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"ABSTRAKPasca runtuhnya Uni Soviet, Asia Tengah menjadi kawasan yang mendapatbanyak perhatian dari dunia internasional. Asia Tengah yang termasuk dalam?near abroad? merupakan kawasan yang selalu menjadi prioritas utama kebijakanluar negeri Rusia. Oleh karena itu, munculnya negara-negara baru di Asia Tengahyang disertai dengan hadirnya kekuatan eksternal lain di kawasan menjaditantangan tersendiri bagi Rusia sebagai suksesor Uni Soviet. Hadirnya kekuataneksternal lain seperti Tiongkok, Amerika Serikat, dan Uni Eropa ditambah adanyaberagam reaksi dari negara-negara Asia Tengah membuat Rusia harus bersaingagar tidak kehilangan Sphere of Influence nya di Asia Tengah

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ABSTRACTAfter the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Central Asia has become a region thatgets many attentions from all over the world. Central Asia that has been includedin the so-called ?near abroad?, has always become a priority region for theRussian Federation?s Foreign Policy. Therefore, the independence of new states inCentral Asia and the active role of other external powers in the region becomechallenges for Russia. The active role of China, United States, and EuropeanUnion as the external powers and various responds from the Central Asiancountries makes Russia has to compete so that Russia will not lose her Sphere ofInfluence in the region"

"Historically, the Balkans has been the object of territory disputes since 14th century. Surrounding countries have fought to expand their sphere of influence over the area. This is unsurprising, given the strategic value of the Balkan countries even now. The fact of the matter is the demand for natural gas in Europe is increasing annually, while at the same time the rate of gas production is steadily plummeting. For this very reason, the West makes if a top priority to keep Balkan countries stable and peaceful, especially because it will secure gas supply from Central Asia to Europe. On the other hand, Russia will not remain silent under the threat of encroachment upon its sphere of influence by the West. To understand this issue, the author uses geopolitics perspective and Heartland theory by Sir Halford J. Mackinder (1861 - 1947) as a framework to analyze the behavior of great powers that are involved in this conflict of interest."