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"The article depicts the representation of contemporary women in Indonesia using sinetron or soap opera. Representation of women has been in intrigue issue since in the New Order, women have been one of several important issues. Since the tumbling down of the New Order, market has been an important mechanism of dissemination of culture, and the representation of Indonesian women is one of the icon of the media. The most obvious visualization if women not only as victim of violence but also the doer of violence itself. Women is powerful, such representation is shown by widower, grown women toward powerless little girl. As such the sinetron is not a typical soap opera visualization that tends to visualizing romantic and sensual women. In general such representation is disadvantaging the position of women, as market becomes the powerful mechanism to disseminate such image. Women be cautious"

"Selama ini telah banyak dilakukan penelitian tentang hubungan anggaran partisipasi dengan kinerja manajerial, tetapi lebih banyak dilakukan pada industri pemanufakturan dan agak mengesampingkan industri jasa termasuk perhotelan....."

"ABSTRAKBased on the generalizations in international researchers views on the relationship between the center and the periphery, the author maps out a theory on the relationship between Vietnam as the periphery and China as the center of East Asia during feudalism. On the basis of the theory of central peripheral relationships and the realities of a diplomatic relationship between Vietnam and China during feudalism, the article proves not only that China considered itself to be the center of East Asia with the role of educating surrounding peripheries, but also that surrounding countries were influenced by Chinese Confucian ideologies. For example, Vietnam also followed the Chinese centric order. Accordingly, acts such as requesting investiture and tribute from Vietnam to the center China were sustained for a long period, although there was no balance in interest between the two countries. In addition to the subordinate tendency of the periphery in relation to the center, there is a centrifugal tendency because of the asymmetry in interest. In the case of the Vietnam China relationship at that time, Vietnams subordinate tendency was relative and superficial, while the centrifugal tendency was mainstream. The author shows that the strong centrifugal tendency led to the transformation of Vietnams position from a Chinese vassal or peripheral state into a center in relationships with smaller countries in Southeast Asia."

"Tesis ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepuasan kerja dan efektivitas komunikasi interpersonal atasan-bawahan melalui intervensi pelatihan komunikasi interpersonal untuk supervisor di PT X. Alat ukur Kepuasan Kerja (Spector, 1997) dengan α = .897 dan Efektivitas Komunikasi Interpersonal (DeVito, 1996) dengan α = .891. Hasil uji korelasi Pearson terhadap 39 karyawan non-supervisory level, adalah terdapat hubungan signifikan antara kepuasan kerja dan efektivitas komunikasi interpersonal atasan-bawahan ( r = .451 dan signifikansi .004, p< .05). Peneliti memberikan intervensi pelatihan komunikasi interpersonal bagi supervisor untuk meningkatkan efektivitas komunikasi interpersonal antara atasan dan bawahan. Sosialisasi kepada manajemen perusahaan dilakukan untuk menggantikan program pelatihan yang direncanakan. Tanggapan menejemen terhadap program pelatihan ini ialah cukup bagus karena memaparkan secara lengkap agenda pelatihannya. Dengan demikian, pelatihan komunikasi interpersonal sesuai untuk meningkatkan efektivitas komunikasi interpersonal pada supervisor di PT.X. Walaupun demikian, manajemen perlu melakukan pelatihan yang sudah diprogramkan secara konsisten.

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The research was performed to observe relationship of job satisfaction and superior-subordinate interpersonal communication effectivity through interpersonal communication training at PT.X. The reliability of Job Satisfaction Survey (Spector, 1997) is .897 and the reliability of interpersonal communication effectivity (DeVito, 1996) is .891. The result of Pearson Correlation from 39 non-supervisory employees, there is a significant relationship between job satisfaction and superior-subordinate interpersonal communication effectivity (r = .451 and significance score of .004, p< .05). Researcher planned to intervene by interpersonal communication training for supervisor to improve communication interpersonal effectivity between superior and subordinate. Socialization to the management about the intervention was held as substitution of the training itself. Management said that the intervention program is good enough to apply because the researcher described from training stage to evaluation stage. The conclusion is interpersonal communication training for supervisor is suitable to improve superior-subordinate interpersonal communication effectivity. However, management still needs to hold the programmed training constantly."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis bentuk direktif bahasa Jepang langsung dan tidak langsung yang terjadi di perusahaan Jepang, yang diamati dari drama Hanzawa Naoki secara kualitatif yang didasari oleh tindak tutur tidak langsung Searle, batasan dari skala ketidaklangsungan Takahashi, dan dihubungkan dengan konsep Ie dan unsur-unsur sosial yang terkandung di dalamnya. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pada perusahaan Jepang, direktif langsung lebih banyak digunakan daripada direktif tidak langsung. Akan tetapi karena dilatari oleh sistem sosial Ie, seorang subordinat tidak seperti superior, tidak memiliki bermacam pilihan pola direktif langsung untuk digunakan terhadap superior.

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The focus of this study is Japanese directive forms, both direct and indirect that take place in workplaces in Japan, observed qualitatively from Japanese drama Hanzawa Naoki using Searle’s indirect speech act as the main reference, Takahashi's indirectness scale, and the concept of Ieincludes social norms consist in the concept of Ie. The result shows that in workplace in Japan direct directive is used more frequent than indirect directive. However, because of the social system of Ie, a subordinate cannot be like an superior, he/she doesn't have any direct directive form option except Ie kudasai to be expressed to his/her superior."