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional. Jumlah sampel yang diteliti adalah 8 puskesmas PONED yang berada dikotamadya Jakarta Timur.Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuosioner. Data dianalisa secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan program statistik komputer stata 21. Penelitian inimengambil 8 sampel puskesmas PONED dan didapatkan faktorkinerja masukan yaitu struktur fisik ruangan, peralatan dan obat dan sumber daya manusia tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kelengkapan paket rujukan dan ketepatan waktu rujukan (0.196;0,196; 0,107; 0,107; 1,000; 0,143).Hubungan antara kinerja proses yaitu standard operating procedure (SOP), catatan medis dan tindakan PONED dengan kinerja keluaran pada puskesmas PONED di wilayah Jakarta Timur tidak dapat dianalisis secara statistik karenahasil sebaran data kinerja proses di puskesmas PONED wilayah Jakarta Timur seragam. Faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kinerja keluaran adalah keaktifan warga siaga, umpan balik rujukan dan adanya maklumat pelayanan yang belum ditelaahpada penelitian ini.

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ABSTRAK Prevention of maternal mortality is one of the most important goals of maternal and neonatal care. Interventions to reduce maternal mortality rate involve several aspects, including presence of trained personnel, obstetric emergency care andavailability of referral system. Current efforts to reduce maternal mortality rate are focused on the provision of Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC). However, the number of referral from community health centers andmaternal mortality rate in East Jakarta in 2012 are still high. Thus, it’s importantto evaluate the performance of community health centers which provide BEmONC. This study used cross-sectional design and involved 8 communityhealth centers which provide BEmONC in East Jakarta. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively by using statistical program Stata 21. We found that the performance indexes in input sector, including physical structures of the building, equipment, drugs and human resources, have no significant relationship with the completeness of referral documents and time of referral (p= 0196; 0.196; 0.107; 0.107; 1.000; 0.143). Performance in process sector, including standard operating procedure (SOP), medical records and BEmONC care, at community healthcenters in East Jakarta were couldn’t analyzed due to similarity of data. We also identified several factors affecting performance in output sectors which have not been explored in this study. They are activity of warga siaga (communityprogram involving husbands to support his pregnant wife), referral feedback, and availability of notice service"

"The complication of pregnancy and labor is not always predictable before it was happened , so pregnant woman must have access nearly Basic Emergency Obstetric Services. Puskesmas were hoped to give basic emergency services. Increased the pregnancy woman access to Puskesmas will decrease Maternal Mortality Rate and Child Mortality Rate fast. The objective of the research asses the innovation of basic obstetric and neonatal emergency services (PONED) at the Puskesmas and comprehensive obstetric and neonatal emergency services (PONEK) at the hospital. The function of PONED puskesmas and PONEK hospital were influenced by human resource, facility, drugs."

"Puskesmas mampu PONED menyelenggarakan pelayanan obstetri dan neonatal emergensi dasar sebab komplikasi tidak dapat diramalkan sebelumnya sehingga ibu hamil harus berada sedekat mungkin dengan pelayanan emergensi dasar. Pelatihan keterampilan Pelayanan obstetri neonatal emergensi dasar dilaksanakan guna meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan petugas kesehatan yang diharapkan memberikan dampak langsung pada kualitas pelayanan kegawatdaruratan meternal dan neonatal.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan yang telah dilatih PONED dan belum dilatih PONED terhadap kinerja pada puskesmas di Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah petugas yang sudah dilatih PONED dan belum dilatih PONED. Hasil studi menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna pada variabel pengetahuan, keterampilan dan kinerja pada kelompok PONED dan non PONED; Pada kelompok PONED variabel sikap diduga yang paling dominan mempengaruhi variabel kinerja.

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Puskesmas PONED able to carry out a basic emergency maternal neonatal service because the complication of pregnancy and labor is not always predictable before it was happened, so pregnant woman must have access nearly Basic Emergency obstetric services. Basic Emergency Obstetric Neonatal Care Training implemented in order to improve the knowledge and skills of health workers who are expected to have a direct impact on the quality of emergency care and maternal or neonatal services.

The study aims to know the difference of knowledge, attitudes and skills between the personnel experienced PONED training and the personnel with no training, and the effect of training on the performances of health centers in the municipality of Bogor. This is quantitative research with cross sectional study design. Samples are personnels who have been trained with PONED and personnel with non PONED training. The results showed significant differences on knowledge, skills and performance between those with PONED training and non PONED training. In the group with PONED training, varible of attitude has the strongest influence on the performances."

"Tesis ini membahas rujukan kasus kegawatdaruratan Obstetri Neonatal oleh Bidan Desa ke Puskesmas mampu PONED di Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Hasil Penelitian menyarankan bahwa setiap bidan desa harus tinggal di desa dan mendapatkan pelatihan APN dan PPGDON; puskesmas harus membuat sosialisasi dan pembinaan khusus untuk kegiatan PONED; Dinas Kesehatan harus memenuhi kebutuhan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) khusus untuk petugas PONED melalui mutasi dan promosi yang tepat; memenuhi kebutuhan sarana dan pembinaan terjadwal secara rutin; membuat penilaian kinerja Puskesmas mampu PONED sebagai tolak ukur keberhasilan kegiatan PONED di Kabupaten Bogor; memberikan bantuan biaya transportasi kepada masyarakat miskin yang akan dirujuk.

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The focus of this study is the referral case of an obstetric and neonatal emergency by villagel midwives to the PONED preliminary health Center in Bogor District. This research is a qualitative study. This study results come up with some suggestions. Every midwife need to stay in the rural district and get the training PPGDON and training APN; PHC should make some socialization and coaching program related to PONED activities; Health Department in Bogor must fulfill the need of PONED human resources by some mutation and promotion; in addition, the supervision facility and observation need to be scheduled regulary; some indicator of success have to be developed in order to measure the PONED performance effectively; besides, the cost of transportation also should be allocated to protect the poor."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Angka kematian ibu AKI merupakan salah satu indikator kualitas dan aksesibilitas fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan ibu. Untuk menurunkan AKI di Indonesia, kementerian kesehatan melaksanakan program PONED. Penelitian-penelitian terhadap puskesmas PONED menunjukkan pelaksanaan PONED masih belum sesuai standar kinerja PONED. AKI pada wilayah puskesmas PONED dengan layanan yang belum sesuai standar masih tinggi, padahal program PONED dilaksanakan sebagai salah satu upaya menurunkan AKI di Indonesia.Tujuan: Mengukur tingkat kepatuhan terhadap standar kinerja PONED pada puskesmas PONED yang berada di wilayah dengan AKI tinggi dan AKI rendah. Mengetahui kendala dalam pelaksanaan PONED.Metode: Mixed-method dengan embedded design. Penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan rancangan survei potong lintang untuk mendapatkan data tingkat kepatuhan terhadap standar kinerja PONED. Pengambilan data kualitatif melalui kuesioner yang diberikan kepada tim PONED dan kepala puskesmas dilakukan secara bersamaan dengan pengambilan data kuantitatif. Sampel adalah seluruh populasi puskesmas PONED di Jakarta Timur 10 puskesmas dan Jakarta Pusat 8 puskesmas . Data kuantitatif diolah dengan statistik deskriptif dan uji t untuk melihat perbedaan. Data kualitatif diolah dengan koding terbuka untuk menghasilkan kode dan kategori.Hasil: Dari 18 puskesmas, 1 sedang tidak menjalankan PONED dan dikeluarkan dari sampel penelitian. Jumlah sampel menjadi 9 puskesmas di Jakarta Timur AKI rendah dan 8 puskesmas di Jakarta Pusat AKI tinggi . Tingkat kepatuhan terhadap standar kinerja PONED pada puskesmas di Jakarta Pusat 72 secara bermakna lebih tinggi dari puskesmas di Jakarta Timur 72 64 , t=2,543, p= 0,022 . Kendala dalam pelaksanaan PONED: fasilitas fisik, perlengkapan, sumber daya manusia, manajemen dan kendala eksternal yang berhubungan dengan pelatihan lanjutan bagi tim PONED.Simpulan:Tingkat kepatuhan terhadap standar kinerja PONED pada puskesmas PONED di wilayah dengan AKI tinggi lebih tinggi dibandingkan di wilayah dengan AKI rendah, namun tingkat kepatuhan terhadap standar kinerja PONED pada kedua wilayah tergolong rendah. Kendala pelaksanaan PONED: fasilitas fisik, perlengkapan, sumber daya manusia, manajemen dan kendala eksternal.

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ABSTRACTBackground Maternal mortality rate MMR is one of the indicator of quality and accessibility of health, especially in women. In order to lower the MMR, Indonesian Ministry of Health developed a safe motherhood program in the community health center called PONED. Studies about PONED rsquo s community health center showed that these community health centers were not yet provide the healthcare for mother and baby according to PONED rsquo s standards and the MMR in the area of these community health center were still high.Objective To measure the compliance of PONED rsquo s standards in PONED rsquo s community health center in the area of high and low mortality rate. To know the hindrance of PONED rsquo s implementation in PONED rsquo s community health center.Methods Mixed method with embedded design. Cross sectional studies for quantitative data performed along with the qualitative survey given to the PONED rsquo s team in each community health center. Sample of the study is the whole population of PONED rsquo s community health center in East Jakarta 10 and Central Jakarta 8 .Result 1 of 18 sample was excluded because of not performing PONED rsquo s care at the time of the study. Total sample were 9 in East Jakarta low MMR area and 8 in Central Jakarta high MMR area . Mean of PONED rsquo s standard index of community health center in Central Jakarta 72 is significantly higher t 2,543, p 0,022 than East Jakarta 64 , but both were below the expected standards.The hindrance of PONED rsquo s implementation in community health center are facilities, medicine, human resource, management and external hindrance related to continuing training for PONED rsquo s team.Conclusion The compliance of PONED rsquo s standards in PONED rsquo s community health center in the area of high MMR are higher than the compliance of PONED rsquo s standards in PONED rsquo s community health center in the area of low MMR, but both were below the expected standards. The hindrance of PONED rsquo s implementation in community health center are facilities, medicine, human resource, management and external hindrance related to continuing training for PONED rsquo s team."

"Latar belakang: Laju penurunan Angka Kematian Bayi melambat sejak tahun 1991-2017. Enam puluh tiga persen kematian bayi terjadi pada periode neonatal dimana risiko kematian yang terjadi pada bayi yang tidak mendapatkan Pelayanan Kesehatan Neonatal Esensial adalah 18,56 kali lebih tinggi daripada bayi yang mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan tersebut. Puskesmas PONED X merupakan Puskesmas PONED satu-satunya di Kecamatan X, Kota Depok, dimana terdapat kesenjangan terbesar pada indikatorindikator terkait dengan Pelayanan Kesehatan Neonatal Esensial serta memiliki kebutuhan akan layanan yang besar berdasarkan jumlah persalinan, bayi lahir hidup dan pemanfaatan puskesmas untuk melakukan persalinan. Terkait hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis kualitas penerapan Pelayanan Kesehatan Neonatal Esensial di Puskesmas PONED Kecamatan X. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus yang dilakukan di Puskesmas PONED X pada bulan April-Mei 2020. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif dan telaah dokumen. Informan penelitian ini terdiri dari Kepala Puskesmas, Bidan Koordinator PONED, Bidan Koordinator KIA dan para Bidan Pelaksana PONED serta para Ibu dari neonatus yang mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan neonatal esensial di Puskesmas Kecamatan X. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah, jenis dan kompetensi tenaga kesehatan yang masih kurang, persiapan alat dan bahan habis pakai yang belum lengkap, serta belum sesuainya pelaksanaan dalam perawatan neonatal esensial pada saat dan setelah lahir dengan standar pelaksanaan yang ditetapkan oleh Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Meskipun hasil indikator output menunjukkan ketercapaian yang sangat baik di 4 bulan pertama tahun 2020, akan tetapi dalam pelaksanaan proses pelayanannya, belum semua standar proses dilakukan sesuai Pedoman Pelayanan Kesehatan Neonatal Esensial Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Kesimpulan dan Rekomendasi: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas penerapan Pelayanan Kesehatan Neonatal Esensial di Puskesmas PONED Kecamatan X masih kurang karena berdasarkan analisis komponen input, proses dan output, masih terdapat kekurangan baik terkait komponen input maupun proses penerapan layanan yang belum sesuai dengan standar yang ditetapkan oleh Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Penguatan pemenuhan komponen input dan penguatan manajemen serta kapasitas tenaga kesehatan dalam memahami dan melakukan proses Pelayanan Kesehatan Neonatal Esensial sesuai standar merupakan hal yang direkomendasikan.

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Background: Decrease in Infant Mortality has slowed since 1991-2017. Sixty-three percent of infant deaths occur in the neonatal period where the risk of death that occurs in infants who do not get Essential Neonatal Health Services is 18.56 times higher than babies who receive these health services. X BEONC Primary Health Centre is the only BEONC Primary Health Centre in X Subdistrict, Depok City, where there is the largest gap of indicators related to Essential Neonatal Health Services in 2017 and has a large need for services based on the number of live births and utilization of childbirth services. This study aims to analyze the application of Essential Neonatal Health Services at BEONC Primary Health Center in X District.

Method: This research is a qualitative study with a case study design, conducted at the X BEONC Primary Health Centre in April-May 2020. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews, participatory observations and documents review. The informants of this research consisted of the Head of the Primary Health Centre, the BEONC Coordinating Midwife, the Maternal and Child (MnC) Coordinating Midwife, the BEONC Implementing Midwifes and the mothers of neonates who received Essential Neonatal Health Services at X BEONC Primary Health Centre.

Results: The results showed the number, type and competency of health workers were still lacking, preparation of equipment and consumables were incomplete, and incomplete implementation in essential neonatal care with the implementation standards set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. Although the output indicator results show that indicators related Essential Neonatal Services have been very good in the first 4 months of 2020, but in the implementation of its services, not all process have been carried out in accordance with the Ministry of Health's Guidelines.

Conclusions and Recommendations: The results showed that the quality of implementation of essential neonatal health services at the PONED Puskesmas District X was still lacking, because based on an analysis of the input, process and output components, there are still shortcomings, related to the input component and the service implementation that do not meet the standards set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. Strengthening the fulfillment of input components and strengthening management and the capacity of health workers in understanding and conducting the Essential Neonatal Health Service process according to standards is highly recommended."

"Penelitian ini berfokus pada penilaian kinerja pelayanan PONED di Puskesmas PONED Tanah Sareal Kota Bogor dengan menggunakan pendekatan Balanced Scorecard. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif untuk melihat gambaran keterkaitan visi dan misi Puskesmas dengan kinerja dari keempat perspektif Balanced Scorecard yakni perspektif pelanggan, perspektif proses internal, perspektif keuangan, dan pembelajaran serta pertumbuhan. Hasil dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa visi dan misi Puskesmas sudah cukup sejalan dengan tujuan utama pelayanan kesehatan yakni kepuasan pasien di Puskesmas. Tingkat kepuasan yang cukup baik tidak lepas dari kepatuhan tenaga pelaksana PONED yang menjalankan tugas sesuai dengan standar prosedur yang berlaku dan peran keikutsertaan tenaga pelaksana pada pelatihan yang dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilannya. Sedangkan dalam hal perspektif keuangan, lebih kepada besaran anggaran untuk Puskesmas yang mana indikatornya adalah visi dan misi serta jumlah pasien yang menggunakan layanan. Upaya-upaya strategis untuk meningkatkan kinerja pelayanan harus terus dilakukan agar tingkat kinerja puskesmas berada pada kondisi yang lebih baik terutama pada kinerja perspektif pelanggan yang mana hal tersebut sangat berhubungan dengan tujuan pelayanan Puskesmas.

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This research focuses on assessing the performance of services in the health center BEONC of Puskesmas Tanah Sareal using the Balanced Scorecard approach. This research is a qualitative study to see pictures of the vision and mission of the health center linkages with the performance of the four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard, which customer perspective, internal process perspective, financial perspective, and learning and growth.

The results of this study concluded that the vision and mission of the health center are quite consistent with which main goals of health services at the health center patient satisfaction. A fairly good level of satisfaction cannot be separated from BEONC health workers obedience that perform tasks in accordance with standard procedures and the role of health personnel participation in training can improve knowledge and skills. While in terms of financial perspective, over the amount of the budget for the health center where the indicator is the vision and mission as well as the number of patients who use the service.

Strategic efforts to improve the performance of the service must be done so that the level of performance of health centers is in better condition, especially on the performance of the customer's perspective in which it is highly correlated with the goal of health center services."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang kelayakan rujukan oleh bidan Puskesmas Poned Kota di RSUD Pirngadi Medan Tahun 2012. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh kasus rujukan yang dirujuk ke RSUD Pirngadi berjumlah 136 kasus rujukan, dan dilengkapi dengan informasi dari 17 orang bidan di 6 Puskesmas Poned. Data primer diambil dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner, daftar ceklist dan data sekunder menggunakan data rekam medis RSUD Pirngadi Medan. Ada 75,7% kasus rujukan persalinan yang layak dirujuk dan 24,3% kasus rujukan persalinan yang tidak layak dirujuk.

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This study analyzed the referral feasibility by Poned Health Centres midwives in Pirngadi Medan Hospital in 2012. This is a quantitative research using cross sectional design. Sample in this study are all referral cases referred to Pirngadi Hospital 136 cases and supplemented by information from 17 midwives in 6 Poned Health Centre. Data used a questionnaire, checklist, and medical record. There were 75,7% of the cases referred to decent referral and 24,3% of cases referral is not feasible referenced."

"Pelayanan Obstetri dan Neonatal Emergensi Dasar (PONED) merupakan salah satu pelayanan Puskesmas yang diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi untuk penurunan AKI dan AKB. Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI), Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) dan Angka Kematian Balita (AKABA) di Indonesia tertinggi dibandingkan negara-negara ASEAN lainnya. Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu memiliki 2 Puskesmas Kecamatan yang memiliki rawat inap yang berfungsi PONED dan 4 Puskesmas Kelurahan yang mempunyai perawatan 24 jam. Namun demikian indikator pelayanan Program PONED masih belum mencapai target, salah satunya angka Kematian Bayi dan Rujukan Ibu Melahirkan yang masih sangat tinggi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik kualitatif. Informan ditentukan dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Informan penelitian antara lain masyarakat, Pemerintah Daerah, Tim PONED Puskesmas, Para Kepala Puskesmas PONED, penanggung jawab program PONED Sudinkes Pulau Seribu, dan Penanggung Jawab SDM Kesehatan Sudinkes Kepulauan Seribu. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa data primer dan data sekunder berupa hasil wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian diperoleh data bahwa pada standar dan ukuran kebijakan telah dipahami oleh pelaksana kebijakan. Pemahaman ini didukung komunikasi yang jelas dan berkelanjutan antara Dinas Kesehatan, puskesmas dan stakeholder, kejelasan informasi dan konsistensi informasi. Ketersediaan anggaran, sarana dan prasarana sudah mencukupi tetapi terkendala masalah pemeliharaan alat karena faktor air asin yang menyebabkan peralatan mudah berkarat dan rusak. Struktur birokrasi sudah terdapat Keputusan Bupati mengenai tim PONED, namun belum ada struktur khusus PONED di Suku Dinas Kesehatan Kepulauan Seribu Disposisi ditunjukan dengan sikap positif berupa komitmen bersama Pemerintah Daerah dan Puskesmas dalam penanganan ibu hamil, penanganan kasus rujukan ibu melahirkan dengan penyulit. Peran serta masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan PONED sudah ditunjukan dengan pemanfaatan Puskesmas PONED dalam pemeriksaan kehamilan dan proses melahirkan, Output pelaksanaan program PONED sudah dilakukan pencatatan dan pelaporan capaian program kepada penanggung jawab di Sudinkes, belum ada format pelaporan khusus PONED dan belum dilakukan analisa pelaporan PONED serta feedbacak pelaporan belum dilaksanakan. Implementasi pelayanan PONED di Puskesmas Kepulauan Seribu Selatan dan Puskesmas Pulau Seribu Utara sudah berjalan tapi belum optimal dengan adanya hambatan dan kendala di komponen input, proses maupun output yang harus diatasi sehingga pelayana PONED di Kepulauan Seribu bisa berjalan dengan baik.

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Basic Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care (PONED) is one of the Primary Health Care services that is expected to contribute to the reduction of MMR and IMR. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR), Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and Toddler Mortality Rate in Indonesia are the highest compared to other ASEAN countries. The Seribu Islands Administrative Regency has 2 sub-district health centers that have PONED inpatient care and 4 sub-district health centers that have 24-hour care. However, the service indicators of the PONED program have not yet reached the target, one of which is the very high infant mortality rate and maternal referral. This study was a qualitative analytic study. Informants were determined using purposive sampling. The research informants included the community, local government, Primary Health Care PONED team, Heads of Primary Health Care PONED, the person in charge of the Thousand Island sub-district PONED program, and the person in charge of the Thousand Islands sub-district health human resources. The research results show that the policy standards and measures have been understood by implementers. This understanding is supported by clear and continuous communication between the Health Service, community health centers and stakeholders, clarity of information and consistency of information. The availability of budget, facilities and infrastructure is sufficient but is hampered by equipment maintenance problems due to the salt water factor which causes the equipment to rust easily and cause damage. The bureaucratic structure already has a Regent's Decree regarding the poned team, but there is no special PONED structure in the Seribu Islands Health Sub-Department. The disposition is shown by a positive attitude in the form of a joint commitment between the Regional Government and the Community Health Center in handling pregnant women, handling referral cases of mothers giving birth with complications. Community participation in the implementation of PONED has been demonstrated by the use of PONED Community Health Centers in pregnancy checks and the birthing process. The output of the implementation of the PONED program has been recorded and reported on program achievements to the person in charge at the Health Sub-Department. reporting has not been implemented. The implementation of PONED services at the South Seribu Islands Community Health Center and North Thousand Islands Health Center is already underway but is not yet optimal due to the existence of barriers and obstacles in the input, process and output components that must be overcome so that PONED services in the Thousand Islands can run well."