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Abstrak :
Tesis ini menganalisis bagaimana konstruksi gender yang binari dalam budaya masyarakat yang heteronormativisme memarginalkan kelompok seksual minoritas, diantaranya adalah transgender. Di Indonesia, transgender dikenal dengan istilah waria, yaitu wanita-pria. Keberadaan mereka yang belum diakui oleh pemerintah secara formal dan stigma buruk yang dilekatkan kepada mereka secara sosial membuat waria kerap mendapat perlakuan tidak adil seperti diskriminasi, marginalisasi, sampai kekerasan. Waria yang dialienasikan oleh masyarakat karena dianggap menyimpang, menciptakan komunitas sendiri yang bisa memberikan rasa aman dan eksistensi. Meskipun demikian, komunitas yang terdiri dari keberagaman individu terpolitisasi dalam relasi kuasa yang patron-klien dan membuat identitas waria sebagai individu terstereotipe dalam identitas sosial versi komunitas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan perspektif gender yang menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data, wawancara dan observasi. Terdapat total enam responden yang diwawancara, dengan fokus pada empat responden untuk melihat bagaimana pergulatan identitas waria dalam diri dan komunitas. Identitas sosial dalam komunitas membatasi pencarian identitas diri yang mandiri. Terlebih, pola relasi kuasa yang hierarkis dalam hubungan antara senior dan junior yang patron-klien membuat waria mengedepankan eksistensi identitas kelompok dibandingkan esensi identitas dirinya. Visi akan identitas yang beragam menjadikan komunitas waria terkotak-kotak dan berjarak, hal ini dapat menjadi pemicu konflik sosial yang mengancam kesatuan dan solidaritas kelompok waria.

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This thesis analyze how the binary gender contruction within heteronormative society marginalizing sexual minority groups, among them the transgender. In Indonesia, transgender is known as waria, wanita-pria (shemale). Their exsistence are not formally recognize by the government and an attached stigma socially made the waria often receive gender injustice such as discrimination, marginalization, and violence. Waria is alienated by the society because they are considered a deviation, thus they create their own community that can provide safety and sense of belonging. However, a community that comprises of diversed individuals that is politically influenced in power-related, patron-client, and stereotyping into social identity ? community version. This is a qualitative research with gender perspective that uses data gathering, observation and deep interview. There a total of six respondents that were interviewed, focusing on four respondents how they coped with identity struggle within themselves and community. Social identity within the community constraints the search of their own identity. Moreover, the hierarchy of power related pattern between the senior and junior in patron-client mode, cause waria to prioritize more their group identity existence than their own identity. The vision of diverst identity caused waria?s community to be segregated and distanced, which can trigger social conflict that threatened their unity and solidarity as a group.

Abstrak :
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor (faktor predisposisi yaitu umur, pengetahuan tentang HIV AIDS, sikap terhadap penggunaan kondom, faktor pendukung yaitu keterpaparan program HIV AIDS dan ketersediaan kondom, faktor penguat yaitu adanya kelompok dukungan sebaya yang berhubungan dengan praktek penggunaan kondom pada kelompok waria di Kota Tangerang tahun 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan sampel berjumlah 151 waria yang diambil dari seluruh total sampel dan kuesioner sebagai alat ukur penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa 55,6% responden selalu menggunakan kondom, 56,3% berumur sama dengan 30 tahun, 57,6% berpengetahuan baik, 51,7% bersikap negatif terhadap penggunaan kondom, 53,6% terpapar program HIV AIDS, 62,3% tersedia kondom, 76,2% ada Kelompok dukungan sebaya. Menurut uji chi square terdapat 4 variabel yang memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap praktek penggunaan kondom pada waria yaitu pengetahuan mengenai HIV AIDS, keterpaparan program HIV AIDS, ketersediaan kondom, dan dukungan kelompok sebaya. Faktor yang paling dominan adalah keterpaparan program HIV AIDS terhadap praktek penggunaan kondom pada waria. ......The purpose of this study was to determine the factors (predisposing factors such as age, knowledge about HIV AIDS, attitudes towards condom use, enabling factors are exposure to HIV AIDS program and the availability of condoms, reinforcing factor is the existence of peer support groups associated with the practice of the use of condoms on transsexuals in Tangerang city in 2015. This study used cross sectional design with a sample totaling 151 transvestites taken of the total sample and questionnaire as a measuring tool of the study. The results of this study showed that 55.6% of respondents always use a condom, 56.3 % of the same age to 30 years, 57.6% good knowledge, 51.7% negative attitudes toward condom use, 53.6% are exposed to HIV AIDS program, 62.3% provided condoms, 76.2% no peer support groups. According to chi square test there are four variables that have a significant relation to the practice of condom use on transsexuals that knowledge about HIV AIDS, exposure to HIV AIDS program, the availability of condoms, and peer support. The most dominant factor is the exposure of HIV-AIDS program to the practice of the use of condoms on a transsexual.

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Jakarta is the Capital States which have much kind of societies. By seeing from the smallest unit of its society, therefore Jakarta is consisting of immeasurably community. One of them is waria community, which represents small scale of social whereby members could fulfill all their life or some through interdependence relation among them. All members or at least member of them, have tradition or attentions becoming their equality fastener element. They have norm, certainty, and regulation obeyed as a tying and also made guidance to ful fill requirement of its everyday.

Waria community has certain marked which differentiating with other communities in Jakarta. Waria represents men which have woman identities, where those identities emerge in interaction as confessed its existence by other people. They have different way in expressing each other identities. The difference of this expression made classifications form related to equality of marking among them. With in performance those classifications would emerge pursuant to each maturity of waria in running the role and express requirement of its soul.

As would we saw, the main problem of waria performance was causing of difficulty in determination of gender identity. In this matter they would have 2 conflicts i.e. psychological conflict and social conflict. Psychological conflict was related to adversative desire with the situation of its physical; while social conflict was related to eliminate them from life of ssociation and family and social opportunity to fulfill requirement of its life (in the field of employment).

Refer to Goffman (1986:14-5), among 2 existing stigma type i.e. one who is earn to be discreditable and the other one is who discredited. Waria is the one who "discredited stigma". The elimination of waria in social environment and economucs is because of their existence would debased and had made them worked as commercial sex worker for continuing their life. Therefore performance of waria represented product culture of waria as environment response which get stigma to have living and spiritual easiness, which did not outfont the activity context of waria environment and community though "market" in prostitution world.

Their performance would see as waria form by classifications based on woman attribute to manipulation man 's body through impression management to identity in every interaction. The attribute is to identify him/her self for showing their culture it self. According to context and interaction target, their appearance would selectively conduct by them self due to interaction with another community.

Comparison within dwelling area, performance in prostitution area would have more important for waria sex worker: Prostitution area is as strength corefor their factual life in represent interaction place to get money for utilize main requirement of 1%. Interaction at prostitution area became important between waria and service user. They would identity each other related to community and their culture. ln this congeniality, waria performance at prostitution area present through separate regulation base on cordidence and knowledge will use as a guidance for life within the classification system i.e. their own self relevant to environmental with classification of him/her self as a waria, waria service user, visitors and also prestige of waria from prostitution area.

Hereby, this original research would not been influence by other researcher who had picked the same subject. Dramaturgi concepts from Erving Goffman (1959, 1986) was influenced me in believing that dramaturgi theory as equality among the theater shows with the various role of type where our conduct and everyday interaction. Regarding this research, dramaturgi analysis would pay attention to problem of waria life in Jakarta everyday as it in an interaction. This theory would be acquainted with 2 important junctions in interaction (Goffman 1959: l7-30; Goffman 1959 in Poloma 2002 and Ritzer & Goodman 2004), that is front region and back stage.

Parsundi Suparlan (2004a) is also influence me in seeing waria stigma as coherence or equality stigma which sticky attached at some individuals. This would form the identity group with their own identity and aim to strengthen or seeking exploration their identity through to performance. Transaction, arrangement of categories, space domination cooperation, emulation, and conflict among themselves are need to have to accommodate the target market.

Approaching dissertation research of this is qualitative (Miles & Huberman I984; Suparlan 1994) where as collecting data, observation and circumstantial interviewed executing by participate. ln support of verify and current ethnography detail picture we were collecting waria datas in Jakarta and taking pictures by handy cam or camera for special activity at prostitution area, dwelling area, certain place where doing other activities such as field events, mall, Public Square, dangdut shows etc.

Abstrak :
Skripsi ini membahas identitas waria santri di Pondok Pesantren Waria Al-Fatah, mulai dari terbentuknya identitas santri hingga pemahaman mereka mengenai identitas gender dan identitas santri yang melekat dalam diri mereka. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan etnografi dengan metode life history berupa wawancara mendalam dan observasi partisipasi terhadap empat waria santri yang terbagi menjadi dua kategori, yakni waria santri bukan pekerja seks dan waria santri pekerja seks. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa identitas waria santri terbentuk dari tahap identifikasi diri yang diawali dengan minat dan tujuan mereka menjadi santri hingga memunculkan pemahaman diri sebagai bagian dari pondok pesantren waria. Identitas merupakan sesuatu yang terus dikonstruksi dan direkonstruksi supaya dapat diakui sehingga waria santri cenderung mengelola public image-nya sebaik mungkin dihadapan orang lain.

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This thesis discussed about the identity of santri in Pondok Pesantren Waria Al-Fatah, starting from the development of their santri identity to their own understanding of gender identity and the santri identity itself. I use ethnographical approach paired with life history methods where I did in depth interview and participant observation with four of the transgender santri which are devided into two categories, transgender santri non sex worker and transgender santri sex worker. The result shows that the identity of transgender santri are formed by the process of self identification based on their interest and goals for being a santri which the proceeded by the self realization as a part of pondok pesantren waria. Their identity is something they constantly construct and re construct to get the acceptance as a transgender santri, which means that they have to manage their public image when interacting with others.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Tesis ini membahas tentang integrasi sosial waria di masyarakat. Penelitian ini mengambil lokasi di wilayah Jakarta Timur. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dengan fokus penelitian proses integrasi sosial waria di masyarakat serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses integrasi sosial waria di masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses integrasi sosial yang dilakukan waria di masyarakat berjalan tidak cukup baik. Adapun faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses integrasi sosial waria di masyarakat antara lain jarak sosial, baik objektif maupun subjektif; adanya prasangka dan diskriminasi; adanya sistem sanksi di masyarakat; heterogenitas kelompok; mobilitas geografis; dan lamanya waria bertempat tinggal dalam suatu wilayah.

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ABSTRACT This thesis to study about the social integration of transgender in society This research was located in East Jakarta area. The method used for this research is qualitative method, which focusing on transgender and its influenced factors in the social integration process into society. The result shows its social integration process for transgender has not done well, through the following influenced factors social distance either it is objectively or subjectively; prejudice and discriminative; commmunity sanctions; group?s heterogeneity; geographical mobility; and transgender?s duration to stay in an area.