Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
Disertasi ini merupakan hasil penelitian eksploratif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Indikator yang dapat menilai kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti interseptif yaitu: frenulum, karies molar kedua sulung, kehilangan gigi anterior, peg shape, kehilangan dini molar pertama dan kedua sulung rahang bawah, pergerakan ke mesial molar pertama bawah, persistensi gigi anterior sulung, kehilangan dini kaninus sulung, gigitan silang anterior, gigi berjejal insisivus permanen, hubungan molar, diastema, jarak gigit, gigitan dalam, gigi supernumerary, gigitan terbuka anterior dan gigitan silang posterior. Pendidikan orang tua signifikan berpengaruh terhadap kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti interseptif. Pendapatan, pengetahuan, sikap orang tua dan umur, jenis kelamin serta tindakan anak signifikan tidak mempengaruhi kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti interseptif. Indeks Kebutuhan Perawatan Ortodonti Interseptif memiliki kesesuaian dengan Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) sebagai indeks pembanding. ...... This dissertation is the result of qualitative and quantitative study. The indicators of this index are frenulum, caries of second primary molars, missing of anterior teeth, peg shaped, premature loss of mandibular first and second primary molars, mesial drifting of mandibular first molars, prolonged retention of anterior teeth, premature loss of deciduous canines, anterior crossbite, crowding of Incisors, molar relationship, diastema, overjet, deep bite, supernumerary teeth, anterior open bite and posterior crossbite. Education was statistically significant different. No significant differences in Interceptive orthodontic Care Need Index and The IOTN were found by income, knowledge and attitude of parents, age, sex, and children behavior. Interceptive Orthodontic Care Need Index has diagnostic relations with Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), which acts as comparison index.

Abstrak :
Buah kepel Stelechocarpus burahol secara tradisional digunakan sebagai penghilang bau mulut oleh putri kerajaan Yogyakarta.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas, mengidentifikasi dan memprediksi mekanisme senyawa dari ekstrak buah kepel sebagai penghilang bau mulut. Ekstrak etanol dipartisi dengan pelarut heksan, etil asetat, butanol, air dan metanol. Ekstrak dan fraksi buah kepel diujikan aktivitas penyerapan bau volatile sulfur compounds VSCs dan antibakteri penyebab bau mulut. Hasil skrining fitokimia dan penentuan kadar kandungan kimia, diketahui buah kepel mengandung saponin yang terdapat pada semua fraksi kecuali metanol, juga semua fraksi mengandung flavonoid, polifenol dan tanin. Kadar total polifenol menunjukkan kadar tertinggi ditemukan pada fraksi air. Semua ekstrak dan fraksi dapat menyerap bau metil merkaptan dan dimetilsulfida, dan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis dan Fusobacterium nucleatum.Fraksi butanol FB1 dari fraksinasi kolom adsorben sepadeks diisolasi lebih lanjut dengan adsorben silikagel Flash menghasilkan subfraksi FB1-AM, dimurnikan dengan kloroform-metanol, dan diidentifikasi senyawanya menggunakan H-NMR dan LCMS/MS. Hasil pengkajian mekanisme aksi dengan meetode insiliko dari senyawa kandidat 5-hidroksimetilfurfural, diketahui senyawa ini dapat menghambat enzim pengkatalisis yang membantu enzim metionin gamma liase menghasilkan metil merkaptan, seperti halnya katekin sebagai pembanding.

---

Kepel fruit Stelechocarpus burahol has traditionally been used as aoral deodorizing of the Yogyakarta Princesses.The objective of this study was obtain the extract and the fraction of the kepel activity as a remover of oral malodor and to predict the mechanism of the isolate compounds as deodorizing.The ethanol extract was partitioned with hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, water and methanol solvents. Extracts and fractions of the fruit tested for odor absorption of Volatile Sulfur Compounds VSCs and antibacterial trigger halitosis. The phytochemical screening was known that all fractions except methanol contain saponins, and all fractions contain flavonoids, polyphenols and tannins. Total of polyphenol compounds show the highest consentrations found in water fractions. All extracts and fractions can absorb methyl mercaptane and dimethylsulfide gas, and may inhibit the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatumbacteria . The FB1 from butanol fraction was further isolated with a silica gel resulted FB1 AM subfraction, then purified by chloroform methanol, and identified using H NMR and LCMS MS. The action mechanism of 5 hydroxymethylfurfural candidate compound by in silico method, found in this compound can inhibit the enzyme catalyzing PLP which the enzyme methionine gamma lyase to produce methyl mercaptane, as well as catechins as a comparison.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: ECC adalah masalah kesehatan penting di Indonesia. Prevalensi dan keparahan usia dibawah tiga tahun meningkat, pencegahan harus dilakukan saat gigi erupsi. Gigi sulung berperan dalam proses tumbuh kembang anak, pemeliharaannya melibatkan peran ibu, antara lain pada pola pemberian ASI. Tujuan: Diketahuinya hubungan pola pemberian ASI dan berbagai faktor risiko kejadian ECC dan ditemukannya model pencegahan yang sesuai di DKI Jakarta. Metode: Cross-sectional pada 424 anak usia 6-24 bulan, wawancara, pemeriksaan klinis dan laboratorium.Hasil:Faktor prediktor ECC:plak, usia anak, cara pemberian, lama kontak ASI, dan kapasitas buffer saliva. Kesimpulan: Model menjelaskan 52,5% variasi ECC dengan akurasi prediksi 82%. Dihasilkan soft ware dan kartu sebagai alat bantu pencegahan ECC. ...... Background: ECC is an important health problem in Indonesia. Under 3-yr-old prevalence and severity tend to increase, prevention must start since teeth eruption. Primary teeth plays role in the child development, oral care mainly involves the mother?s role, among others, breastfeeding pattern. Purpose: To determine relationship between breastfeeding patterns and ECC risk factors to find a prevention model in Jakarta. Methods: Cross-sectional study on 424 children aged 6-24 months, interviews, clinical and laboratory examinations. Result: ECC predictor factors: dental plaque, age, breastfeeding pattern, salivary buffer capacity. Summary:Model explained 52.5% variation in ECC with 82% accuracy prediction. Soft ware and card were developed as prevention model.

Abstrak :

 

Prevalensi karies gigi remaja di Indonesia masih tinggi. Salah satunya karena perilaku kesehatan gigi yang masih buruk. Perilaku remaja yang tidak stabil secara emosional dapat mempengaruhi perawatan kesehatan giginya. Keadaan kesehatan gigi yang buruk akan berdampak pada kepercayaan diri dalam hubungan sosialnya. Oleh karena itu diperlukan evaluasi penilaian determinan kesehatan gigi remaja. Alat ukur yang sesuai dengan karakteristik remaja, sampai saat ini belum tersedia. Tujuan penelitian adalah membuat alat ukur untuk mengukur perilaku kesehatan gigi remaja dan menguji model perilaku kesehatan gigi remaja berdasarkan theory of planned behavior serta menentukan determinannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi deskriptif eksploratif dengan desain cross sectional. Sejumlah 723 siswa SMP berusia 13-15 tahun adalah siswa SMP di Kota Bandung menjadi subjek penelitian. Sampel dipilih dengan metoda probability proportional to size (PPS) menggunakan random group methods. Penelitian terdiri dari: (1) membuat alat ukur dan memvalidasinya; (2) menilai perilaku kesehatan gigi remaja dan plak skor (3) menguji model determinan perilaku kesehatan gigi remaja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, alat ukur perilaku kesehatan gigi remaja (oral hygiene, dietary habits, dental attendance) berdasarkan theory of planned behavior serta perilaku aktual (oral hygiene, dietary habits, dental attendance), dan dengan dua faktor terkait yaitu harapan hasil sosial dan pengetahuan dinyatakan valid dan reliabel. Hasil untuk model struktural ketiga perilaku kebersihan gigi, kebiasaan diet, kunjungan ke Dokter Gigi, berdasarkan theory of planned behaviour, harapan hasil sosial dan pengetahuan hasilnya data fit (sesuai dengan model). Hasil analisis hubungan (1) model struktural perilaku kebersihan gigi: kontrol perilaku, harapan hasil sosial dan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi mempengaruhi skor plak melalui intensi dan perilaku aktual kebersihan gigi, (2) model struktural perilaku kebiasaan diet: kontrol perilaku dan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi mempengaruhi skor plak melalui intensi dan perilaku aktual kebiasaan diet, (3) model struktural perilaku kunjungan ke Dokter Gigi: kontrol perilaku dan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi mempengaruhi skor plak melalui intensi dan perilaku aktual kunjungan ke Dokter Gigi (4) model struktural perilaku kesehatan gigi: ketiga kontrol perilaku (kebersihan gigi, kebiasaan diet dan kunjungan ke Dokter Gigi) berkonstribusi kuat terhadap masing-masing intensi (kebersihan gigi, kebiasaan diet dan kunjungan ke Dokter Gigi), dan yang terbesar konstribusinya adalah kontrol perilaku kebiasaan diet. Kesimpulan, kontrol perilaku yang kuat pada komponen intensi akan menentukan ketiga perilaku kesehatan gigi pada remaja, namun yang secara empiris menentukan adanya hubungan dengan skor plak hanya perilaku kebersihan gigi dan kebiasaan diet.

---

The prevalence of adolescent caries in Indonesia is still high. Poor oral health behaviour is one of the causes. Unstable emotional behaviour in adolescent can affect their oral health care. Poor oral health condition can affect their self-confident in social environment. Therefore evaluation for adolescent oral health determinant and assessment is needed. Measuring instruments that suitable for adolescent characteristics are not yet available. The purpose for this research is to make an effective measuring instrument to assess adolescent oral health behaviour and to test adolescent the model of oral health behaviour based on theory of planned behavior alongside by determining the determinants. This research uses explorative description with cross sectional design. A total of 723 junior high school students aged 13-15 years in the city of Bandung became the subject of study.The sample was chosen with probability proportional to size (PPS) method using random group methods. The research consist of (1) make an effective measuring instrument and validate it; (2) assessing adolescent oral health behavior and score plaque (3) assessing the determinant model of adolescent oral health behaviour. Research result shown that measuring instrument of adolescent oral health behaviour based on theory of planned behaviour, the expectation of social outcome, oral health knowledge, and actual behaviour confirmed as valid and reliable. The result of third structural oral hygiene behaviour model, dietary habits, dental based on the theory of planned behaviour, expected social outcome and knowledge which resulted of data fit with model. The result of result of relationship analysis consist of (1) structural models of oral hygiene behaviors: perceived behavior control, expectations social outcomes and oral health knowledge influence plaque scores through the intention and actual behavior of oral hygiene, (2) structural models of dietary habits: perceived behavior control and oral health knowledge influence plaque scores through the intention and actual behavior of dietary habits, (3) structural models of dental attandance: perceived behavior control and oral health knowledge influence plaque scores through the intention and actual behavior of dental attendance (4) structural models of oral health behavior: perceived behaviora control (oral hygiene, dietary habits and dental attandance) have a strong contribution to each intention (oral hygiene, dietary habits and dental attandance), and the biggest contribution is perceived behaver control of dietary habits. Conclusion, strong perceived behavioral control on the intention component will determine the three oral health behaviors in adolescents, but which empirically determines the association with plaque scores only oral hygiene behavior and dietary habits.

Abstrak :
Meningkatnya populasi lansia di dunia termasuk Indonesia merupakan dampak dari kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi bidang kesehatan dan sosial ekonomi. Keadaan ini mengakibatkan bertambahnya berbagai penyakit lanjut usia termasuk gigi dan mulut. Berbagai faktor risiko yang muncul seiring proses penuaan mengakibatkan hilangnya gigi geligi. Akan tetapi faktor risiko yang paling berperan dengan kehilangan gigi di Indonesia masih belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini memperoleh indeks prediksi kehilangan gigi berdasarkan faktor-faktor risiko. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus kontrol pada 208 lansia berusia >60 tahun, 82 subjek kasus dengan kehilangan gigi >12 dan 126 kontrol dengan kehilangan gigi < 12. Mayoritas subjek adalah perempuan 82,7%; usia >65 tahun 53,9%; pendidikan menengah 51,9%, kebersihan mulut sedang 51,2%, pendarahan gusi ringan 44,4%; penghasilan rendah 94,7%; periodontal indeks berat 61,2%; tekanan darah tinggi 79,8%; fungsi kognitif normal 74,5%; dugaan diabetes melitus 22,6%; perilaku baik 52,4%; kepadatan tulang normal 81,6%, kehilangan perlekatan gingiva baik 62,9%, aktivitas sehari-hari normal 90,4%. Model akhir yang didapat adalah dugaan diabetes melitus, perilaku, dugaan demensia, kehilangan perlekatan sedang dan buruk memiliki hubungan dengan kehilangan gigi pada lansia. Penelitian ini menghasilkan suatu indeks prediksi kehilangan gigi dengan faktor risiko yang paling berperan terhadap kehilangan gigi pada lansia. ...... The expanding population of elders in Indonesia and worldwide influenced by the advances in science and technology, especially the health and socio-economic progress. The aging process results in susceptibility to infection of the oral cavity resulting in loss of teeth. The aim of this study was to develop and test a model of tooth loss prediction index based on risk factors. A case-control study was conducted among 208 elders aged above 60 years old, 82 subjects who had lost more than 12 teeth were participated as case group while 126 subjects who had lost 12 or less teeth were participated as control group. At examination, 53.9% of participants were aged above 65 years old, with 82.7% females, 51.9% were middle educated, 51.2% have moderate oral hygiene level, 44.4% have mild level of gingival bleeding, 94.7% have low income, 61.2% have severe periodontal index, 79.8% having hypertention, 74.5% having normal cognitive function, 22.6% diabetes melitus, 52.4% having good oral health behavior, 81.6% with normal bone density, 62.9% good level of gingival attachment loss, 90.4% having normal daily activity. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that diabetes melitus, oral health behavior, cognitive function, moderate and severe level of gingival attachment loss were associated with tooth lost. The study produced a tooth loss prediction index based on risk factors most responsible for tooth loss in elderly.