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"Dr. Azahari adalah anggota Al-Jamaah Al-Islamiyah (Al-JI) sejak tahun 1993. Ia berperan sebagai perakit bom dan menjadi salah satu aktor intelektual peledakkan bom yang dilakukan Al-JI di Indonesia. Bom karya Dr. Azahari memiliki ciri khusus yang dikenal sebagai bom signature. Hal ini membuat pakar bom mudah mengidentifikasi dan mengenali bom buatannya. Dr. Azahari sempat mengajarkan beberapa anggota Al-JI, bahkan telah membukukan serta menyebarkan tentang cara membuat bom. Penelitian ini menggunakan Teori McClelland dan Teori Pilihan Rasional. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengantisipasi ancaman-ancaman yang muncul berdasarkan kasus Dr. Azahari bersama Al-JI. Metode penelitian yaitu metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yakni studi literatur, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Untuk memeriksa keabsahan data, peneliti menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Dr. Azahari menjadi pelaku teror karena menghadapi masalah dan pengaruh lingkungannya. Aksi teror yang melibatkan Dr. Azahari selalu menggunakan pilihan rasional dan dapat dikenali oleh aparat melalui modus operandi, salah satunya bom signature. Ciri khusus bom signature dianalisis melalui komponen dan rancangan bom. Selain itu, bom signature dibuat dari bahan-bahan baku yang mudah didapat dan bertujuan untuk mendapat pengakuan (Need of Achievement). Kasus Dr. Azahari membuktikan bahwa individu yang berpendidikan tinggi dapat terekrut kelompok teroris dan menghasilkan aksi teror yang berdampak signifikan. Hal-hal yang perlu diantisipasi karena menjadi bukti ancaman, yakni: radikalisasi atau perekrutan kelompok teroris dapat terjadi di lembaga Pendidikan dan lembaga keagamaan; perubahan sikap individu yang menarik diri dari keterlibatan sosial dan suka menyendiri; penyalagunaan fasilitas kampus untuk kegiatan terorisme; adanya bom sekunder pada aksi teror; penggunaan media online untuk kegiatan terorisme; kemudahan mendapatkan bahan-bahan yang dapat dijadikan bom.

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Dr. Azahari was a member of the Al-Jamaah Al-Islamiyah (Al-JI) since 1993 and was one of the intellectual actors of the bombings conducted by Al-JI in Indonesia. His role in the organization was as a bombmaker. Dr. Azaharis bombs had unique characteristics, which is known as a signature bomb. This allowed bomb experts to easily identify his work. Dr. Azahari once taught several Al-JI members, and even made a book on bombmaking and distributed it. The Motivation Theory by McClelland and the Rational Choice Theory will be used to explain and analyze the findings of this research. The findings were collected using a qualitative method through literature studies, interviews, and document studies, which were validated using the triangulation technique. This research discovered that Dr. Azahari became terrorist because he had to face several issues and was influenced by his environment. The terrorism acts that involved Dr. Azahari always used rational choices and were able to be recognized by the officers through his modus operandi, among others is the signature bomb. The unique characteristics of the signature bomb were analyzed through its components and design. Furthermore, the signature bomb was made from materials that were easy to obtain and was used to gain recognition (Need of Achievement). Dr. Azaharis case proves that high-educated individuals can still be recruited by terrorist groups and conduct significant terrorism act Other aspects that need to be anticipated because it could become a threat are: radicalization or recruitment of terrorist groups can occur in an educational or religious institution; the behavior change of an individual who withdraws him or herself from social environment and prefers to be alone; misuse of the universitys facilities for terrorism activities; the existence of a secondary bomb during a terrorism act; the use of online media for terrorism acts; the ease of obtaining materials for making bombs."

"Balai Rehabilitasi Sosial Anak Memerlukan Perlindungan Khusus (BRSAMPK) Handayani merupakan pilot project kehadiran negara dalam penanganan anak dan perempuan terpapar terorisme. Penelitian ini meneliti tentang implementasi program deradikalisasi dengan studi kelembagaan pada pada Balai Handayani. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dan subjek penelitian adalah warga binaan sosial ibu dan anak yang terpapar terorisme di Balai Handayani. Awalnya balai ini merupakan Panti Sosial dan bertransformasi menjadi Balai pada awal tahun 2018. Penelitian ini menemukan adanya celah dari tahapan awal deradikalisasi yaitu dari tahap identifikasi menuju tahapan resosialisasi. Teori Implementasi, Manajemen Organisasi Birokrasi dan Kerjasama digunakan dalam mengidentifikasi celah pada proses deradikalisasi yang berfokus pada kelembagaan BRSAMPK Handayani. Komunikasi, keterbatasan sumber daya baik anggaran dan sumber daya manusia, ketidakjelasan disposisi dan struktur birokrasi yang terfragmentasi menjadi hambatan resosialisasi berjalan secara optimal. Kerjasama yang diamati antara BNPT, Balai Handayani di bawah Kementerian Sosial, Kementerian Dalam Negeri ditemui pola kerjasama yang terjadi hanya setingkat koordinasi dan belum meningkat dalam tahap kolaborasi sehingga menjadi hambatan. Belum optimalnya resosialisasi ini memiliki dampak residivisme bagi mantan warga binaan sosial di BRSAMPK Handayani. 

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The Handayani Social Rehabilitation Center for Children with Special Protection Needs (BRSAMPK Handayani) is a pilot project for the states participation in handling radicalized women and children. This thesis research is about the implementation of deradicalization program by institutional studies on Handayani Social Rehab Center. This Research utilizes qualitative method and the subject of the research are the fostered women and children that has been exposed to terrorism that are under Handayanis care. In the beginning, this social rehab center was a Social Home and transformed into a Rehab Center in the beginning of 2018. This research found that there is a gap between the beginning of deradicalization program which is from the identification phase toward resocialization phase. Implementation Theory, bureaucracy Management and Cooperation Theory are used in order to identify the gap in deradicalization process that focus in the institution of BRSAMPK Handayani. Communication, lack of resoursces, the unclear disposition and fragmented bureaucracy structure become a hurdle for the resocialization to optimally implemented. The Cooperation that happened between BNPT, Handayani/The Ministry of Social, The Ministry of Home Affairs only happens in coordination level and hasnt progressed into collaboration and thus it becomes a hurdle. The inoptimal resocialization has recidivism effect for former fostered person in BRSAMPK Handayani."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan modus operandi residivis terorisme kasus bom Thamrin dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Teori yang digunakan sebagai pisau analisis penelitian ini adalah teori jejaring aktor dan differential association theory. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data penelitian ini dikumpullkan melalui wawancara secara mendalam, studi dokumentasi, dan observasi. Adapun sumber informan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 8 (delapan) sumber informan meliputi Pelaku residivis terorisme kasus bom Thamrin, Pihak Lapas, BNPT, Densus 88 Anti Teror, dan teman pelaku, serta peneliti yang pernah meneliti kedua pelaku residivis terorisme. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik analisis data kualitatif meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi data. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah modus operandi yang dilakukan dalam kasus bom Thamrin adalah melakukan penyerangan langsung dan melakukan aksi bom bunuh diri yang sasaran utamanya adalah Pemerintah dan Kepolisian yang dianggap sebagai anshar thogut serta masyarakat yang mereka anggap bertentangan dengan paham dan keyakinan kelompok mereka. Adapun faktor yang mempengaruhi fenomena residivis terorisme dalam kasus bom Thamrin adalah faktor ideologi. Disamping itu para pelaku residivis terorisme ini menolak dengan tegas untuk mengikuti program deradikalisasi sehingga pemahaman dan keyakinan mereka selama di dalam Lapas tidak berkurang sehingga melakukan kembali aksi teror

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This study aims to explain the modus operandi of recidivism in terrorism in the Thamrin bombing case and identify the factors that influence it. The theory used as an analysis tool in this research is actor network theory and differential association theory. This study uses a qualitative approach. The data for this research were collected through in-depth interviews, documentation studies, and observation. The sources of informants in this study were 8 (eight) sources of informants including recidivists of terrorism in the Thamrin bombing case, Penitentiary, BNPT, Densus 88 Anti-Terror, and friends of the perpetrators, as well as researchers who had studied the two recidivists of terrorism. The data analysis technique of this research was carried out using qualitative data analysis techniques including data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions/data verification. The result of this study is that the modus operandi used in the Thamrin bombing case was to carry out direct attacks and carry out suicide bombings whose main targets were the Government and the Police who were considered as anshar thogut and the people who they considered contradicted their group's understandings and beliefs. The factor influencing the phenomenon of recidivism in terrorism in the Thamrin bombing case is the ideological factor. Besides that, these recidivists of terrorism firmly refuse to take part in the deradicalization program so that their understanding and belief while in prison is not reduced so that they commit acts of terror again."

"Pemerintah RI telah berupaya melakukan penanganan terhadap permasalahan terorisme dengan membentuk peraturan perundangan-undangan sebagai landasan hukum serta Lembaga dan Satuan Tugas seperti BNPT (Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Terorisme) dan Densus-88 Polri. Upaya penindakan berbasis penegakan hukum maupun deradikalisasi yang dilakukan oleh BNPT dan Densus-88 ternyata belum menunjukkan hasil sesuai harapan karena masih terjadi aksi-aksi terorisme di Indonesia yang menimbulkan korban jiwa. Pelibatan TNI (Tentara Nasional Indonesia) dalam penganggulangan terorisme telah diatur dalam UU No.34 Tahun 2004 tentang TNI dan UU No. 5 Tahun 2018 namun sampai saat ini aturan pelaksanaannya melalui peraturan presiden belum disahkan sehingga pelibatan TNI belum dapat dioperasionalkan secara maksimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk mengidentifikasi potensi yang dimiliki TNI dan bagaimana TNI dapat diperankan dalam penanggulangan terorisme khususnya pada upaya deradikalisasi oleh satuan TNI (Tentara Nasional Indonesia) yang telah tergelar sampai ketingkat Desa (Babinsa). Peneliti mengunakan social bond theory dalam mengidentifikasi perubahan perilaku sehingga mantan narapidana terorisme meninggalkan ideologi kekerasan dan melepaskan diri dari organisasi teroris.

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The Government of Indonesia has attempted to deal with the problem of terrorism by establishing legislation as a legal basis as well as Institutions and Task Forces such as BNPT (National Agency for Countering Terrorism) and Densus-88 Polri. Efforts to take action based on law enforcement and deradicalization carried out by BNPT and Densus-88 have not shown results as expected because there are still acts of terrorism in Indonesia that cause casualties. The involvement of the TNI (Indonesian National Army) in countering terrorism has been regulated in Law No. 34 of 2004 concerning the TNI and Law no. 5 of 2018 but until now the implementation rules through a presidential regulation have not been ratified so that the involvement of the TNI cannot be fully operationalized. This study uses a qualitative method to identify the potential of the TNI and how the TNI can be played in countering terrorism, especially in efforts to deradicalize the TNI (Indonesian National Army) which has been deployed to the village level (Babinsa). Researchers use social bond theory in identifying behavioral changes so that ex-terrorism convicts leave the ideology of violence and escape from terrorist organizations."