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Abstrak :
A study on habitat and food preference of Philemon buceroides in Moyo island, West Nusa Tenggara was conducted in April 1999 until July 1999. The aim of study is to explore the diversity and composition of plants and foods prefered by P. buceroides in its nature habitat. The results from this study will be very valuable in providing information and managing its conservation in both nature and or in man made habitat (in-situ and ex-situ).

Abstrak :
Research on usable of Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park and Botanical Garden to develop the conservation education has been carried out, but the available information due to the package of conservation education using both of conservation areas is stilt lacking. The aim of this study is to measure and compare conservation education packages, which have conducted at Gunung Gede Pangrango and Bogor Botanical Garden. The compiling information from this study will be useful as a contribution to develop the program of conservation education as well as to increase the management of conservation area. The comparative study was conducted in two conservation area, the Gunung Gede Pangrango (representative for in situ conservation), and Bogor Botanical Garden (for ex situ conservation), using a questionnaire method, document analyzing, field observation, and measure the progress of the institutional development using matrix of the Institutional Development Framework ( IDF ). Correspondence is the key-person from institutions who responsible in organizing the conservation education program. The conclusion of this study was that the Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park is more diverse in having potential interpretation material compare to that of Bogor Botanical Garden, especially the available concepts of ecology and conservation in species and ecosystem level. In comparison, the Bogor. Botanical Garden has relatively more facilities on species interpretation. The conservation education program at both areas has limit goal, only covered the awareness and knowledge, and not completed with the education evaluation, which measured the impact of education on conservation for the participants. Covering the goal of the education, usable of flagship species and education evaluation might develop the quality of the program at both areas. Both of the institutions have limit facilities and skill to develop the package of the conservation education program, therefore they need cooperation with other institution as a partner. The study also identified that the Partners have a good contribution on developing the package of the Conservation education program as well as provide human resources. Some partners have provided the technical and facilities for educating, however none of the four NGO's which cooperate with the two institutions (Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park and Bogor Botanical Garden) in sustainability stage at institutional; development continuum. It seem that their institutional development progress will influence the existing packages for educating conservation program, which prepared at Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park and Bogor Botanical Garden.

Abstrak :
Cryptococcus adalah jamur penyebab tersering pada pasien imunokompromi. Pada penelitian ini, 200 isolat yang berasal dari cairan otak 20 pasien terinfeksi HIV ditetapkan spesies dan serotipenya, serta kepekaannya terhadap obat antifungal (amfoterisin B, flukonazol, vorikonazol, ketokonazol, flusitosin). Spesies dan serotipe Cryptococcus ditetapkan menggunakan medium canavanine glycine bromthymol blue (CGB) dan medium creatinine dextrose bromthymol thymine (CDBT), sementara kepekaan terhadap antifungal diuji dengan metode difusi cakram, NCCLS M-44A, approved guidelines. Spesies C. neoformans ditemukan pada 170 isolat (85%), dengan seluruhnya adalah serotipe A dan 30 isolat adalah C. gattii. Infeksi tunggal C. neoformans ditemukan pada 10 pasien, infeksi tunggal C. gattii pada satu pasien, dan infeksi campuran pada 9 pasien. Cryptococcus spp sensitif terhadap amfoterisin B (93,5%), flukonazol (88,5%), vorikonazol (100%) dan ketokonazol (98%). Resistensi primer terhadap flusitosin ditemukan pada semua isolat C. neoformans dan C. gattii (100%) sebelum dan sesudah terapi. Secara keseluruhan, C. gattii kurang peka dibandingkan C. neoformans terhadap seluruh obat antifungal. ......Cryptococcus are common causes of mycoses in imunocompromised patient. In this study, 200 clinical cerebrospinal fluid from 20 HIV patient?s isolates of Cryptococcus were determine their species and serotypes, and their susceptibilities to antifungal (amphotericin B, fluconazole, voriconazole, ketoconazole, flucytosine) were analyzed. Cryptococcus species and serotypes were determined by canavanine glycine bromthymol blue (CGB) medium and creatinine dextrose bromthymol thymine (CDBT) medium, meanwhile antifungal susceptibilities were determined by disk diffusion method, NCCLS M-44A, approved guidelines. Species C. neoformans was found in 170 (85%) isolate with all of them was serotipe A dan 30 isolates (15%) were C. gattii. Single infection of C. neoformans was found in 10 patients, single infection of C. gattii in one patient and mixed infection in nine patients. Cryptococcus spp susceptible to amphotericin B (93,5%), fluconazole (88,5%), voriconazole (100%) and ketoconazole (98%). Primary resistance to flucytosine was found in all isolates C. neoformans and C. gattii (100%) before and after therapy. In general, C.gattii was less susceptible than C. neoformans to all drug tested.

Abstrak :
Zat besi merupakan mikronutrien esensial yang diperlukan tubuh seperti pertumbuhan sel darah merah dan sel otak Kebutuhan besi meningkat pada masa kehamilan Komposisi mikrobiota dapat berubah selama tahap kehidupan yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor misalnya besi Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain potong lintang yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara asupan besi dan kadar feritin serum dengan jumlah Bifidobacterium pada ibu hamil trimester ketiga Penelitian ini dilakukan di seluruh puskesmas kecamatan di Jakarta Timur dari bulan Maret sampai April 2015 Pengambilan subjek dilakukan dengan cara konsekutif dan didapatkan 52 ibu hamil yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara meliputi kuesioner data asupan besi heme dan non heme protein serta vitamin C dengan FFQ semikuantitatif Pengukuran antropometri untuk menilai status asupan gizi pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk mengetahui kadar feritin serum dan kadar CRP serta jumlah Bifdobacterium dalam tinja Didapatkan rerata usia 29 1 5 9 tahun nilai median asupan besi 66 7 3 3 144 1 mg hari kadar feritin serum 31 1 3 6 96 1 g L dan jumlah Bifidobacterium usus 7 45 5 1 9 5 log g tinja Tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna asupan besi dengan jumlah Bifidobacterium usus r 0 202 p 0 152 juga tidak didapatkan korelasi bermakna antara kadar feritin serum dengan jumlah Bifidobacterium usus (r=0,116 p=0,411).

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Iron is an essensial micronutrient which body needed such as for blood growth cell and brain cell Iron rsquo s requirement increases in pregnancy Microbiota composition can change in cycle of life which be affected by many factors likely iron The aim of this cross sectional study was to find the correlation between iron intake and serum ferritin with Bifidobacterium third trimester of pregnancy Data collection was conducted from March 2015 until April 2015 in all of sub district of public health centre in east Jakarta Subjects were obtained using consecutive sampling method A total of 52 pregnancy subjects had met the study criteria Data were collected through interviews including questionnare iron intake heme and non heme protein and vitamin C used semiquantitative FFQ Anthropometry measurementsto assess the nutritional status and laboratory examination i e blood levels of serum ferritin and CRP and Bifidobacterium in feces Mean age 29 1 5 9 years Median of intake of iron was 66 7 3 3 144 1 mg day serum ferritin was 31 1 3 6 96 1 g L and gut Bifidobacterium 7 45 5 1 9 5 log g feces No significant correlation was found between iron intake and Bifidobacterium in feces r 0 202 p 0 152 and negative correlations and no significant between serum ferritin and Bifidobacterium in feces (r=0, 116, p=0,411)

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Pneumocystis jirovecii adalah penyebab infeksi oportunistik di saluran pernapasan bawah pada individu dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh yang lemah, terutama pada pasien HIV. Pemeriksaan infeksi P.jirovecii di Indonesia masih berdasarkan pemeriksaan klinis dan mikroskopis, yang memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama, kurang sensitif dan spesifik. Karena alasan tersebut dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan uji molekuler real time PCR (rPCR) yang lebih sensitif dan spesifik. Uji rPCR telah berhasil dioptimasi dengan kemampuan deteksi minimum DNA 6,55 copy/μl dan tidak bereaksi silang dengan mikroorganisme yang diuji pada penelitian ini. Dibandingkan dengan uji mikroskopis, uji rPCR memberikan hasil positif 20% lebih tinggi daripada uji mikroskopis. Uji rPCR dapat mendeteksi P.jirovecii pada sampel klinis sputum dan sputum induksi dari pasien HIV dengan pneumonia dengan jumlah sel CD4+ > 200 maupun ≤ 200. Oleh karena itu, uji rPCR yang telah dioptimasi dalam studi ini dapat mendeteksi P.jirovecii pada sampel klinis sputum dan sputum induksi dari pasien HIV dengan pneumonia dengan jumlah sel CD4+ > 200 maupun ≤ 200

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ABSTRACT
Pneumocystis jirovecii is the cause of opportunistic infections in the lower respiratory tract in individuals with weakened immune systems, especially in patients with HIV. Examination P.jirovecii infection in Indonesia was based on clinical and microscopic examination, requiring considerable time, less sensitive and specific. Because of these reasons in this study developed a molecular test real time PCR (rPCR) is more sensitive and specific. rPCR test has been successfully optimized with minimum DNA detection capabilities 6.55 copy/μL and do not cross-react with the microorganisms were tested in this study. Compared with microscopic test, test rPCR gives positive result 20% higher than the microscopic test. rPCR test can detect P.jirovecii on clinical samples of sputum and sputum induction of HIV patients with pneumonia with CD4+ cell counts > 200 or ≤ 200. Therefore, rPCR test which has been optimized in this study can detect P.jirovecii in clinical sputum samples and sputum induction of HIV patients with pneumonia with CD4+ cell counts > 200 or ≤ 200

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Infeksi oleh bakteri Staphylococcus aureus terutama Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di seluruh dunia. Antibiotik pilihan untuk pengobatan MRSA sangat terbatas, salah satunya adalah vankomisin yang hanya tersedia dalam bentuk sediaan injeksi. Pengunaan yang terbatas hanya untuk infeksi sistemik dengan berbagai efek samping yang ditimbulkannya, menyebabkan perlu dipikirkan mencari antibiotik baru yang dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pilihan. Produk antibiotik dari tanaman seperti belimbing wuluh merupakan salah satu pilihan yang menjanjikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan fraksi jamur endofit yang paling berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai antibiotik untuk infeksi yang disebabkan oleh Staphylococcus aureus, termasuk MRSA. Jamur endofit diisolasi dari ranting belimbing wuluh yang diambil dari enam lokasi di Jabodetabek, menggunakan medium agar Sabouraud dengan kloramfenikol. Hasil uji dengan metode agar difusi didapatkan bahwa Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus merupakan isolat jamur endofit belimbing wuluh, yang paling berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai anti-stafilokokus Analisis selanjutnya dilakukan dengan metode ekstraksi dan fraksinasi. Crude ekstrak dan tiga fraksi dianalisis dengan Thin Layer Chromatography dan diuji kembali aktivitas anti-stafilokokus dengan metode agar difusi. Kandungan senyawa kimia dari crude extract dianalisis menggunakan uji Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry GC-MS . Hasil uji agar difusi memperlihatkan bahwa ketiga fraksi fraksi metanol, n-heksan dan etil asetat mempunyai daya hambat yang lebih baik dari crude extractnya terhadap Staphylococcus aureus, termasuk MRSA. Dibandingkan dengan vankomisin sebagai antibiotik pilihan MRSA, konsentrasi 5000 ppm ketiga fraksi memiliki aktivitas yang lebih baik, terutama fraksi n-heksan mempunyai daya hambat yang terbaik. Analisis senyawa kimia yang terkandung di dalam crude extract jamur Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus adalah asam lemak, yang beberapa dari senyawanya sudah pernah dilaporkan terbukti memiliki aktivitas antimikroba.

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ABSTRACT
Infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria especially Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA become primary health concern around the world. Antibiotics option for MRSA treatment is very limited, one of it is Vancomycin which only available in injection form. Limited usage of systemic infection with a variety of side effects, causing a need to find a new alternative option of antibiotics. Antibiotic product extracted from plants such as star fruit become a promising choice. The purpose of this research is to obtain a fraction of endophytic fungi which has the best potential for antibiotics development to treat infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA. Endophytic fungi isolated from star fruit branch which was taken from six locations at Jabodetabek, using Sabouraud agar with chloramphenicol as a medium. Test result from agar diffusion method shown that Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus, endophytic fungi isolated from star fruit has the best potential to be developed as anti staphylococcus. Further analysis was done using extraction and fractionation method. Crude extract and three fractions were analyzed using Thin Layer Chromatography and then tested again for anti staphylococcus activities using agar diffusion method. Chemical compound content from crude extract was analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry GC MS test. Agar diffusion test result shown that all three fractions methanol fraction, n hexane, and ethyl acetate have better resistance against Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA, compared to its crude extract. Compared to Vancomycin as antibiotic for MRSA, 5000 ppm concentration of all three fractions have better activity, especially n hexane fraction has the best activity. Analysis of chemical compound from a crude extract of Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus fungi shown contains of fatty acid, which several of its compounds had reportedly proven to have antimicrobe activity.

Abstrak :

Kriptokokosis merupakan infeksi jamur Cryptococcus sp. yang sering ditemukan pada individu imunokompromi. Infeksi tersebut dapat menyerang berbagai organ, termasuk otak, susunan saraf pusat dan paru.. Pemeriksaan langsung dan biakan dari bahan klinis memiliki sensitivitas rendah. Deteksi antigen glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) merupakan alternatif pemeriksaan untuk diagnosis kriptokokosis, biasanya dilakukan pada cairan otak dan serum. Pemeriksaan antigen GXM dengan metode lateral flow assay (LFA) telah menjadi uji point-of-care dalam diagnosis kriptokokosis otak dan diseminata. Penggunaan LFA untuk diagnosis kriptokokosis paru belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kegunaan uji LFA untuk diagnosis kriptokokosis paru. Penelitian berdisain potong lintang ini menyertakan pasien dengan gejala pneumonia pada beberapa rumah sakit di Jakarta dan sekitarnya sejak Maret-Oktober 2018. Pemeriksaan mikologi dilakukan di laboratorium Departemen Parasitologi FKUI menggunakan LFA IMMY dan LFA Dynamiker, serta pemeriksaan klasik. Dari 30 pasien yang diteliti, hasil pemeriksaan bahan sekreta paru (sputum/cairan pleura/BAL) menunjukkan semua hasilnya negatif dengan LFA IMMY. Adapun pemeriksaan LFA Dynamiker menunjukkan hasil positif pada empat pasien (13,3%). Profil klinis empat pasien dengan dugaan kriptokokosis paru pada penelitian ini menunjukkan batuk berdahak, nyeri dada, dan nodul paru. Hasil pemeriksaan pewarnaan tinta India menunjukkan hasil negatif, sedangkan biakan tidak ditemukan pertumbuhan Cryptococcus.

 

Kata kunci : pneumonia, Cryptococcus¸ lateral flow assay

 

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Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus sp. and often found in immune-compromised patients. Cryptococcus sp. can infect various organs such as brain, central nervous system and lung. Direct examination and culture of clinical samples are not sensitive in detecting pulmonary cryptococcosis. Detection of antigen glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) is an alternative to confirm the diagnosis of cryptococcosis, mostly examine from brain and sera.  The detection of GXM antigen using lateral flow assay (LFA) is recommended as point-of-care testing for the diagnosis of meningeal and disseminated cryptococcosis. However, diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis using LFA has never been reported. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the usefulness of the LFA test for the diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis

This cross-sectional study involved patients with pneumonia in several hospitals in Jakarta and its surrounding, from March-October 2018. All mycology tests, including LFA IMMY and LFA Dynamiker, were performed in the laboratory of  Parasitology Department, Faculty of  Medicine, Universitas Indonesia. Thirty pulmonary secreta including sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were collected from 30 patients. None of the samples showed positive result on LFA IMMY testing, whereas using LFA Dynamiker four samples (13,3%) were shown to be Cryptococcus antigen positive. The clinical manifestations of four suspected cryptococcosis patients were cough, chest pain, and pulmonary nodule. The fungal cultures using bird seed agar (BSA) did not show any positive result.

 

Keywords: pneumonia, Cryptococcus, lateral flow assay

 

Abstrak :
Karies gigi pada anak merupakan masalah kesehatan penting yang diderita lebih dari 89,16% anak Indonesia.Tingginya konsumsi makanan manis dan rendahnya kebiasaan menyikat gigi pada anak meningkatkan resiko terjadinya karies. Pada periode gigi campur (7-11 tahun) tetiadi peningkatan karies gigi. Karies daiam rongga mulut memberikan lingkungan yang baik bagi pertumbuhan mikroorganisme tennasuk Candida. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keragaman spesies dan jumlah koloni Candida da1am rongga mulut anak non karies dan karies pada usia 7-11 tahun. Untuk mengetahui hal tersebut telah dikumpulkan 112 sampel kumuran.Penentuan derajat karies dilakukan berdasarkan criteria WHO. Penentuan jumlah koloni dan keragaman spesies Candida dilakukan dengan menanam sampel pada agar sabouraud deslctrosa. agar kromogenik, agar staib, agar tajin dan uji asimilasi. Prevalensi karies penelitian ini sebesar 84,8 %, tetdiri atas karies ringan (41,1%), karles sedang (33,9%) dan karies berat (9 8%}, sisanya 15.2 % tanpa kartes. Selanjutnya, didapatkan prevalensi Candida dalam rongga mulut adalah 68,7%. Keragaman Candida pada anak non karies dan dengan karies didominasi oleh Candida albicans, diikuti Candida non C.albicans. Antara keragaman spesies dengan derajat karies tidak terdapat hubungan bennakaa (p?:0,05). Semakin tinggi derajat karies jumlah koloni Candida yang tllmbuh semakin banyak (p.::£0,05) namun jumlah koloni Candida menurun seiring dengan pertambahan usia (p:S0,05).

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Dental caries in children is a major public health problem. The prevalence of caries among children in Indonesia is around 89,16 %. The high preva1ence of caries is related to the high consumption of sugar and low prevalence of tooth brushing habit. The high prevalence of caries is also related with mixed dentistry period (7-11 years old). Dental caries accommodates the life of microorganisms including Candida. The aim of this study is to know the species variety of Candida in the oral cavity of children with caries and non caries in mixed dentistry period. Oral rinse from 112 children was collected and the type of caries was done based on WHO criteria. The species and its variety. colony forming unit, were detennined by plating the sampJes on Sabouraud dextrose agar and chromogenic media. The identification until species level was conducted by chromogenic media, and in continue with staib agar. rice cream-tween 80 and assimilation test {API AUX Bio Merieux: Prancis) if any doubtful result. The prevalence of caries in study is 84,8 o/o, consisted of light caries (41,1%), moderate caries (33,9%) and severe is 9,8%, while 15,2 % without caries. Moreover. the prevalence of Candida in the oral cavity is 68,7%.and the species identified mostly Candida albicans both in children with and without caries., followed by Candida non C. albicans. The relation between the variety of Candida species and the type of caries is not statistically significant (p?:0,05). The severe the caries the higher colony forming unit (p .05), but decreasing in older children of more than I0 years old (p,05).

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Pneumonia komunitas Community Acquired Pneumonia, CAP merupakan penyakit infeksi yang sering terjadi dan merupakan masalah kesehatan, menempati peringkat ke lima sebagai penyebab kematian global. Etiologi CAP dapat ditemukan hanya pada 30 ndash; 50 kasus menggunakan metode konvensional. Pemberian tatalaksana awal antibiotika pada CAP menggunakan metode terapi empirik berdasarkan educated guess atau data antibiogram lokal. Pewarnaan Gram sputum merupakan metode yang sederhana dan murah untuk secara cepat memperkirakan etiologi mikroba pneumonia. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara prospektif untuk melakukan evaluasi hasil pemeriksaan mikroskopik sputum dengan pewarnaan Gram untuk menetapkan dugaan etiologi pneumonia komunitas pada pasien rawat inap di RSUD Budhi Asih. Dari 100 sampel sputum yang sudah diseleksi kelayakannya, dinilai lagi kelayakannya menurut kriteria ASM 94 sampel , Bartlett rsquo;s 100 sampel dan Musher dkk 96 sampel . Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan kultur, PCR dari 100 sampel, 65 sampel diketahui penyebabnya, sedangkan 35 sampel tidak diketahui, namun 10 diantaranya BTA positif. Patogen yang ditemukan adalah Klebsiella pneumoniae 29,6 , Acinetobacter baumanii 10,2 , Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Staphyloccocus aureus 4,6 , Moraxella catarrhalis 3,7 , Enterobacter aerogenes dan Escherichia coli 2,8 , Streptococcus pneumoniae dan Mycoplasma pneumoniae 1,9 , Citrobacter koseri 0,9 . Penilaian kelayakan sputum dapat menggunakan kriteria Bartlett rsquo;s karena kriteria ini yang lebih longgar sehingga penolakan spesimen sputum lebih sedikit dan hasil yang didapat tidak berbeda secara signifikan

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ABSTRACT
Community Acquired Pneumonia CAP is an infectious disease that often occurs and is a health problem, ranked fifth as the cause of global death. The etiology of CAP can be found in only 30 50 of cases using conventional methods. Administration of early antibiotic treatment in CAP using empirical therapy method, based on educated guess or local antibiogram data. Sputum Gram staining is a simple, rapid and cheap method to estimate the etiology of bacterial pneumonia. This study was conducted prospectively to evaluate the results of sputum microscopic examination with Gram staining to establish the alleged etiology of community acquired pneumonia in inpatients at RSUD Budhi Asih. From 100 selected sputum samples eligible, they were re assessed according to ASM criteria 94 samples , Bartlett 39 s 100 samples and Musher et al 96 samples . After culture examination and PCR detection from100 samples, 65 samples can be identified the etiology, while 35 samples cannot be identified, but 10 samples are positive AFB. Pathogens found were Klebsiella pneumoniae 29,6 , Acinetobacter baumanii 10,2 , Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphyloccocus aureus 4,6 , Moraxella catarrhalis 3,7 , Enterobacter aerogenes and Escherichia coli 2,8 , Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae 1,9 , Citrobacter koseri 0,9 . Assessment of sputum eligibility may use Bartlett 39 s criteria, since it more flexible criteria so that fewer sputum specimens will be rejected and the results obtained do not significantly differ

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Pada trimester ketiga terjadi peningkatan patogen yang dapat disebabkan oleh gangguan kerja imunitas usus akibat defisiensi seng, sehingga menekan pertumbuhan Bifidobacterium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara kadar seng serum dan jumlah Bifidobacterium usus pada kehamilan trimester ketiga. Desain: Studi potong lintang pada 52 wanita hamil ≥32 minggu, berusia 19–44 tahun dan memenuhi kriteria penelitian di 10 Puskesmas Kacamatan Jakarta Timur. Dinilai asupan seng dan besi menggunakan SQ-FFQ. Asupan protein, lemak dan total kalori menggunakan 2x24 hours food recall. Dilakukan pengukuran seng serum dan penghitungan Bifidobacterium usus. Hasil: Didapatkan asupan seng kurang dengan rerata 8,74±3,90 mg/hari. Defisiensi seng didapatkan pada 75% subjek. Jumlah Bifidobacterium usus subjek memiliki median sebesar 7,7 (5,12–9,50) log sel/gram. Kelompok defisiensi seng memiliki nilai median yang lebih rendah. Uji korelasi didapatkan nilai r=0,04 dengan p=0,81. Kesimpulan: Tidak ditemukan korelasi antara kadar seng serum dan jumlah Bifidobacterium usus kehamilan trimester ketiga.

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Background: Numbers of pathogen were increases in the third trimester of pregnancy that can be caused by impairment of gut immune function due to zinc serum deficiency, thereby suppressing the growth of Bifidobacterium. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between zinc serum levels and gut Bifidobacterium numbers in the third trimester of pregnancy. Design: A cross-sectional study recruited 52 pregnant women among 19–44 years old with gestational age ≥32 weeks and met the study criteria were conducted in 10 Community Health Center at East Jakarta. Dietary intake such as zinc and iron through SQ-FFQ, protein, fat and total calories using 2x24 hours food recall were assessed. Measurement of serum zinc level and quantification of gut Bifidobacterium numbers were generated. Results: The entire subject had poor zinc intake with mean value 8,74±3,90 mg/day. Zinc deficiency was found in 75% subjects. Median number of gut Bifidobacterium was 7,7 (5,12–9,50) log cell/gram and subjects with zinc deficiency had lower median value. Correlation test score r=0,04 and p=0,81. Conclusion: There was no correlation between serum zinc levels and gut Bifidobacterium numbers in the third trimester of pregnancy.