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"Pajak yang timbul sebagai akibat dari teijadinya pengalihan hak atas tanah dan/atau bangunan, yaitu Pajak Penghasilan dan Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah dan Bangunan yang dipungut berdasarkan sistem Self Assessment menggunakan Surat Setoran Pajak Penghasilan dan Surat Setoran Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah dan Bangunan yang diatur lebih lanjut dalam Peraturan Direktur Jenderal Pajak Nomor 35/PJ/2008 tentang Kewajiban Pemilikan Nomor Pokok Wajib Pajak Dalam Rangka Pengalihan Hak atas Tanah dan atau Bangunan. Nomor Pokok Wajib Pajak adalah suatu sarana dalam administrasi perpajakan yang dipergunakan sebagai tanda pengenal diri atau identitas Wajib Pajak. Sebelum seseorang diwajibkan mempunyai Nomor Pokok Wajib Pajak, ia terlebih dahulu harus memenuhi syarat subjektif dan syarat objektif, jika hanya memenuhi salah satu syarat ia belum diwajibkan mempunyai Nomor Pokok Wajib Pajak.Pokok permasalahan yang diangkat penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah: bagaimana peraturan pengenaan Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) dan Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB) beserta prakteknya menyangkut kewajiban pencantuman Nomor Pokok Wajib Pajak pada Surat Setoran Pajak Penghasilan dan Surat Setoran Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah Dan Bangunan? dan bagaimana tanggung jawab Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) dalam pelaksanaan pengenaan Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) dan Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB) khususnya terkait dengan Nomor Pokok Wajib Pajak (NPWP)?. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif yaitu penelitian yang difokuskan untuk mengkaji kaidah-kaidah atau norma-norma dalam hukum positif. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaturan mengenai Nomor Pokok Wajib Pajak ada pertentangan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2007 tentang Ketentuan Umum dan Tata Cara Perpajakan, Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2008 tentang Pajak Penghasilan bahwa Pajak Penghasilan, dan Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2009 tentang Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah.

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Tax arises as the impact of land and/building rights transfer which is realized by means of Income Tax and Duty on the Acquisition of Land and Building Rights. These taxes are collected based on the Self Assessment system using the Tax Payment Form and Duty on the Acquisition of Land and Building Rights Tax Payment Form which are regulated in the Regulation of Directorate General of Tax Number 35/PJ/2008 35/PJ/2008 on the Obligatory Ownership of Mandatory Taxpayer Number on Land and/ Building Rights Transfer. The Mandatory Taxpayer Number is a facility in the tax administration which is used to identify the Taxpayer. Before a person can obtain this number, the applicant must first fulfill the subjective and objective requirement cumulatively. Partial completion does not lead to the obligation to own Mandatory Taxpayer Number.In this thesis, the author would like to discuss about rules regarding the Income Tax and Duty on the Acquisition of Land and Building Rights Tax Payment Form along with its practice regarding the Obligatory Ownership of Mandatory Taxpayer Number on Land and/ Building Rights Transfer Tax Payment Form. In addition it also seeks to research about the responsibility of Official Certifier of Land Deeds in the enactment of Income Tax and Duty on the Acquisition of Land and Building Rights, particularly relating to the Mandatory Taxpayer Number. The legal research method applies a juridical normative research methodology which focuses on the aspects or norms of positive law. From the research, it is concluded that the regulation regarding Mandatory Taxpayer Number conflicts with Law Number 28 Year 2007 on General Rules and Taxation Procedures, Law Number 38 Year 2008 on Income Tax and Law Number 28 Year 2009 on Provincial Tax and Provincial Levies."

"Human platelet antigen (HPA) merupakan salah satu antigen yang berpengaruh dalam keberhasilan transfusi trombosit, selain human leukocyte antigen (HLA). Ketidakcocokkan HPA akan menyebabkan platelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR). Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya, diketahui bahwa HPA alel 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 15 sering dikaitkan dengan proses terjadinya PTR. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui frekuensi gen pada HPA alel 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 15 pada populasi Indonesia dan membuat panel data HPA alel 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 15 dari donor, khususnya donor lestari, untuk peningkatan pelayanan transfusi trombosit di Indonesia. Genotyping dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode polymerase chain reaction- sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada populasi Indonesia, frekuensi gen HPA 1a dan 1b sebesar 0,97% dan 0.03%; frekuensi gen HPA 2a dan 2b sebesar 0,94% dan 0,06%; frekuensi gen HPA 3a dan 3b sebesar 0,52% dan 0,48%; frekuensi gen HPA 4a dan 4b sebesar 0,95% dan 0,05%; frekuensi gen HPA 5a% dan 5b% sebesar 0,97% dan 0,03%; frekuensi gen HPA 6a dan 6b sebesar 0,95% dan 0,05%; dan frekuensi gen HPA 15a dan 15b sebesar 0,51% dan 0,49%.

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Human platelet antigen (HPA) is one of the antigens that influences the success of platelet transfusion, in addition to human leukocyte antigen (HLA). Human Platelet Antigen mismatch leads to platelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR). Based on previous research, it is known that the HPA alleles of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 15, are linked to the PTR process. This aims of this research are to determine the genotypes of HPA alleles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 15, and also to estimate the frequency of those alleles in Indonesia. The results will be put into the data panel, for improvement in platelet transfusion services for sustainable donors. Polymerase Chain Reaction-Sequence Specific Primers (PCR-SSP) was used in this research for allele detection. The result shows the frequency of those alleles are as follows; the frequency of HPA gene 1a and 1b are 0.97 and 0.03; HPA gene 2a and 2b are 0.94 and 0.06, HPA gene 3a and 3b are 0.52 and 0.48, HPA gene 4a and 4b are 0.95 and 0.05, GPA gene 5a and 5b are 0.97 and 0.03, HPA gene 6a and 6b are 0.95 and 0.05, and HPA gene 15a and 15b are 0.51 and 0.49.;Human platelet antigen (HPA) is one of the antigens that influences the success of

platelet transfusion, in addition to human leukocyte antigen (HLA). Human

Platelet Antigen mismatch leads to platelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR).

Based on previous research, it is known that the HPA alleles of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and

15, are linked to the PTR process. This aims of this research are to determine the

genotypes of HPA alleles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 15, and also to estimate the

frequency of those alleles in Indonesia. The results will be put into the data panel,

for improvement in platelet transfusion services for sustainable donors.

Polymerase Chain Reaction-Sequence Specific Primers (PCR-SSP) was used in

this research for allele detection. The result shows the frequency of those alleles

are as follows; the frequency of HPA gene 1a and 1b are 0.97 and 0.03; HPA gene

2a and 2b are 0.94 and 0.06, HPA gene 3a and 3b are 0.52 and 0.48, HPA gene 4a

and 4b are 0.95 and 0.05, GPA gene 5a and 5b are 0.97 and 0.03, HPA gene 6a

and 6b are 0.95 and 0.05, and HPA gene 15a and 15b are 0.51 and 0.49."

"Infeksi sistem saraf pusat diantaranya dapat disebabkan oleh S. pneumoniae dan S. agalactiae. Serotipe dari kedua bakteri tersebut dibedakan berdasarkan kapsul polisakaridanya yang merupakan faktor virulensi dominan ketika menginfeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis spesifisitas dan sensitivitas antibodi poliklonal anti-vaksin konjugat pneumokokus 13-valen (PCV13) terhadap kapsul polisakarida S. pneumoniae dan S. agalactiae untuk pengembangan uji immunodiagnostik pada infeksi sistem saraf pusat. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan produksi antibodi poliklonal anti-kapsul PCV13 pada kelinci, isolasi kapsul polisakarida dari S. pneumoniae serotipe 6B dan 19F isolat Indonesia juga S. agalactiae serotipe II untuk melihat reaksi silang antar spesies. Metode indirect ELISA, multipleks PCR, purifikasi kapsul, dan western blot dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Antibodi anti-kapsul PCV13 antara kelompok kontrol dan uji memiliki perbedaan bermakna terhadap kapsul polisakarida S. pneumoniae serotipe 6B dan 19F. Sensitivitas tertinggi antara kapsul S. pneumoniae standar dan hasil isolasi yaitu pada serotipe 6B sebesar 88% dengan spesifisitas 67%. Namun, S.agalactiae menunjukkan nilai spesifisitas yang cukup tinggi juga dengan S.pneumoniae 6B sebesar 80%. Hal tersebut dikonfirmasi juga berdasarkan hasil western blot yang menunjukkan adanya pita pada tiga kapsul polisakarida hasil isolasi tersebut. Sehingga hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya reaksi silang pada antibodi poliklonal anti-PCV13 terhadap S. agalactiae serotipe II.

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Central nervous system infections can be caused by S. pneumoniae and S.agalactiae. The serotypes of the two bacteria are differentiated based on their polysaccharide capsule which is the dominant virulence factor when infecting. This study aims to analyze the specificity and sensitivity of the anti-capsule polyclonal antibody of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) against the polysaccharide capsules of S.pneumoniae and S.agalactiae for the development of an immunodiagnostic test in central nervous system infections. In this research, the production of anti-PCV13 polyclonal antibodies was carried out in rabbits, isolation of polysaccharide capsules from Indonesian isolates S. pneumoniae serotypes 6B and 19F, and S. agalactiae serotype II to observe cross-reactions between species. Indirect ELISA, capsule purification, and western blot methods were performed in this study. The anti-capsule PCV13 antibodies between control and test groups had significant differences against polysaccharide capsules of S. pneumoniae serotypes 6B and 19F. The highest sensitivity between standard S. pneumoniae capsule and isolated results was serotype 6B of 88% with a specificity of 67%. However, S.agalactiae also showed a high specificity value with S.pneumoniae 6B of 80%. So the results of the study showed that there was a cross-reaction of the anti-PCV13 polyclonal antibody against S.agalactiae serotype II."

"Sarkono, Faturrahman, Sofyan Y. 2010. Isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria from abalone (Haliotis asinina) as a potential candidate of probiotic. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 38-42. The purpose of this study was to isolate, select and characterize lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from abalone as a potential candidate probiotic in abalone cultivation system. Selective isolation of LAB performed using de Man Rogosa Sharpe medium. LAB isolate that potential as probiotics was screened. Selection was based on its ability to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria, bacterial resistance to acidic conditions and bacterial resistance to bile salts (bile). Furthercharacterization and identification conducted to determine the species. The results showed that two of the ten isolates potential to bedeveloped as probiotic bacteria that have the ability to inhibit several pathogenic bacteria such as Eschericia coli, Bacillus cereus danStaphylococus aureus, able to grow at acidic condition and bile tolerance during the incubation for 24 hour. Based on the API test kit,the both of isolate identified as members of the species Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei. "

"First-degree relatives (FDR) adalah generasi pertama (anak) dari orangtua yang memiliki riwayat diabetes melitus tipe 2. Kejadian DM tipe 2 pada FDR secara genetik berisiko 2 kali lipat dibandingkan Non FDR. Penyakit ini didasari adanya inflamasi derajat rendah kronik berhubungan dengan menurunnya aktivitas anti-inflamasi. Diperlukan upaya pencegahan diantaranya dengan memberikan probiotik yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan anti-inflamasinya. Bakteri Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis YPD 01 adalah bakteri yang dominan ditemukan pada makanan dadih yang berasal dari Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis YPD01 terhadap perkembangan monosit menjadi sel dendritik dengan mengkaji peran CD11C,CD80 dan CD40 pada kultur darah PBMC subjek FDR dan NFDR DMT2. CD40 dan CD80 berperan dalam penanda perubahan karakter sel-sel dendritik sebagai sel penyaji antigen dan penting dalam mengaktivasi sel T helper.  Sebanyak 22 sampel darah masing-masing subjek FDR dan NFDR DMT2 dikultur dengan menambahkan Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis YPD01 pada hari ke-0 dan diinkubasi selama 3 hari, 6 hari dan 9 hari. Pada kondisi awal H-0 tanpa stimulasi diketahui bahwa pada subjek FDR DMT2 didapatkan ekspresi CD40 tiga kali lipat lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ekspresi CD80 pada sel dendritik. Pemberian Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis YPD01 dapat menyebabkan perkembangan  ekspresi CD40 pada subjek FDR DMT2 menurun dibanding tanpa pemberian Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis YPD01.

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First-degree relatives (FDR) are the first generation (children) of parents who have a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Occurrence of type 2 DM in FDR genetically at risk 2 times compared to Non FDR. This disease is based on chronic low-grade inflammation associated with decreased anti-inflammatory activity. Prevention efforts are needed, including by giving probiotics which are expected to increase their anti-inflammatory abilities.bacteria Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis is the dominant bacteria found in dadih food originating from West Sumatra. This study aims to analyze the effect of administration of Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis YPD01 on the development of monocytes into dendritic cells by examining the role of CD11C, CD80 and CD40 in PBMC subjects FDR and NFDR DMT2. CD40 and CD80 play a role in markers of changes in the character of dendritic cells as antigen-presenting cells and are important in activating T helper.  A total of 22 blood samples from each of the FDR and NFDR groups DMT2 was cultured by adding Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis YPD01 on day 0 and incubated for 3 days, 6 days and 9 days. In the H-0 initial condition without stimulation it was known that in FDR DMT2 subjects the expression of CD40 was three times higher than the expression of CD80 in dendritic cells. Giving Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis YPD01 can cause the development of CD40 expression in FDR DMT2 subjects to decrease compared to without administration of actococcus lactis ssp lactis YPD01."

"ABSTRAKUntuk menunjang fitur baru dalam jaringan telekomunikasi seperti Trimitra dan Indosat Fax Plus dibutuhkan kemampuan sentral untuk menghubungkan beberapa sentral sekaligus dalam sebuah sambungan telepon pada saat yang bersamaan (multidestination).Algoritma Shortest Shortest Part Tree (SSP-T), Common Link (CL), dan Center Node (CN) merupakan tiga algoritma yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengatasi permasalahan multidestination statik. Ketiga algoritma ini mempunyai karakteristik yang berbeda-beda (dalam hal biaya dan waktu) apabila diterapkan pada suatu jaringan telekomunikasi.Skripsi ini merupakan suatu simulasi dalam menentukan keputusan routing pada permasalahan multidestination statik dengan menggunakan algoritma SSP-T, CL, dan CN. Dari hasil simulasi terlihat bahwa algoritma SSP-T selalu mempunyai waktu operasi yang tercepat, sementara algoritma CN selalu menghasilkan biaya sambungan yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan algoritma SSP-T.

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"Latar Belakang: Tumor sistem saraf pusat (SSP) merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas di seluruh dunia yang menyebabkan disabilitas dan penurunan kualitas hidup. Tumor SSP menyebabkan defisit neurologis dan berisiko terjadinya kaheksia. Kaheksia dihubungkan dengan penurunan respons pengobatan dan penurunan kesintasan. Peradangan sistemik merupakan ciri khas kaheksia. Rasio neutrofil limfosit (RNL) merupakan penanda inflamasi sistemik yang mudah dan rutin diperiksa dengan harga yang tidak mahal. Belum diketahui hubungan antara RNL dengan kejadian kaheksia pada tumor SSP.Metode: Studi potong lintang ini dilakukan pada subjek berusia 18–65 tahun di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, yang dirawat dengan diagnosis tumor SSP pada bulan November hingga Desember 2023. Nilai RNL diambil dari pemeriksaan darah perifer lengkap dan dilakukan penegakan diagnosis kaheksia berdasarkan kriteria Evans. Dilakukan analisis hubungan RNL dengan kejadian kaheksia.Hasil: Terdapat 50 subjek dengan diagnosis tumor SSP. Median RNL adalah 4,13 (1,26; 23,22). Nilai RNL secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada kelompok subjek yang mengalami kaheksia (median RNL 7,19 (1,26; 23,22)) dibandingkan tanpa kaheksia (median RNL 3,10 (1,40; 8,48)) (p<0,001).Simpulan: RNL berhubungan dengan kejadian kaheksia pada tumor SSP. Subjek yang mengalami kaheksia memiliki RNL yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang tidak kaheksia.

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Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are one of the leading causes of morbidity worldwide, causing disability and decreased quality of life. Central nervous system tumors cause neurological deficits and are at risk of developing cachexia. Cachexia is associated with decreased treatment response and reduced survival. Systemic inflammation is the hallmark of cachexia. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a systemic inflammation that included in routine laboratory examination and inexpensive. The association between NLR and the incidence of cachexia in CNS tumors remain unknown.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on subjects aged 18–65 years old at RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, who were admitted with CNS tumor diagnosis from November to December 2023. The NLR value was taken from the complete peripheral blood examination and the diagnosis of cachexia was based on Evans criteria. The relationship between NLR and the incidence of cachexia was analyzed.

Results: There were 50 subjects with CNS tumor diagnosis. The median NLR was 4,13 (1,26; 23,22). The mean NLR was significantly higher in the group of subjects with cachexia (median NLR 7,19 (1,26; 23,22)) than without cachexia (median NLR 3,10 (1,40; 8,48)) (p<0,001).

Conclusion: NLR is associated with the incidence of cachexia in CNS tumors. Subjects with cachexia had higher NLR compared to those withoit cachexia."