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Sulthan Farhan Athallah

Observasi Kehilangan Gigi Pasien Periodontitis di RSKGM FKGUI Periode Follow-Up Berdasarkan Staging dan Grading = Tooth Loss Observation on Periodontitis Patients at Dental Hospital Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Indonesia During Follow-Up Period Based on Stages and Grades

"Latar Belakang: Periodontitis adalah penyakit yang ditandai inflamasi dan menyebabkan kerusakan pada gingiva, jaringan periodontal, dan tulang alveolar yang menjadi tempat bertumpunya gigi-geligi. Penelitian yang pernah ada sebelumnya mencoba menggunakan alat penilaian risiko penyakit periodontal untuk memprediksi kehilangan gigi. Dalam sistem klasifikasi terbaru penyakit periodontal, World Classification 2017, periodontitis dikategorikan menjadi stage dan grade berdasarkan parameter seperti kehilangan tulang yang juga merupakan faktor risiko kehilangan gigi, sehingga World Classification 2017 berpotensi untuk menilai risiko kehilangan gigi pada pasien periodontitis.

Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara Stage dan Grade Periodontitis dengan kehilangan gigi akibat periodontitis pada follow-up 0-3 bulan, 3-6 bulan, 6-9 bulan, 9-12 bulan, dan 12-24 bulan.

Metode: Penelitian dilakukan secara retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder rekam medis periodontal pasien RSKGM FKGUI Tahun 2018-2021 yang diambil melalui consecutive sampling. Seratus enam puluh enam sampel rekam medis diperoleh dalam penelitian ini. Data sampel diolah dengan uji komparasi statistik menggunakan program IBM SPSS Statistics 26.

Hasil: Ada perbedaan signifikan kehilangan gigi akibat periodontitis pada stage IV antar waktu follow-up 0-3 bulan dengan 12-24 bulan; grade A antar waktu follow-up 0-3 bulan dengan 12-24 bulan; grade C antar waktu follow-up 12-24 bulan dengan 0-3 bulan, 3-6 bulan, dan 9-12 bulan.

Kesimpulan: Kehilangan gigi akibat periodontitis pada masing-masing stage dan grade berbeda antar waktu follow-up.

Introduction: Periodontitis is a disease revolving around inflammation and result in destruction of gingiva, periodontal tissue, and alveolar bone which function as anchorage of teeth. Past studies tried to use periodontal risk assessment tools to predict tooth loss. The new classsification of periodontal disease, World Classification 2017, categorized periodontitis into stages and grades based on parameter such as bone loss, which also a risk factor of tooth loss, so it was considered to be potential periodontal tooth loss predictor.
Objectives: To investigate relationship between diagnosed periodontitis stages and grades on baseline to tooth loss on 0-3 months, 3-6 months, 6-9 months, 9-12 months, and 12-24 months recall.
Methods: This study is done retrospectively using secondary data from 2018-2021 RSKGM FKGUI dental records collected by consecutive sampling. One hundred sixty six samples collected for the study. Data is analyzed by comparative test using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 Program.
Results: There is significant difference of tooth loss by periodontitis stage IV between 0-3 months to 12-24 months recalls from baseline; grade A between 0-3 months to 12-24 months; grade C between 12-24 months to 0-3 months, 3-6 months, and 9-12 months recalls from baseline.
Conclusions: Tooth loss due to periodontitis is differ based on stages and grades between recalls.
"

Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2021

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Fransiska Indah Salsalina

Efek Obat Kumur Propolis terhadap Plak dan Gingivitis secara Klinis serta Jumlah Koloni Bakteri Nonspesifik pada Plak = Effect of Propolis Containing Mouthwash on Dental Plaque and Gingivitis Clinically and the Total Count of Nonspecific Bacteria on Dental Plaque

"Latar Belakang: Gingivitis merupakan penyakit periodontal dengan prevalensi paling tinggi di Indonesia. Penyebab utama terjadinya gingivitis adalah akumulasi plak dan tingkat kebersihan rongga mulut yang rendah. Manifestasi klinis gingivitis dapat berupa eritema, edema, perdarahan, dan ulserasi pada gingiva tanpa disertai adanya kehilangan perlekatan periodontal. Secara mikroskopis, ditemukan perubahan flora normal dan infeksi bakteri nonspesifik pada gingivitis. Kerusakan jaringan pada gingivitis bersifat reversibledengan adanya penghilangan plak dan peningkatan kebersihan rongga mulut. Mekanisme penghilangan plak dapat dilakukan secara mekanis dan kimiawi. Cara mekanis seperti scalingdan menyikat gigi merupakan metode utama penghilangan plak. Metode kimiawi seperti penggunaan obat kumur yang mengandung bahan aktif merupakan terapi tambahan yang efektif, terutama dalam membersihkan area di rongga mulut yang tidak terjangkau oleh pembersihan secara mekanis. Propolis merupakan salah satu bahan alami di bidang kesehatan yang memiliki sifat antiplak dan antibakteri. Obat kumur propolis dinilai memberikan efek terhadap plak dan gingivitis secara klinis serta jumlah koloni bakteri nonspesifik pada plak. Tujuan: Mengetahui efek obat kumur yang mengandung propolis terhadap plak dan gingivitis secara klinisserta jumlah koloni bakteri nonspesifik pada plak.

Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimental klinis. Sebanyak 20 orang sukarelawan gingivitis berusia 18-30 tahun berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Subjek dibagi menjadi kelompok uji dan kelompok kontrol dengan pembagian 10 orang kelompok uji berkumur dengan obat kumur propolis dan 10 orang kelompok kontrol berkumur dengan obat kumur tanpa bahan aktif. Pada awal penelitian, dilakukan scaling, penyuluhan, pengukuran awal PI dan PBI, serta pengambilan sampel plak untuk penghitungan jumlah koloni bakteri. Setelah berkumur selama 14 hari, dilakukan kembali pengukuran PI dan PBI serta pengambilan sampel plak untuk penghitungan jumlah koloni bakteri.

Hasil: Hasil penilaian statistik menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna rata-rata penurunan PBI antara kelompok uji dan kelompok kontrol. (sig< 0,05 , selisih R_PBI= 0.3724). Rata-rata penurunan PI kelompok uji lebih besar dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (selisih R_PI= 0.3665), begitu juga dengan rata-rata penurunan jumlah koloni bakteri aerob dan anaerob (selisih R_Aerob= 90.6 , selisih R_Anaerob= 40) walaupun tidak bermakna secara statistik (sig> 0,05).

Kesimpulan: Berkumur dengan obat kumur propolis efektif terhadap perdarahan papilla dibandingkan dengan berkumur dengan obat kumur tanpa aktif. Berkumur dengan obat kumur propolis dapat menurunkan rata-rata PI serta rata-rata jumlah koloni bakteri aerob dan anaerob pada plak, walaupun tidak bermakna secara statistik.

Kata kunci: Gingivitis, propolis, obat kumur, bakteri nonspesifik pada plak

Background: Gingivitis has the highest prevalence among the other periodontal diseases in Indonesia. The main causes of gingivitis are dental plaque accumulation and low oral hygiene level in patients. Clinically, gingivitis could appear as edema, bleeding, and ulceration without any loss of attachment. There are shifting of normal floras and certain periodontal pathogens found in gingivitis microscopically. Tissue damage in gingivitis is reversible with the presence of adequate plaque removal and an increase in patientsoral hygiene level. Dental plaque removal could be done mechanically and chemically. The mechanical methods like toothbrushing and scaling are the main method, whereas the use of chemical like mouthwash is an adjunctive therapy which shows efficacy. The use of mouthwash with active ingredients could cleanse area in the mouth that could not be reached through mechanical methods. Propolis is one of the natural ingredients commonly studied and used in dentistry because of the antibacterial and antiplaque effects it has. Propolis containing mouthwash could give effects on dental plaque and gingivitis clinically, along with the total count of nonspecific bacteria present in dental plaque.

Objectives: To assess the effect of propolis containing mouthwash on dental plaque and gingivitis clinically along with the total count of nonspecific bacteria present in dental plaque.Methods:This study is completed using clinical experimental method. There are 20 volunteers with age interval 18-30 years old who participated in this research. Twenty subjects are divided into two groups with the same numbers, which is 10 subjects each groups. The first group is the test group which use propolis containing mouthwash, whereas the other one is placebo group which use mouthwash without any active ingredients. Scaling, dental health education, measurement of plaque index and papillary bleeding index, and plaque sample collection for bacteria assessment were done in the beginning of this study. After using mouthwash for 14 days, there were second measurement of plaque index and papillary bleeding index along with plaque sample collection for bacteria assessment.

Results: Statistic showed there is significant difference (sig< 0.05, mean differences = 0.3724) of papillary bleeding index among the two groups. Mean score of plaque index in the test group showed greater reduction than the placebo group (mean differences = 0.3665) and nean score of total bacteria count in the test group showed higher reduction than the placebo group (mean differences of aerob bacteria = 90.6 , mean differences of anaerob bacteria = 40) though there werent any significant difference present statistically (sig>0.05).

Conclusion: The use of propolis containing mouthwash showed better effect on papillary bleeding index compared to the use of mouthwash without any active ingredients. The use of propolis containing mouthwash could reduce mean scores of plaque index and the numbers of aerob and anaerob bacteria present in dental plaque, though there werent any statistical significance shown.

Keywords: Gingivitis, propolis, mouthwash, nonspecific bacterial plaque"

Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2020

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Rahmi Hermanda Putri

Evaluasi status periodontal pada vegetarian dibandingkan non vegetarian studi pada peserta Pusdiklat Budhis Maitreyawira Jakarta = Evaluation of periodontal status in vegetarians compared to non vegetarians study in participants of Jakarta Maitreyawira Buddhist Training Center / Rahmi Hermanda Putri

"ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Nutrisi pada makanan yang dikonsumsi oleh vegetarian dapat

memberi pengaruh yang baik terhadap kondisi periodontal. Tujuan: Untuk

mengetahui perbedaan status periodontal pada vegetarian dibandingkan nonvegetarian.

Metode: Penelitian deskriptif cross-sectional dengan subjek 60 orang

yang terbagi dalam dua kelompok, 30 orang vegetarian dan 30 orang nonvegetarian.

Dilakukan pengukuran indeks plak, kalkulus, OHIS dan PBI pada

masing-masing kelompok. Hasil: Nilai rerata indeks plak, kalkulus, OHIS, dan

PBI pada kedua kelompok tidak berbeda bermakna (uji Mann-Whitney; p>0,05

dan uji Independent T-Test; p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan

bermakna dari indeks plak, kalkulus, oral hygiene, dan perdarahan gingiva

kelompok vegetarian dibandingkan non-vegetarian dan semuanya tergolong ke

dalam kategori sedang dan baik.

ABSTRACT

Background: Nutritions in vegetarians’s food can give a good effect to periodontal

condition. Objective: To analyze the differences of periodontal status in vegetarians

compared to non-vegetarians. Method: The research is cross-sectional descriptive

with 60 subjects who were divided into two groups, 30 subjects of vegetarians and 30

subjects of non-vegetarians. Examination were done using plaque, calculus, OHIS,

and PBI index in each group. Result: The mean of plaque, calculus, OHIS, and PBI

index scores in both of groups have no significant difference (Mann-Whitney test;

p>0,05 and Independent T-Test; p>0,05). Conclusion: There is no significant

difference of plaque, calculus, oral hygiene, and papila bleeding index in vegetarians

compared to non-vegetarians and they were classified to moderate and good

category."

Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2014

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Francia, Maria Shisze

Evaluasi klinis kedalaman poket periodontal resesi gingiva dan kehilangan perlekatan pada vegetarian studi pada peserta Pusdiklat Buddhis maitreyawira Jakarta = Clinical evaluation of probing pocket depth gingival recession and clinical attachment level in vegetarians study in participants of Maitreyawira Buddhist Training Center Jakarta / Maria Shisze Francia

"ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Pola makan vegetarian diketahui memiliki efek positif terhadap

kesehatan. Penelitian mengenai status periodontal pada vegetarian masih sedikit.

Tujuan: Mengevaluasi kedalaman poket periodontal, resesi gingiva, dan kehilangan

perlekatan pada vegetarian secara klinis. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang pada 30

orang vegetarian dan 30 orang non-vegetarian berusia 16-65 tahun. Pemeriksaan

klinis jaringan periodontal meliputi kedalaman poket, resesi gingiva, dan kehilangan

perlekatan. Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p>0,05) rerata kedalaman

poket (Independent T-Test), resesi gingiva dan kehilangan perlekatan (uji Mann-

Whitney) antara vegetarian dan non-vegetarian. Kesimpulan: Hasil evaluasi klinis

terhadap kedalaman poket periodontal, resesi gingiva, dan kehilangan perlekatan

tidak berbeda antara vegetarian dan non-vegetarian.

ABSTRACT

Background: Vegetarian diet is known to have positive effects on health. Only

scarce data are available concerning the periodontal status in vegetarians.

Objectives: To evaluate the periodontal pocket depth, gingival recession, and

clinical attachment level in vegetarians clinically. Methods: A cross-sectional study

of 30 vegetarians and 30 non-vegetarians aged 16-65 years. Clinical examination of

periodontal tissues, including periodontal pocket depth, gingival recession, and

clinical attachment level. Results: No significant mean differences (p>0,05) on

periodontal pocket depth (independent T-test), gingival recession and clinical

attachment level (Mann-Whitney test) between vegetarians and non-vegetarians.

Conclusions: Clinical evaluation results of periodontal pocket depth, gingival

recession, and clinical attachment level in vegetarians are not different between

vegetarians and non-vegetarians."

Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2014

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Albert

Pengaruh serotipe c streptococcus mutans terhadap tingkat keasaman plak dan saliva pada penderita resesi gingiva dengan hipersensitif dentin (analisis menggunakan real time PCR) = Effect of serotype c streptococcus mutans for plaque and saliva acidity levels in gingival recession with dentin hypersensitivity (analysis using real time PCR)

"[ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Hipersensitif dentin dipengaruhi oleh akumulasi plak pada

permukaan gigi dan penetrasi bakteri pada tubulus dentin. Tujuan: Menganalisis

proporsi serotipe c Streptococcus mutans dan tingkat keasaman di dalam plak

dan saliva penderita resesi gingiva yang hipersensitif dentin dengan penderita

resesi gingiva yang non hipersensitif. Metode: Tiga puluh enam sampel plak dan

saliva dibagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu kelompok hipersensitif dan non

hipersensitif. Dilakukan ekstrak DNA sampel, pengukuran pH sampel dan

evaluasi amplifikasi serotipe c Streptococcus mutans dengan alat Real Time

PCR. Hasil: Proporsi serotipe c Streptococcus mutans di dalam plak dan

saliva tidak berbeda pada penderita resesi gingiva dengan hipersensitif

dentin maupun non hipersensitif, Kesimpulan: Proporsi serotipe c

Streptococcus mutans plak dan saliva tidak mempengaruhi hipersensitif

dentin.

ABSTRACT

Background: dentin hypersensitivity is affected by the accumulation of plaque

on the tooth surface and penetration of bacteria in the dentinal tubules.

Objective: To analyze the proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans and the

level of acidity in plaque and saliva of patients with hypersensitive dentin and

non hypersensitive. Methods: Thirty-six plaque and saliva samples were divided

into two groups: the hypersensitive and non-hypersensitive. Extract the sample

DNA, measure the acidity levels and evaluate serotype c Streptococcus mutans

amplification with Real Time PCR. Results: The proportion of serotype c

Streptococcus mutans in plaque and saliva is not significantly different in the

patients with gingival recession both hypersensitive and non-hypersensitive,

Conclusions: The proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans in plaque and

saliva are equally well both in hypersensitive and non hypersensitive cases.;Background: dentin hypersensitivity is affected by the accumulation of plaque