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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini berisi tentang bagaimana pengaruh pengungkapan family owrnership terhadap dividend pay out ratio dan leverage di Perusahaan Sektor Consumer Goods, Wholesale, dan Restautant yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2011 ndash; 2015. Family ownership diduga memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap dividend pay out ratio dan leverage. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel dengan sampel 61 perusahaan sektor consumer goods, wholesale, dan restaurant yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2011 -2015. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menggunakan metode Pooled LeastSquare menunjukan hasil 1 family ownership berpengaruh negatif terhadap dividend pay out ratio 2 family ownership berpengaruh positif terhadap leverage.

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ABSTRACTThis study discusses about how the influence of family ownership towards Dividen Payout Ratio and Leverage on consumer goods, wholesale, restaurant firms listed in Indonesa Stock Exchange for ther periode 2011 2015. This research uses panel data of 61 company of consumer goods, wholesale, and restaurant firms. Family ownership is estimated reduce dividend pay out ratio and leverage. This study use Pooled Least Square Regression and the result shows 1 Family Ownership have significant negatif impact towards dividend pay out ratio 2 Family Ownership have significant positive effect towards leverage"

"Rotan merupakan komoditas hasil hutan non-kayu terbesar di Indonesia dan sebesar 80% telah diekspor ke seluruh dunia, hal tersebut menyebabkan pemerintah mengeluarkan beberapa kebijakan terkait tataniaga rotan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dampak dari kebijakan pembatasan ekspor rotan mentah terhadap ekspor produk rotan Indonesia dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhi ekspor produk rotan Indonesia ke lima negara terbesar pengimpor produk rotan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel metode Pooled Least Square. Dampak dari kebijakan pembatasan ekspor rotan mentah akan menurunkan permintaan volume ekspor produk rotan ke lima negara terbesar pengimpor produk rotan. GDP perkapita lima negara terbesar pengimpor produk rotan, nilai tukar riil, krisis ekonomi Indonesia dan krisis ekonomi dunia mempengaruhi volume ekspor produk rotan Indonesia ke lima negara terbesar pengimpor produk rotan.

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Rattan is a commodity of non-timber forest products in Indonesia and 80% have been exported all over the world, it causes the government issued several policies related rattan trading system. This study was conducted to determine the policyimpact of the restriction on the export of rattan on Indonesian rattan products and identify the factors that influence the Indonesian rattan product exports to five countries importing the largest Indonesian rattan products. This study uses panel data Pooled Least Square method. Policy-impact of the restriction on export of rattan will decrease to five countries importing the largest rattan products. GDP per capita of the five largest importer of rattan products, real exchange rate, Indonesia and the world economic crisis affects the volume of Indonesian rattan product exports to five countries importing the largest rattan products."

"AbstractEconomic and political systems might have a great share in determining the speed of the economic growth in an economy. Majority of the researchs in the past relied on physical input accumulation in determining economic growth, without taking into account the contribution of institutional characteristics. This research is aimed to test the hypothesis that economic freedom and political system affect the economic growth. Using panel data method (pooled least square approach) in eight ASEAN countries during the period of 1997-2007 and based on a framework of Solow economic growth model, it is showed that the more free and efficient economy leads to faster economic growth, and political democracy can otherwise hinder economic growth. Economy can grow higher if public policies are directed to the creation of: a stable monetary conditions, a more efficient in intermediation of financial markets, appropriate public budget policy, straightforward and efficient regulations, corruption eradication, as well as lower taxes. Nevertheless the index of investment freedom and property rights are far away from the behaviors of existing theories and hypothesis, so further research is needed."

"ABSTRAKKelayakan utang sebuah negara (credit worthiness) sebuah negara ditentukan dari kondisi ekonomi makro negara tersebut dan faktor eksternal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh faktor ekonomi makro serta faktor eksternal terhadap yield spread negara-negara di Asia Timur, Amerika Latin, dan Karibian. Variabel ekonomi makro yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini digolongkan dalam dua kelompok yakni yang memengaruhi likuiditas dab solvensi serta yang memengaruhi fundamental ekonomi makro. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan yeild spread triwulanan dari 11 negara untuk periode 2000Q1:2015Q4 dan analisis regresi data panel menggunakan Pooled Least Square (PLS), Fixed Effect Model (FEM), dan Random Effect Model (REM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel ekonomi makro yang memengaruhi yield spread adalah rasio utang luar negeri terhadap PDB, nilai tukar riil (real effective exchange rate), dan pertumbuhan PDB per kapita. Faktor eksternal yang memengaruhi yield spread adalah yield US Treasury 10 tahun dan Volatility Index (VIX)."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komposisi dewan komisaris sebagai aspek dari internal corporate governance terhadap risiko perusahaan khususnya industri pertambangan yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia. Risiko perusahaan dicerminkan dengan proksi Total Risk dan Asset Return Risk, sedangkan internal corporate governance diproksikan menggunakan Board Size, Board Independence, Board Gender, dan Board Ownership dari dewan komisaris perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel dengan metode Pooled Least Square dan Fixed Effect Model pada periode 2017 – 2021 untuk menguji hipotesis. Sampel penelitian terkumpul sebanyak 29 perusahaan dengan total 145 observasi untuk periode 5 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara Board Size, Board Independence, Board Gender, dan Board Ownership terhadap Total Risk. Tetapi, ditemukan pengaruh signifikan antara Board Size terhadap Asset Return Risk, sedangakan Board Independence, Board Gender, dan Board Ownership tidak ditemukan signifikan terhadap Asset Return Risk.

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This research aims to investigate the influence of the composition of the board of commissioners as an aspect of internal corporate governance on firm risk, particularly in the mining industry listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Firm risk is reflected by proxies such as Total Risk and Asset Return Risk, while internal corporate governance is proxied using Board Size, Board Independence, Board Gender, and Board Ownership of the company's board of commissioners. This study utilizes panel data with the Pooled Least Square and Fixed Effect Model methods for the period 2017-2021 to test hypotheses. The research sample consists of 29 companies, totaling 145 observations over a 5-year period. The research results indicate that there is no significant influence between Board Size, Board Independence, Board Gender, and Board Ownership on Total Risk. However, a significant influence was found between Board Size and Asset Return Risk, while Board Independence, Board Gender, and Board Ownership were not found to be significant factors affecting Asset Return Risk.

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