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"Keluarga sebagai miniatur masyarakat juga dikenal sebagai lahan utama terjadinya konflik.Kakak-adik yang idealnyaakrab justru dapat mengalami persaingan dan konflik berupa sibling rivalry yang berkepanjangan.Penelitian ini melihat pola relasi dan konflik sosial pada kakak-adik dalam keluarga lewat teori keluarga dalam perspektif konflik milik Klein & White. Penelitian ini fokus pada keluarga dengan dyad berjenis kelamin sama dan berjarak usia relatif dekat (3 tahun).Metode penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif jenis studi kasus dengan pengumpulan data lewat wawancara mendalam.Temuan utama penelitian ini adalah sibling rivalry pada kasus sudah mengarah pada relasi disosiatif, bukan asosiatif. persaingan yang ada tidak sekedar menimbulkan perkelahian sesaat, namun terbawa pada berbagai aspek sehingga menimbulkan relasi yang disosiatif pada kakak-adik. Relasi tersebut dibangun dari relasi orangtua-anak yang intens dengan adanya preferensi dan kekerasan pada keluarga.Penelitian ini menyarankan kakak-adik dan orangtua untuk melakukan kontrol terhadap konflik yang terjadi serta melakukan manajemen konflik untuk menyelesaikan konflik secara menyeluruh.

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Family as a miniature of the society is also known as the main field of conflict to occur. The idea of siblings who were supposed to be close apparently also prone to rivalry and conflict in the form of continuous sibling rivalry. This research describes social conflict which occurs in siblings in the family by mainly using Klein & White’s family theories in conflict perspective. This research focuses on family with same-sex dyads with relatively close age range.

This research uses qualitative methods for case study and uses in-depth interview for data collecting. The main findings of this research are sibling rivalry between dyads are mainly dissociative. Such relations were based on the occurance of social preference in parent-child relation and violence in the family. This research suggest siblings and parents to perform social control and conflict management to resolve conflicts."

"Perilaku seksisme masih dijumpai di negara dengan tingkat kesetaraan gender yang cukup tinggi, salah satunya negara Jerman. Di era feminisme yang cukup baik, perilaku seksisme justru dilakukan oleh sesama perempuan. Sesama perempuan ini membentuk persaingan intraseksual atau feminine rivalry dengan standar yang dibuat laki-laki. Standar tersebut dibuat bukan karena pengaruh langsung dari laki-laki, melainkan melalui proses internalisasi objektifikasi perempuan terhadap diri sendiri dan orang lain. Isu tersebut akan diteliti melalui film Freibad (2022) yang disutradarai oleh Doris Dörrie. Penelitian ini disusun dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teori Representasi oleh Stuart Hall dan teori film Auteur. Hasil analisis penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persaingan antar perempuan banyak terjadi di ruang lingkup feminisme. Kehadiran laki-laki yang minim nyatanya masih memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap pandangan perempuan terhadap sesamanya. Kebebasan perempuan masih terkekang oleh standar laki-laki yang diaplikasikan kepada diri sendiri dan perempuan lain.

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Sexist behavior is still found in countries with high gender equality index, such as Germany. In the feminism era, sexist behavior is actually carried out by fellow women. These women form an intrasexual competition or feminine rivalry with standards made by men. These standards are no longer made because of direct influence of men, but through the internalization process of women’s objectification of themselves and others. This issue will be researched through the film Freibad (2022) directed by Doris Dörrie. This study is conducted using the qualitative method through Representation theory by Stuart Hall and Auteur film theory. The results of this study show that competition between women occurs in the scope of feminism. The insignificant presence of men still has big influence on women’s view towards each other. Women’s freedom is still limited by male standards applied to themselves and other women."

"ABSTRAKSibling rivalry pada anak toddler adalah kecemburuan toddler terhadap adik kandungnya. Oleh karena itu, pengetahuan ibu sangat penting dalam mengatasi peristiwa sibling rivalry pada anak toddler. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang sibling rivalry pada anak usia toddler di Kelurahan Tugu Kecamatan Cimanggis Kota Depok. Penelitian ini melibatkan 96 ibu yang memiliki anak usia toddlerdimana anak usia toddler tersebut mempunyai adik kandung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar (56,2%) ibu memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik tentang sibling rivalry. Peneliti menyarankan ibu menggunakan pengetahuannya tentang sibling rivalry untuk mengatasi terjadinya sibling rivalry pada anak toddler.

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abstractSibling rivalry in toddler is the toddler?s jealous to his younger sibling. Therefore, knowledge of mother is important to handle sibling rivalry in toddler. This study used descriptive quantitative design to identify mother?s knowledge level about sibling rivalry in toddler at Kelurahan Tugu Kecamatan Cimanggis Kota Depok. This study involved 96 mothers with toddler who has younger sibling. The results showed that the majority (56.2%) mothers had good knowledge about the level ofsibling rivalry. Researcher recommended that mothers used their knowledge about sibling rivalry to handle sibling rivalry in toddler."

"Intense rivalry between the president and congress is inevitable in presidential electoral system that can produce divided party control of the two branches. Cooperation may be more likely when both the president and congress are of the some party. The give-and-take between national and local representation, deliberation and efficiency, openness and accountability, specific interests and the "public good" ensures a certain amount of confrontation between congress and the president. As we have seen, their relation are shaped by an amalgam of factors: constitutional design, dlifferet constituencies, different terms of office, weak political parties, divided party control of government, ongoing competition for power, and pluralism. Although the rivalry and conflict between Congress and the president are inherent in the US's Presidential system of government, president must find support in Congress and members must seek assistance from the White House. To succeed in office every president must surmount the constitutional and political obstacles to pass their legislative program and establish a working relationship with Congress. Separation of powers and the division of political control between president and congresses do not present an insurmountable barrier to good public policy making. Presidents need to lead both public opinion and a consensus among the policy communities in Congress to solve the problems that are so readily visible. Overcoming divided government, changing public opinion, building consensus, and establishing the nation's policy priorities."

"Sibling rivalry merupakan fenomena umum dalam keluarga dengan dua anak atau lebih, yang muncul pada masa kanak-kanak. Fenomena ini dapat menimbulkan perilaku maladaptif pada anak dan meningkatkan stres dalam keluarga. Komunikasi antara orang tua dan anak dianggap sebagai salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi terjadinya sibling rivalry. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara komunikasi orang tua dan kejadian sibling rivalry pada anak usia prasekolah di Kota Depok. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan desain cross-sectional dari 174 sampel orang tua dengan anak usia prasekolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar anak prasekolah di Kota Depok tidak mengalami sibling rivalry, sementara komunikasi orang tua mayoritas berada dalam kategori baik. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara komunikasi orang tua dan kejadian sibling rivalry dengan nilai signifikansi p-value menggunakan uji chi square sebesar 0.001 (<0.05). Semakin baik komunikasi orang tua, semakin rendah kejadian sibling rivalry. Penelitian ini menunjukkan dengan komunikasi yang baik, serta memastikan setiap anak merasa dihargai dan diperhatikan secara merata, dapat mengurangi kejadian sibling rivalry.

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Sibling rivalry is a common phenomenon in families with two or more children, which emerges during childhood. This phenomenon can lead to maladaptive behavior in children and increase stress in the family. Communication between parents and children is considered one of the factors that influence the occurrence of sibling rivalry. This study aimed to explore the relationship between parental communication and the incidence of sibling rivalry in preschool-aged children in Depok City. Data were collected using a cross-sectional design from 174 samples of parents with preschool-aged children. The results showed that most preschool children in Depok City did not experience sibling rivalry, while most parental communication was in the good category. There is a significant relationship between parental communication and the incidence of sibling rivalry with a significance p-value using the chi-square test of 0.001 (<0.05). The better parental communication, the lower the incidence of sibling rivalry. This study shows that good communication, as well as ensuring each child feels valued and cared for equally, can reduce the incidence of sibling rivalry.

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"Sebanyak 75% anak di Indonesia mengalami sibling rivalry. Sibling rivalry yang tidak ditangani dapat berdampak negatif bagi perkembangan anak. Dalam proses pengasuhan anak, peran ayah sangat berarti bagi perkembangan anak.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara keterlibatan ayah dalam proses pengasuhan dan kejadian sibling rivalry pada anak usia prasekolah di Kecamatan Beji. Fokus penelitian ini terletak pada peran ayah sebagai faktor yang mungkin memengaruhi dinamika hubungan antara saudara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cluster random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara acak di beberapa kluster yang mewakili berbagai kelurahan di Kecamatan Beji. Penelitian ini melibatkan 112 ayah sebagai responden. Data dikumpulkan melalui instrumen penelitian Fatherhood Scale dan kuesioner kejadia sibling rivalry. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara keterlibatan ayah dalam proses pengasuhan dan kejadian sibling rivalry pada anak usia prasekolah dengan nilai signifikansi p-value menggunakan uji chi square sebesar 0,001 (<0,05). Semakin terlibat ayah dalam proses pengasuhan anak, maka akan mengurangi kejadian sibling rivalry pada anak usia prasekolah. Pengasuhan ayah yang optimal pada anak usia prasekolah akan membantu perkembangan kecerdasan emosi anak sehingga anak dapat mengatasi risiko terjadinya sibling rivalry. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat menambahkan faktor motivasi, tempat tinggal, dan kepuasan pernikahan dalam mengasuh anak.

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As many as 75% of children in Indonesia experienced sibling rivalry. Untreated sibling rivalry could have had a negative impact on a child's growth and development. In the process of raising children, the father's role was very important for the child's growth and development. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between father involvement in the parenting process and the incidence of sibling rivalry in preschool children in Beji District. The focus of this research was on the role of the father as a factor that might have influenced the dynamics of the relationship between siblings. The research method used was quantitative with a cross-sectional research design. The sampling technique used in this research was cluster random sampling. Data collection was carried out randomly in several clusters representing various sub-districts in Beji District. This research involved 112 fathers as respondents. Data was collected through the Fatherhood Scale research instrument and sibling rivalry incidence questionnaire. The results of this study found a significant relationship between father involvement in the child care process and the incidence of sibling rivalry in preschool children with a significant p-value using the chi-square test of 0.001 (<0.05). The more involved fathers were in the child-rearing process, the greater the incidence of sibling rivalry in preschool-age children. Optimal paternal care for preschool children would help develop children's emotional intelligence so that children could overcome the risk of sibling rivalry. Future research could add factors of motivation, place of residence, and marital satisfaction in raising children."

"Studi ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan menganalisis bagaimana tantangan pengasuhan dan strategi Ibu dalam menghadapi manajemen konflik sibling rivalry saudara kandung non-Autism Spectrum Disorder (non-ASD) dan anak yang memiliki Gangguan Spektrum Autisme atau Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Ruang lingkup penelitian ini adalah sosiologi keluarga, menggunakan konsep Strategi Manajemen Konflik yang saling melengkapi dengan konsep Family Conflict. Studi ini mengembangkan penemuan terdahulu dengan meneliti manajemen konflik ibu dalam menghadapi sibling rivalry yang mengutamakan pemenuhan kebutuhan anak atas distribusi sumber daya berharga dalam keluarga. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa sibling rivalry anak non-ASD dan anak ASD terjadi karena anak non-ASD merasakan kelangkaan distribusi sumber daya. Untuk itu, manajemen konflik dapat dilakukan dengan strategi yang dapat mengatasi penyebab konflik tersebut, yaitu dengan memenuhi kebutuhan anak non-ASD dan memberikan keadilan dalam distribusi sumber daya. Strategi dapat dilakukan dalam bentuk mediasi, negosiasi, serta bujukan (imbalan, persuasi, dan koersi). Strategi ini didukung oleh model penyelesaian konflik berupa akomodasi, kolaborasi, kompromi, dan penghindaran konflik. Penggunaan berbagai strategi ini harus mampu mengatasi kelangkaan distribusi yang dirasakan anak non-ASD dengan mengutamakan pemahaman atas perspektif anak serta menyesuaikan dengan kondisi anak.

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This study aims to understand and analyze the challenges and strategies employed by mothers in managing sibling rivalry conflicts involving non-Autism Spectrum Disorder (non-ASD) children and their siblings with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The scope of this research is family sociology, using the concept of Conflict Management Strategy which complements the concept of Family Conflict. This study enriches previous findings by examining mothers’ sibling rivalry conflict management that emphasizes in fulfilling children's needs of valuable resource distribution in family. This research adopts a qualitative approach, employing in-depth interviews with four mothers who have non-ASD and ASD children. The findings indicate that sibling rivalry between non-ASD and ASD children arises due to the perceived scarcity of resource distribution by non-ASD children. Therefore, conflict management can be implemented through strategies aimed at addressing this perceived scarcity, such as meeting the needs of non-ASD children and ensuring fairness in resource distribution. Strategies include mediation, negotiation, and inducement (reward, coercive, and persuasion). These strategies are supported by conflict modes, including accommodation, collaboration, compromise, and conflict-avoidance. The application of these various strategies must effectively address the perceived scarcity experienced by non-ASD children by prioritizing an understanding of the child's perspective and adapting to the child's conditions."

"Anak usia prasekolah rentan mengalami perselisihan dengan saudara kandungnya. Pada masa prasekolah, anak juga sedang mengalami perkembangan emosional. Cara ibu mengatasi sibling rivalry dapat berdampak pada perkembangan emosional anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan strategi ibu mengatasi sibling rivalry dengan perkembangan emosional anak usia prasekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional dengan teknik cluster random sampling didapatkan sampel penelitian berjumlah 112 ibu dengan anak usia prasekolah di Kecamatan Beji Kota Depok. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua jenis kuesioner, yaitu How Do You Manage Children’s Conflict Questionnaire (HMCC) dan Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional-2 (ASQ:SE-2). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara strategi ibu mengatasi sibling rivalry dengan perkembangan emosional anak usia prasekolah (p value = 0,001). Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mengoptimalisasi peran orang tua dan institusi pendidikan dalam meningkatkan perkembangan emosional anak usia prasekolah, khususnya anak yang memiliki saudara kandung di keluarga.

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Preschool-age children are prone to disputes with their siblings. During the preschool period, children are also undergoing emotional development. How mothers cope with rivalry can have an impact on children's emotional development. This study aims to identify the relationship between mothers' strategies to overcome sibling rivalry and the emotional development of preschool-age children. This study used a cross-sectional research design with cluster random sampling technique to obtain a research sample of 112 mothers with preschool-age children in Beji District, Depok City. This study used two types of questionnaires, namely How Do You Manage Children's Conflict Questionnaire (HMCC) and Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional-2 (ASQ:SE-2). The results of this study showed a significant relationship between mothers' strategies to overcome sibling rivalry and the emotional development of preschool-age children (p value = 0.001). This study is expected to optimize the role of parents and educational institutions in improving the emotional development of preschool-age children, especially those who have siblings in the family."