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ABSTRAK

Motivasi merupakan faktor utama yang menentukan efek hijab terhadap pemakainya, dan efek tersebut dapat memengaruhi subjective well-being. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara motivasi untuk memakai hijab dengan subjective well-being yang dimiliki muslimah yang bersangkutan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Subjective Happiness Scale yang dikembangkan oleh Lyubomirsky dan Lepper (1999) untuk mengukur subjective well-being serta Relative Autonomy Index yang digunakan oleh Sheldon, Ryan, Deci, dan Kasser (2004) untuk mengukur motivasi berhijab. Pengambilan data dilakukan Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi berhijab dengan subjective well-being partisipan.

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ABSTRACT

Motivation is a major factor that determines the effect of hijab to its wearer, and these effects can influence subjective well-being. This study aims to find the relationship between motivation to wear hijab and subjective well-being of muslim women. This research is a quantitative research with correlational design. This study used Subjective Happiness Scale developed by Lyubomirsky and Lepper (1999) to measure subjective well-being and the Relative Autonomy Index by Sheldon, Ryan, Deci, and Kasser (2004) to measure motivation to wear hijab. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between motivation to wear hijab and subjective well-being of participants.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat peran grit sebagai prediktor opini subjektif kesejahteraan di sekolah untuk siswa sekolah menengah di Jakarta dan Depok. Kesejahteraan subjektif sekolah adalah keadaan siswa yang menilai pengalaman secara subjektif dan emosional kehidupan sekolah mereka (Tian, ​​2008). Sedangkan grit adalah ketekunan dan semangat untuk tujuan jangka panjang (Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews, & Kelly, 2007). Sebanyak 459 siswa SMA mengikuti studi ini dengan mengisi Alat ukur kuisioner Penjelasan Singkat Kesejahteraan Subyektif Remaja dalam Skala Sekolah (BASWBSS)(Tian, ​​2008) dan Short Grit Scale (Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews, & Kelly, 2007). Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa grit memiliki peran yang positif dan signifikan sebagai prediktor kesejahteraan subjektif di sekolah, dan sebaliknya. Berdasarkan hasil Dikatakan bahwa, dapat dikatakan siswa dengan grit yang lebih tinggi akan memiliki juga kesejahteraan subjektif yang lebih tinggi di sekolah, dan sebaliknya. ...... This research was conducted to see the role of grit as a predictor of welfare opinion in schools for high school students in Jakarta and Depok. Subjective welfare of the school is the condition of students who assess experiences subjectively and emotionally their school life (Tian, ​​2008). Whereas grit is persistence and passion for long-term goals (Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews, & Kelly, 2007). A total of 459 high school students participated in this study by filling out a questionnaire measuring tool Brief Explanation of Youth Subjective Welfare on a School Scale (BASWBSS) (Tian, ​​2008) and Short Grit Scale (Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews, & Kelly, 2007). The results of this study indicate that grit has a positive and significant role as a predictor of subjective welfare in schools, and vice versa. Based on the results, it is said that, it can be said that students with higher grit will also have higher subjective welfare in school, and vice versa.

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[ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan hubungan antara partisipasi politik dengan subjective well being pada mahasiswa aktivis dan mahasiswa non aktivis di Universitas Indonesia. Alat ukur yang digunakan untuk mengukur partisipasi politik adalah CPS (Citizen Participation Study), sedangkan alat ukur subjective well being adalah SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scale) dan PANAS (Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale).Kelompok mahasiswa aktivis dan non- aktivis dibedakan berdasarkan keikutsertaannya sebagai pengurus bidang sosial politik atau ketua BEM. Responden penelitian berjumlah 128 orang dengan rincian 75 mahasiswa non-aktivis dan 53 mahasiswa aktivis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa aktivis memiliki tingkat partisipasi politik yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan mahasiswa non- aktivis.Uji partial correlation tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara partisipasi politik dengan subjective well being. Perbedaan kelompok juga tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap hubungan antara partisipasi politik dan subjective well being. ABSTRACT
The objective of this research is to compare the correlation between political participation and subjective well being among activist student and non activist student in Universitas Indonesia. Political participation are measured with adapted CPS (Citizen Participation Study) survey and subjective well being are measured with SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scale) and PANAS (Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale). The group of activist student are identified by their participation as board member of social politics departments or as president of BEM (student executive board). 128 students are involved in this research, 75 students are nonactivist and 53 students are activist. This study shows that activist student have higher political participation compared to non activist student.Partial correlation examination does not show correlation between political participation and subjective well being. Group difference neither give effect to correlation beetween political participation and subjective well being. , The objective of this research is to compare the correlation between political participation and subjective well being among activist student and non activist student in Universitas Indonesia. Political participation are measured with adapted CPS (Citizen Participation Study) survey and subjective well being are measured with SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scale) and PANAS (Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale). The group of activist student are identified by their participation as board member of social politics departments or as president of BEM (student executive board). 128 students are involved in this research, 75 students are nonactivist and 53 students are activist. This study shows that activist student have higher political participation compared to non activist student.Partial correlation examination does not show correlation between political participation and subjective well being. Group difference neither give effect to correlation beetween political participation and subjective well being. ]

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Selama menghadapi proses adaptasi, mahasiswa tahun pertama rentan mengalami stres akademik yang tinggi. Berbagai usaha dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan pengaruh stres akademik terhadap subjective well being (SWB) salah satunya dengan memiliki tingkat optimisme yang tinggi. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilihat bagaimana pengaruh optimisme dalam memoderasi pengaruh stres akademik terhadap SWB. Terdapat 4 alat ukur yang digunakan, meliputi The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson et al. 1988), The Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener et al. 1985), Student-life Stress Inventory (Gadzella, 1994), dan Life Orientation Test-Revised (Scheier & Carver, 1994). Dari 215 partisipan ditemukan bahwa stres akademik secara signifikan menurunkan SWB (t(213)=-7,119, p<0,05), dimana 18,8% varians dari skor SWB dapat dijelaskan oleh stres akademik. Optimisme secara signifikan meningkatkan subjective well-being (t(213)=5,271, p<0,05), dimana 11,1% varians dari skor SWB dapat dijelaskan oleh optimisme. Walaupun demikian, peningkatan optimisme tidak memperlemah pengaruh stres akademik terhadap subjective well-being pada mahasiswa tingkat pertama (t(211)=0,491, p>0,05), dimana 24,5% dari skor SWB dapat dijelaskan oleh stres akademik dan optimisme. Penelitian ini dapat bermanfaat untuk memberikan bahan dalam penyusunan intervensi pada mahasiswa yang memiliki masalah dalam prestasi akademis yang disebabkan oleh stres akademis. ......The first-year undergraduate students are prone to academic stress. Various ways can be done to reduce the influence of academic stress on subjective well-being, one of which by having a high level of optimism. This study examined the effect of academic stres on subjective well-being with optimism as the moderator among first year undergraduates. This study used 4 measures, which were the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson et al. 1988), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener et al. 1985), the Student-Life Stress Inventory (Gadzella, 1994), and the Life Orientation Test-Revised (Scheier & Carver, 1994). This study found that academic stress descreased subjective well-being significantly (t(213)=-7,119, p<0,05), where 18,8% of SWB variance was explained by academic stress. On the other hand, optimism increased subjective well-being significantly (t(213)=5,271, p<0,05), where 11,1% of SWB variance was explained by optimism. Nevertheless, the increase in optimism did not lessen the influence of academic stress on subjective well-being among first-year undergraduate students (t(211)=0,491, p>0,05), where 24,5% of SWB variance was explained by academic stress and optimism. This research is useful in providing material for the preparation of interventions on students who have problems in academic performance due to academic stress.

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Tujuan penelitian ini ingin melihat hubungan antara school belonging dan subjective well-being in school pada remaja awal di pesantren. Banyaknya peraturan dan tuntutan di pesantren bukanlah hal mudah untuk dijalani oleh para remaja awal. Mereka sangat rentan melakukan berbagai pelanggaran di sekolah yang merupakan indikator rendahnya subjective well-being in school. Padahal subjective well-being in school yang tinggi akan meningkatkan keberhasilan akademik dan membuat mereka memiliki kesehatan mental serta fisik yang baik. Salah satu faktor penting yang memengaruhi subjective well-being in school adalah school belonging. Di pesantren, para siswa diharuskan tinggal bersama dan lebih banyak berinteraksi dengan teman-teman dan para guru dibandingkan sekolah lainnya, sehingga seharusnya school belonging yang mereka miliki tinggi. School belonging juga merupakan kebutuhan penting bagi para remaja awal. Dengan demikian, remaja awal di pesantren seharusnya memiliki school belonging yang tinggi yang akan berhubungan dengan subjective well-being in school mereka. Responden penelitian ini terdiri dari 167 siswa remaja awal dari 4 pesantren di wilayah Depok dan Bogor. School belonging diukur menggunakan Psychological Sense of School Membership Among Adolescents dan subjective well-being in school diukur menggunakan Brief Adolescents rsquo; Subjective Well-Being in School Scale. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif yang signifikan antara school belonging dan subjective well-being in school pada remaja awal di pesantren.

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The purpose of this study is to know the relationship between school belonging and subjective well being in school among early adolescents in pesantren. The number of rules and demands in pesantren is not easy for early adolescents. They are very vulnerable to violations in school that are indicators of low level subjective well being in school. In fact, high level of subjective well being in school can improve their academic success and have good mental and physical health. One important factor that affecting subjective well being in school is school belonging. In pesantren, students are required to live together and interact more with friends and teachers than any other school. That situation should make their school belonging higher. School belonging is an important needs for early adolescents. Thus, early adolescents in pesantren should have high level school belonging that will relate to their subjective well being in school. The respondents consisted of 167 early adolescents from 4 pesantren in Depok and Bogor. School belonging was measured using Psychological Sense of School Membership Among Adolescents and subjective well being in school were measured using the Brief Adolescents 39 Subjective Well Being in School Scale. The results showed a significant positive correlation between school belonging and subjective well being in school among early adolescents in pesantren.

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Banyaknya faktor risiko yang mungkin dialami oleh remaja yang tinggal di panti asuhan, membuat well-being pada mereka penting untuk diperhatikan. Salah satu faktor risiko tersebut adalah mereka tidak tinggal bersama orang tua. Oleh karena itu, peer attachment diasumsikan berperan penting dalam kehidupan mereka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara peer attachment dan subjective well-being pada remaja panti asuhan di Jakarta. Penelitian ini bersifat korelasional dengan melibatkan responden remaja berusia 12 hingga 18 tahun yang tinggal menetap di panti asuhan, di 5 wilayah di Jakarta N=132, L= 66. Terdapat tiga instrumen penelitian yang digunakan, yaitu Satisfaction with Life Scale SWLS untuk mengukur kepuasan hidup, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule PANAS untuk mengukur afek positif dan negatif, serta Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment Revised Version IPPA untuk mengukur peer attachment. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif dan signifikan antara peer attachment dan kepuasan hidup ,250, p0,01 serta afek negatif -,025, p>0,01. ......The well being of orphanage adolescents is important to be considered as there are numbers of risk factors that they may experience throughout their life. One of those risk factors is that they do not live with their parents. Therefore, peer attachment is assumed to take an important role in their life. The aim of this study is to find out whether there is a relationship between peer attachment and subjective well being of orphanaged adolescents in Jakarta. This is a correlational study with adolescents from age 12 to 18 years living in orphanage in 5 area in Jakarta as a respondents N 132. Instruments used in this study are, Satisfaction with Life Scale SWLS to measure life satisfaction, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule PANAS to measure positive and negative affect, and Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment Revised Version IPPA to measure peer attachment. The results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between peer attachment and life satisfaction ,250, p0,01 and negative affect ,025, p 0,01.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kontribusi self-compassion terhadap subjective well-being pada remaja panti asuhan di Jakarta. Salah satu faktor yang dapat memengaruhi subjective well-being adalah tercapainya tujuan atau goal dan harapan Diener Scollon, 2003. Permasalahan di kehidupan panti asuhan menunjukkan kemungkinan tidak tercapainya tujuan dan harapan remaja saat mereka masuk ke panti asuhan. Saat tujuan dan harapan tersebut tidak tercapai, maka akan muncul emosi negatif yang dapat menurunkan subjective well-being Zessin, Dickhauser, Garbade, 2015. Self-compassion dapat mengurangi pengaruh emosi negatif yang ditimbulkan oleh kegagalan tersebut sehingga tingkat subjective well-being tetap baik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, dengan jumlah partisipan 100 orang 51 perempuan berusia 14-18 tahun yang tinggal di panti asuhan di Jakarta. Alat ukur yang digunakan yaitu Self-Compassion Scale Neff, 2003 untuk mengukur self-compassion, The Satisfaction with Life Scale Diener, Emmons, Larsen, Griffin, 1985, dan Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Watson, Clark, Tellegan, 1988 untuk mengukur subjective well-being. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa self-compassion tidak berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap kepuasan hidup R2 = 0.006, p =0.445, berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap afek positif R2= 0.091, p = 0.002 dan afek negatif R2= 0.155, p = 0.000 pada remaja panti asuhan di Jakarta.

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This research was conducted to investigate the self compassions contribution to subjective well being among orphanage adolescents at Jakarta. The factor that could influence subjective well being are goals and expectations Diener Scollon, 2003 . The troubles that occur in daily life of orphanages show the possibility of goals and expectations which do not achieved. When one experienced failure on goal achievement, negative emotion would appear and lowered the subjective well being Zessin, Dickhauser Garbade, 2015. Self compassion could alleviate the negative emotional influence of failure, so the subjective well being stayed positive. There were 100 participants 51 female from orphanages at Jakarta aged 14 to 18 for this study. The data were collected using Self Compassion Scale Neff, 2003 to measure self compassion, The Satisfaction With Life Scale Diener, Emmons, Larsen, Griffin, 1985 and Positive Negative Affect Schedule Watson, Clark, Tellegan, 1988 to measure subjective well being. Result from this study indicated that self compassion does not significantly contribute to life satisfaction R2 0.006, p 0.445, significantly contributes to positive affect R2 0.091, p 0.002 and also to negative affect R2 0.155, p 0.000 of subjective well being among orphanage adolescents in Jakarta.

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Perpisahan dalam jangka waktu lama yang dialami oleh remaja dan orang tua yang merupakan pekerja migran dapat membuat kualitas hubungan yang terjalin mengalami perubahan dan membentuk hubungan yang buruk diantara mereka. Ketika remaja memiliki hubungan yang buruk dengan orang tua, mereka mulai menjalin kedekatan dengan teman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan antara kelekatan pada orang tua dan teman sebaya dengan subjective well-being (SWB) remaja yang ditinggalkan orang tua bekerja sebagai pekerja migran. Partisipan penelitian terdiri dari 42 remaja berusia 12 - 15 tahun. Alat yang digunakan untuk mengukur kelekatan adalah inventory of parent and peer attachment (IPPA) oleh Armsden dan Greenberg (1987). Alat ukur yang digunakan untuk mengukur SWB adalah satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) oleh Diener, Emmons, Larsen, dan Griffin (1985), positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) oleh Watson, Clark dan Tellegan (1988) dan subjective happiness scale (SHS) oleh Lyubomirsky dan Lepper (1999). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kelekatan pada ayah dengan kepuasan hidup dan kebahagiaan dan hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara kelekatan pada ayah dengan afek negatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kelekatan pada ibu dengan komponen afek positif dan hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kelekatan pada teman sebaya dengan kebahagiaan. ......Long-term separation experienced by adolescents and parents who are migrant workers can make quality of the relationships are change and form a bad relationship between them. When adolescent have a bad relationship with parents, they begin to develop closeness with friends. The aim of this study is to find out the relationship between attachment to parent and peer with subjective well-being (SWB) among adolescents who are left behind by their parent to working as migrant worker. The research sample are 42 adolescents between 12 - 15 years old who are left behind by their parent to working as migrant worker. Attachment to parent and peer was measured with Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) by Armsden and Greenberg (1987) and SWB was measured with Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) by Diener, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin (1985), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) by Watson, Clark and Tellegan (1988), and Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) by Lyubomirsky and Lepper (1999). Result of this study indicated that attachment to father has positively significant correlation with life satisfaction and happiness while attachment to father has negatively significant correlation with negative affect. Attachment to mother has positively significant correlation with positive affect and attachment to peer has positively significant to happiness.

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Beberapa penelitian menemukan berbagai beban dan kekhawatiran mengenai masa depan yang dimiliki oleh Generasi sandwich. Kekhawatiran yang dimiliki meliputi kondisi finansial di masa depan dan kondisi kesehatan orang tua yang sudah lansia. Kekhawatiran tersebut memiliki konsekuensi terhadap kesehatan fisik, mental dan kesejahteraan subjektif mereka. Memiliki ekspektasi positif mengenai masa depan, atau biasa disebut sebagai optimisme, diduga dapat mengurangi efek buruk dari berbagai kekhawatiran tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara optimisme dan kesejahteraan subjektif. Jumlah partisipan penelitian adalah 128 orang dalam rentang umur 35-60 tahun yang menanggung kebutuhan anak dan keluarganya dalam waktu yang bersamaan. Hasil analisis Pearson correlation menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif dan signifikan antara optimisme dan kesejahteraan subjektif. Hal ini dapat diartikan bahwa untuk generasi sandwich, semakin tinggi optimisme akan semakin tinggi kesejahteraan subjektifnya. ......Several studies have found various burdens and worries sandwich generation has regarding the future. Future financial state and their parents’ deteriorating health are one of their biggest concerns. These worries have negative consequences on their physical health, mental health, and their subjective well-being. Having a positive expectation regarding the future, also known as optimism, is thought to be able to negate the negative effects their worries have. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between optimism and subjective well-being. There were 128 participants ranging from 35-60 years of age who actively take care of their children and parents at the same time. Pearson correlation analysis of the data has shown that there is a significant positive relationship between optimism and subjective well-being. This can be interpreted that for sandwich generation, the higher the optimism the higher their subjective well-being.

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Subjective well-being merupakan salah satu topik psikologi positif yang penting untuk dikaji dalam tahapan usia emerging adult. Berbagai tantangan dan permasalahan yang dilalui dapat menjadi faktor risiko bagi well-being mereka. Di antara berbagai aspek yang dapat berhubungan dengan subjective well-being, solitude diasumsikan berperan sebagai faktor protektif bagi well-being. Solitude merupakan kondisi objektif dari kesendirian yang umumnya digunakan secara konstruktif. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini hendak melihat hubungan solitude dan subjective well-being pada emerging adulthood. Terdapat 317 partisipan berusia 18-25 tahun (M = 21.51, SD = 1.78) yang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menggunakan alat ukur Perth A-Loneness Scale (PALs) (Houghton dkk., 2014) dan The PERMA-Profiler adaptasi Indonesia (Elfida dkk., 2021) menunjukkan bahwa solitude berhubungan positif signifikan dengan subjective well-being. Temuan ini dapat diartikan bahwa semakin tinggi kecenderungan dewasa muda menerapkan solitude maka semakin tinggi tingkat subjective well-being. ......One of the important areas of positive psychology to research in emerging adult period is subjective well-being. The various challenges and problems they go through can be a risk factor for their well-being. Among the various aspects that can be related to subjective well-being, solitude is assumed to act as a protective factor for well-being. Solitude is an objective condition of solitude that is generally used constructively. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship between solitude and subjective well-being in emerging adulthood. There were 317 participants between the ages of 18-25 (M = 21.51, SD = 1.78) who participated in this study. The results of the study using the Perth A-Loneness Scale (Houghton et al., 2014) and The PERMA-Profiler (Elfida et al., 2021) measurement tools showed that solitude was significantly positively related to subjective well-being. This finding can be interpreted that the higher the tendency of young adults to practice solitude, the higher the level of subjective well-being.