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Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Penderita hipertensi yang rutin mengonsumsi obat antihipertensi memiliki resiko lebih tinggi untuk mengalami karies gigi. Kapasitas buffer menjadi salah satu faktor protektif utama gigi terhadap karies gigi karena kapasitas buffer yang ada di dalam saliva berfungsi sebagai penetralisir pH dalam rongga mulut. Mengonsumsi obat antihipertensi dapat menimbulkan efek samping berupa pengurangan sekresi saliva (serostomia). Kapasitas buffer saliva berhubungan erat dengan laju aliran saliva pada rongga mulut. Ketika laju aliran saliva pada individu menurun, maka kapasitas buffer pada juga akan menurun. Tujuan: Menganalisis perbedaan kapasitas buffer saliva terstimulasi pada kelompok yang mengonsumsi obat antihipertensi amlodipin dan yang tidak mengonsumsi obat antihipertensi amlodipn. Metode: Saliva terstimulasi 30 individu yang mengonsumsi obat antihipertensi amlodipin (subjek) dan 30 individu yang tidak mengonsumsi obat antihipertensi amlodipin (kontrol) dikumpulkan dengan cara mengunyah non-flavoured parafin wax untuk kemudian diukur kapasitas buffer nya dengan menggunakan buffer test foil pack. Hasil: Terjadi perbedaan bermakna pada kapasitas buffer saliva tersimulasi antara kelompok subjek dan kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulan: kapasitas buffer dalam saliva terstimulai pada kelompok subjek [6.0 ( 4 – 9 )] lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol [9.5 ( 7 – 12 )] yang mana berdasarkan analisis statistik, hal tersebut berbeda bermakna secara signifikan. ......Background: Hypertension patients who routinely take antihypertensive drugs have a higher risk to suffer from dental caries. Buffer capacity is one of the main protective factors of teeth against dental caries because buffer capacity in saliva functions as a neutralizing pH in the oral cavity. Taking antihypertensive drugs can cause side effects such as reduced salivary secretion (xerostomia). Buffer capacity in saliva is related to the flow rate of saliva in the oral cavity. When the salivary flow rate in an individual decreases, the buffer capacity of that individual will also decrease. Objective: to analyze the difference of buffer capacity stimulated saliva in the group whose taking amlodipine and those who did not take amlodipine. Method: Stimulated saliva of 30 individu who consumed amlodipine (subjects) and 30 individu who doesn’t experience hypertensive (controls) were collected by chewing non-flavored paraffin wax and then buffer capacity was measured by using a buffer test foil pack. Result: There were significant differences in the buffer capacity of stimulated saliva between the subject and control groups. Conlusion: the buffer capacity in the subject group [6.0 (4-9)] is lower than the control group [9.5 (7-12)] which is significantly different by statistical analysis.

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ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang. P.gingivalis merupakan bakteri periodonsium yang dapat berpindah ke saluran akar pada lesi endoperio kombinasi murni. Jumlah dan proporsinya berperan terhadap keparahan penyakit karena sifat virulensinya. Tujuan: Menganalisis jumlah dan proporsi P.gingivalis saluran akar dan poket lesi endoperio kombinasi murni, lesi endo primer, dan lesi perio primer. Metode: 16 sampel diambil dari 3 kelompok, kuantifikasi dengan PCR real-time. Hasil: Jumlah P.gingivalis terbesar pada poket lesi perio primer, proporsi P.gingivalis terbesar pada saluran akar lesi endo primer. Jumlah dan proporsi P.gingivalis tidak berbeda bermakna antara saluran akar dan poket lesi endoperio kombinasi murni. Kesimpulan. Jumlah dan proporsi P.gingivalis sebanding antara saluran akar dan poket lesi endoperio kombinasi murni. ABSTRACT
Background : P.gingivalis is a periodontium pathogen that can be transferred to the root canal of the true combined endoperio lesions. Quantity and proportion takes part in the severity of the disease because of its virulence. Objective: to analyze the quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis in the root canals and pocket of true combined endoperio lesions, primary endodontic lesions, and primary periodontal lesions. Methods 16 samples were taken from 3 groups, quantification with real-time PCR. Results : P.gingivalis largest quantity was found in pockets of primary periodontal lesions, P.gingivalis largest proportion was found in root canals of primary endodontic lesions. There were no significant differences in quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis in root canals and pockets of true combined endoperio lesions. Conclusion. Quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis were comparable between the root canals and pockets of true combined endoperio lesions. ;Background : P.gingivalis is a periodontium pathogen that can be transferred to the root canal of the true combined endoperio lesions. Quantity and proportion takes part in the severity of the disease because of its virulence. Objective: to analyze the quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis in the root canals and pocket of true combined endoperio lesions, primary endodontic lesions, and primary periodontal lesions. Methods 16 samples were taken from 3 groups, quantification with real-time PCR. Results : P.gingivalis largest quantity was found in pockets of primary periodontal lesions, P.gingivalis largest proportion was found in root canals of primary endodontic lesions. There were no significant differences in quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis in root canals and pockets of true combined endoperio lesions. Conclusion. Quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis were comparable between the root canals and pockets of true combined endoperio lesions. ;Background : P.gingivalis is a periodontium pathogen that can be transferred to the root canal of the true combined endoperio lesions. Quantity and proportion takes part in the severity of the disease because of its virulence. Objective: to analyze the quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis in the root canals and pocket of true combined endoperio lesions, primary endodontic lesions, and primary periodontal lesions. Methods 16 samples were taken from 3 groups, quantification with real-time PCR. Results : P.gingivalis largest quantity was found in pockets of primary periodontal lesions, P.gingivalis largest proportion was found in root canals of primary endodontic lesions. There were no significant differences in quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis in root canals and pockets of true combined endoperio lesions. Conclusion. Quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis were comparable between the root canals and pockets of true combined endoperio lesions. ;Background : P.gingivalis is a periodontium pathogen that can be transferred to the root canal of the true combined endoperio lesions. Quantity and proportion takes part in the severity of the disease because of its virulence. Objective: to analyze the quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis in the root canals and pocket of true combined endoperio lesions, primary endodontic lesions, and primary periodontal lesions. Methods 16 samples were taken from 3 groups, quantification with real-time PCR. Results : P.gingivalis largest quantity was found in pockets of primary periodontal lesions, P.gingivalis largest proportion was found in root canals of primary endodontic lesions. There were no significant differences in quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis in root canals and pockets of true combined endoperio lesions. Conclusion. Quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis were comparable between the root canals and pockets of true combined endoperio lesions. ;Background : P.gingivalis is a periodontium pathogen that can be transferred to the root canal of the true combined endoperio lesions. Quantity and proportion takes part in the severity of the disease because of its virulence. Objective: to analyze the quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis in the root canals and pocket of true combined endoperio lesions, primary endodontic lesions, and primary periodontal lesions. Methods 16 samples were taken from 3 groups, quantification with real-time PCR. Results : P.gingivalis largest quantity was found in pockets of primary periodontal lesions, P.gingivalis largest proportion was found in root canals of primary endodontic lesions. There were no significant differences in quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis in root canals and pockets of true combined endoperio lesions. Conclusion. Quantity and proportion of P.gingivalis were comparable between the root canals and pockets of true combined endoperio lesions.

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ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : Enterococcus faecalis merupakan bakteri yang mampu membentuk biofilm dan banyak ditemukan pada kasus kelainan periapeks. Tujuan : Melihat daya antibakteri campuran triantibiotik dibandingkan dengan klorheksidin 2% terhadap E. faecalis dalam biofilm. Metode : Menilai kekeruhan larutan E. faecalis dalam biofilm pasca pemaparan bahan uji, dengan ELISA reader. Hasil : Terdapat daya antibakteri campuran triantibiotik terhadap biofilm bakteri E. faecalis tetapi tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna dengan klorheksidin 2% (p>0.05). Kesimpulan : Daya antibakteri campuran triantibiotik terhadap biofilm E. faecalis sebanding dengan klorheksidin 2%. ABSTRACT
Background : Enterococcus faecalis has the ability to form biofilm and is often found in cases of periapical lesions. Aim: To analyze the effectivity of triantibiotic mixture compared to 2% chlorhexidine against biofilm of E. faecalis. Method : Score the turbidity of E. faecalis in biofilm after immersion in antibacterial agent, with ELISA reader. Result : Triantibiotic mixture has antibacterial effectivity against E. faecalis biofilm but has no significant difference compared to 2% chlorhexidine (p>0.05). Conclusion : Antibacterial effectivity of triantibiotic mixture against E. faecalis biofilm is equal to2% chlorhexidine. ;Background : Enterococcus faecalis has the ability to form biofilm and is often found in cases of periapical lesions. Aim: To analyze the effectivity of triantibiotic mixture compared to 2% chlorhexidine against biofilm of E. faecalis. Method : Score the turbidity of E. faecalis in biofilm after immersion in antibacterial agent, with ELISA reader. Result : Triantibiotic mixture has antibacterial effectivity against E. faecalis biofilm but has no significant difference compared to 2% chlorhexidine (p>0.05). Conclusion : Antibacterial effectivity of triantibiotic mixture against E. faecalis biofilm is equal to2% chlorhexidine. ;Background : Enterococcus faecalis has the ability to form biofilm and is often found in cases of periapical lesions. Aim: To analyze the effectivity of triantibiotic mixture compared to 2% chlorhexidine against biofilm of E. faecalis. Method : Score the turbidity of E. faecalis in biofilm after immersion in antibacterial agent, with ELISA reader. Result : Triantibiotic mixture has antibacterial effectivity against E. faecalis biofilm but has no significant difference compared to 2% chlorhexidine (p>0.05). Conclusion : Antibacterial effectivity of triantibiotic mixture against E. faecalis biofilm is equal to2% chlorhexidine. ;Background : Enterococcus faecalis has the ability to form biofilm and is often found in cases of periapical lesions. Aim: To analyze the effectivity of triantibiotic mixture compared to 2% chlorhexidine against biofilm of E. faecalis. Method : Score the turbidity of E. faecalis in biofilm after immersion in antibacterial agent, with ELISA reader. Result : Triantibiotic mixture has antibacterial effectivity against E. faecalis biofilm but has no significant difference compared to 2% chlorhexidine (p>0.05). Conclusion : Antibacterial effectivity of triantibiotic mixture against E. faecalis biofilm is equal to2% chlorhexidine.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Affected dentin merupakan lapisan yang masih dapat terjadi remineralisasi karena masih terdapat ikatan silang kolagen dan prosesus odontoblastik yang masih vital yang merupakan syarat terjadinya remineralisasi. Terdapat dua metode remineralisasi, yaitu metode konvensional dan guided tissue remineralization GTR . Pada metode konvensional hanya dapat terjadi remineralisasi secara ekstrafibrillar. Sedangkan pada metode GTR memiliki keunggulan yaitu dapat terjadi remineralisasi secara ekstrafibrillar dan intrafibrillar. Beberapa penelitian melaporkan bahwa mineralisasi intrafibrillar dapat meningkatkan properti mekanis dari dentin.Pada metode GTR dibutuhkan peran protein non kolagen, yaitu DMP 1. Namun karena proses karies, maka sebagian DMP 1 mengalami kerusakan sehingga dibutuhkan material analog protein non-kolagen, salah satunya adalah Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Amorphous Calcium Phosphate CMC/ACP . Tujuan: Mengevaluasi terjadinya remineralisasi intrafibrillar pada permukaan demineralized dentin setelah aplikasi material analog protein non-kolagen CMC/ACP. Metode: Empat kelompok dilakukan demineralisasi buatan, dalam satu gigi terdapat dua kavitas, salah satu kavitas diaplikasikan material CMC/ACP, sedangkan kavitas lainnya tidak diaplikasikan CMC/ACP. Sampel diperiksa pada hari ke-7 dan ke-14 dengan Transmission Electron Microscope TEM . Hasil: Terlihat peningkatan kadar kalsium dan fosfat setelah aplikasi CMC/ACP pada hari ke-7 dan ke-14.Kesimpulan: CMC/ACP memiliki potensi untuk meremineralisasi demineralized dentin. ......Background Affected dentin is a layer which can be remineralized due to the presence of cross linked collagen and a living odontoblastic process a key to remineralization. There are two methods of remineralization convensional and guided tissue remineralization GTR . In conventional methods, only extrafibrillar remineralization occurs. GTR resulting intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar remineralization. Intrafibrillar remineralization improves physical properties of dentin. GTR is a method of collagen dentin remineralization using non collagen protein, Dentin Matrix Protein 1 DMP 1 . DMP 1 is damaged due to caries process. Carboxymethyl Chitosan Amorphous Calcium Phosphate CMC ACP has similar function with DMP 1. Aim To evaluate intrafibrillar remineralization on demineralized dentin after application non collagen protein analog CMC ACP. Method Four groups performed artificial demineralization two of which applied CMC ACP material. Whereas, the other group was not applied CMC ACP. Evaluation of intrafibrillar remineralization with Transmission electron Microscope TEM . Result After 7 days and 14 days CMC ACP application, intrafibrillar remineralization was observed in the gap zone. Conclusion CMC ACP has a potential for intrafibrillar remineralization on demineralized dentin.

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ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Ketahanan ikatan resin komposit-dentin merupakan salah satu penentu keberhasilan restorasi resin komposit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis efek klorheksidin terhadap degradasi kekuatan ikat resin kompositdentin. Metode: Dua puluh empat sampel dentin yang diambil dari mahkota gigi premolar, dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok yang diberikan perlakuan berbeda. Kelompok I diberi perlakuan bahan bonding tanpa klorheksidin, kelompok II diberi perlakuan klorheksidin dan bonding, kelompok III diberi perlakuan bonding mengandung klorheksidin, pada tiap kelompok dibagi menjadi 2 sub-kelompok yaitu kelompok tanpa direndam dan kelompok yang direndam NaOCl 10% selama satu jam, sehingga didapat enam sub-kelompok. Kemudian seluruh kelompok di ukur kekuatan ikat gesernya menggunakan Universal Testing Machine. Satu sampel dari setiap sub-kelompok dilakukan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Data dianalisa statistik dengan uji hipotesis Kruskal Wallis yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil: rerata kekuatan ikat geser sebelum perendaman NaOCl 10% tertinggi kelompok I sedangkan rerata kekuatan ikat geser setelah perendaman NaOCl 10% tertinggi pada kelompok III. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok I terhadap kelompok II dan antara kelompok II terhadap kelompok III. Kesimpulan: Klorheksidin mempunyai efek terhadap pengurangan degradasi kekuatan ikat geser resin komposit-dentin.

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ABSTRACT
Background: Resilience of composite resin-dentin bonding known as one of success composite resin restoration determinants. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of chlorhexidine on reducing the degradation of composite resin-dentin shear bond strength. Methods: Twenty-four premolar crowns were divided into three groups then given different treatments. Group I was treated material bonding without chlorhexidine, group II was treated with chlorhexidine and bonding, group III was treated with chlorhexidine-contained bonding. Each group was divided into two sub-groups: the group without immersion of NaOCl 10% and the group with immersion of NaOCl 10% for one hour, then it were obtained six sub-groups. After twenty-four hours, shear bond strengths measured using Universal Testing Machine. A sample of each group was photographed with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Statistical analysis was done by Kruskal Wallis test, then followed by Mann Whitney test to determine significance between groups. Results: The mean value of shear bond strength before immersion of NaOCl 10% was highest on Group I, while the mean value of shear bond strength after immersion of NaOCl 10% was highest on Group III. There are significant differences between Group I with Group II and between Group II with Group III. Conclusion: Chlorhexidine have an effect on reducing the degradation of shear bond strength of resin-dentin bonding

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Kerapatan pengisian saluran akar merupakan hal yang penting bagi kesuksesan perawatan saluran akar. Pengambilan gutaperca dan preparasi pasak pada restorasi gigi pasca PSA dapat mengganggu kerapatan bahan pengisi yang tersisa. Siler saluran akar sebaiknya dapat mempertahankan kerapatan bahan pengisi setelah dilakukan pembuangan gutaperca dan preparasi pasak. Siler epoksi telah digunakan secara luas karena memiliki sifat adhesif dan kerapatan yang baik dengan dinding saluran akar. Baru-baru ini siler MTA juga telah dikembangkan dan dikatakan memiliki sifat adhesif dan kerapatan yang baik. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kerapatan sepertiga apeks pengisian saluran akar dengan siler epoksi dan siler MTA setelah dilakukan preparasi pasak. Metode: Preparasi saluran akar dilakukan pada empat puluh gigi manusia dengan saluran akar tunggal dan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok secara acak, yaitu kelompok siler epoksi (SE) dan siler MTA (SM). Preparasi saluran akar dilakukan dengan ProTaper rotary, dan irigasi NaOCl 2,5% dan EDTA cair 17%. Preparasi pasak dengan peeso reamer dilakukan 7 hari pasca pengisian dengan menyisakan bahan pengisi sepanjang 5 mm di bagian apeks. Kerapatan sisa bahan pengisi diukur dengan menghitung penetrasi tinta pada sampel yang telah ditransparansi. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan mikroskop stereo perbesaran 20 kali. Skor 1 untuk penetrasi tinta 0-0,5 mm, skor 2 untuk penetrasi tinta 0,51-1mm, dan skor 3 untuk penetrasi tinta >1 mm. Hasil: Data penetrasi tinta pada kelompok SE: skor 1 sebanyak 35%, skor 2 sebanyak 30%, dan skor 3 sebanyak 35%. Sedangkan pada kelompok SM skor 1 sebanyak 25%, skor 2 sebanyak 30%, dan skor 3 sebanyak 45%. Uji Chi-Square menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan kerapatan yang tidak bermakna antara kelompok SE dan SM. Kesimpulan: Pengisian sepertiga apeks pasca preparasi pasak pada kelompok siler epoksi lebih rapat dibandingkan kelompok siler MTA, namun keduanya tidak berbeda bermakna. ......Background: Root canal obturation sealing ability is an important part of endodontic success. Restoration of endodontically treated teeth may sometimes need post and core. Post preparation procedure requires partial removal of the root canal filling to prepare adequate space for the post and retention of the intra canal post. Root canal sealer should be able to maintain obturation seal. Epoxy sealer has been widely used because its adhesive properties and sealing ability. Recently MTA sealer has also been developed and according to the manufacturer, MTA sealer also has adhesive properties and good sealing ability. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the sealing ability of apical third of the root canal a with epoxy sealer and MTA sealer after post preparation. Methods: Root canal preparation was performed on forty human teeth with a crown down technique; irrigation with 2,5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA, and lubrication with RC-Prep were used. The canals were then filled with gutta-percha and root canal sealer utilizing a cold lateral condensation technique. MTA Fillapex or AH-Plus were used in the experimental groups. The teeth were cleared with Robertson technique and examined under a stereomicroscope. Post preparation was performed with peeso reamer 7 days after obturation. Residual seal was measured by counting dye leakage. Observations were made with a stereo microscope magnification of 20 times. Score 1 for ink penetration 0-0.5 mm, a score of 2 to 0.51 - 1mm dye leakage, and a score of 3 for dye leakage > 1 mm. Results: Dye leakage on the SE group: score1 : 35 %, score 2: 30 %, and score 3: 35 %. While the SM group: score 1: 25 %, score 2: 30 %, and score 3: 45 %. Chi-Square test showed no significant differences in density between the SE and SM group. Conclusion: Dye leakage demonstrated that SE group show less leakage than SM group. Chi-Square test show there is no significant difference between both group.

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Latar Belakang : Enterococcus faecalis merupakan bakteri yang mampu membentuk biofilm dan banyak ditemukan pada kasus kegagalan perawatan saluran akar. Tujuan : Melihat daya antibakteri kitosan dan klorheksidin terhadap E. faecalis dalam biofilm. Metode : Deteksi dan kuantifikasi E. faecalis dalam biofilm yang hidup pasca pemaparan bahan uji, dengan real time PCR. Hasil : Terdapat perbedaan jumlah bakteri yang signifikan antara kedua kelompok bahan uji terhadap kontrol (p ≤ 0,05), tetapi tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok kitosan dan klorheksidin. Kesimpulan : Daya antibakteri kitosan 2% terhadap biofilm E. faecalis sebanding dengan klorheksidin 2%. ......Background : Enterococcus faecalis has an ability to form biofilms and become a predominant bacteria that plays a major role in the etiology of persistent lesions after root canal treatment. Aim : To analyze the efficacy of chitosan and chlorhexidine against E. faecalis in biofilms. Methods : Detection and quantification of E. faecalis DNA that survive and live after immersing the biofilm in antibacterial solution, with real time PCR. Result : Statistically there is significant difference of living E. faecalis between chitosan and control and between 2% chlorhexidine and control (p ≤0,05). But there is no significant different between chitosan and chlorhexidine (p>0,05). Conclusion : Antibacterial effectivity of chitosan is equal to chlorhexidine against E. faecalis in biofilm.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Penglepasan ion kalsium oleh material bioaktif dapat berperan penting dalam peningkatan pH yang diperlukan dalam aktivitas antibakteri dan remineralisasi jaringan keras gigi. Tujuan: untuk menganalisis pelepasan ion kalsium dan peningkatan pH dari MTA modifikasi dan Bioceramic pada periode waktu 1,48,168 jam. Metode: Sampel n=30 dipersiapkan dengan ukuran diameter 3 mm tinggi 3 mm, terdiri dari 15 sampel MTA modifikasi, 15 sampel Bioceramic direndam dalam air deionisasi 1,48,168 jam diukur kadar pelepasan ion kalsium menggunakan AAS dan nilai pH menggunakan pHmeter, Uji Kruskal Wallis dan Mann Whitney. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna diantara semua kelompok dengan nilai signifikansi p le;0,05. Kesimpulan: Bioceramic terbukti melepaskan ion kalsium dan peningkatan pH lebih besar dibandingkan dengan MTA modifikasi pada waktu pengukuran 1,48,168 ......Background: Calcium ion release can promote alkalinizing activity and regeneration. Objective: To analyze calcium ion release and pH changes from modified MTA and Bioceramics as bioactive material. Methods: 30 samples are prepared with the size of 3 mm in diameter and 3 mm in height. The samples are consist of 15 of modified MTA and 15 of bioceramics. And then immersed in deionized water for an hour which will then be measured in 1, 48, and 168 hours period. And measured atom absorption sphectropometer and pHmeter. Result: Mann Whitney post hoc rsquo s statistic test result showed a significant discrepancy among all groups, with the significant value of p le 0,05. Conclusion: Bioceramics was proven to release more calcium ions and more pH elevation compared to modified MTA during the 1 hour, 48 hour, and 168 hours measurements.

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Latar Belakang: Affected dentin merupakan lapisan yang masih dapat terjadi remineralisasi karena masih terdapat ikatan silang kolagen dan prosesus odontoblastik yang masih vital yang merupakan syarat terjadinya remineralisasi. Terdapat dua metode remineralisasi, yaitu metode konvensional dan guided tissue remineralization GTR. Pada metode konvensional hanya dapat terjadi remineralisasi secara ekstrafibrillar. Sedangkan pada metode GTR memiliki keunggulan yaitu dapat terjadi remineralisasi secara ekstrafibrillar dan intrafibrillar. Beberapa penelitian melaporkan bahwa mineralisasi intrafibrillar dapat meningkatkan properti mekanis dari dentin. Pada metode GTR dibutuhkan peran protein non kolagen, yaitu DMP 1. Namun karena proses karies, maka sebagian DMP 1 mengalami kerusakan sehingga dibutuhkan material analog protein non-kolagen, salah satunya adalah Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Amorphous Calcium Phosphate CMC/ACP. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi terjadinya remineralisasi intrafibrillar pada permukaan demineralized dentin setelah aplikasi material analog protein non-kolagen CMC/ACP. Metode: Empat kelompok dilakukan demineralisasi buatan, dalam satu gigi terdapat dua kavitas, salah satu kavitas diaplikasikan material CMC/ACP, sedangkan kavitas lainnya tidak diaplikasikan CMC/ACP. Sampel diperiksa pada hari ke-7 dan ke-14 dengan Transmission Electron Microscope TEM. Hasil: Terlihat peningkatan kadar kalsium dan fosfat setelah aplikasi CMC/ACP pada hari ke-7 dan ke-14. Kesimpulan: CMC/ACP memiliki potensi untuk meremineralisasi demineralized dentin. ......Affected dentin is a layer which can be remineralized due to the presence of cross linked collagen and a living odontoblastic process a key to remineralization. There are two methods of remineralization convensional and guided tissue remineralization GTR. In conventional methods, only extrafibrillar remineralization occurs. GTR resulting intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar remineralization. Intrafibrillar remineralization improves physical properties of dentin. GTR is a method of collagen dentin remineralization using non collagen protein, Dentin Matrix Protein 1 DMP 1. DMP 1 is damaged due to caries process. Carboxymethyl Chitosan Amorphous Calcium Phosphate CMC ACP has similar function with DMP 1. Aim: To evaluate intrafibrillar remineralization on demineralized dentin after application non collagen protein analog CMC ACP. Method: Four groups performed artificial demineralization two of which applied CMC ACP material. Whereas, the other group was not applied CMC ACP. Evaluation of intrafibrillar remineralization with Transmission electron Microscope TEM. Result: After 7 days and 14 days CMC ACP application, intrafibrillar remineralization was observed in the gap zone. Conclusion CMC ACP has a potential for intrafibrillar remineralization on demineralized dentin.

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Latar Belakang: Resin komposit nanofiller merupakan resin komposit yang menggunakan filler nanomerik dan nanocluster, yang partikelnya saling berikatan kovalen satu sama lain, sehingga fillernya seperti buah anggur yang padat. Sedangkan resin komposit nanohibrid merupakan resin komposit dengan filler gabungan, yakni filler nanofil sampai makrofil. Dengan peningkatan komposisi pada resin komposit nanofiller dan nanohibrid diharapkan memiliki stabilitas warna yang baik. Stabilitas warna resin komposit dapat dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor, yakni faktor instrinsik dan ekstrinsik yang saling memengaruhi satu sama lain. Untuk menilai stabilitas warna resin komposit dapat dievaluasi dengan menggunakan beberapa uji,yakni; uji perubahan warna, pelepasan filler barium, penyerapan air, pelepasan matriks resin, dan uji kekasaran permukaan. Tujuan: Menganalisis perbandingan stabilitas warna resin komposit nanofiller dan nanohibrid. Metode: Terdapat 20 spesimen yang dibagi kedalam 4 kelompok. Kelompok I (nanofiller) dan II (nanohibrid) sebagai kelompok kontrol yang direndam didalam saliva buatan, sedangkan kelompok III (nanofiller) dan IV (nanohibrid) diberikan perlakuan perendaman kunyit, kopi dan penyikatan gigi. Masing-masing kelompok dianalisis perubahan warna dan jumlah filler barium sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan akhir dengan menggunakan colourimeter dan FESEM/EDX. Terdapat 2 kelompok tambahan lainnya untuk penyerapan air sebagai data pendukung perubahan warna dan pelepasan filler barium. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna dalam hal perubahan warna, pelepasan filler barium dan penyerapan air pada resin komposit nanofiller dan nanohibrid dengan nilai kemaknaan ( p < 0,05). Terdapat hubungan terjadinya perubahan warna dan pelepasan filler barium, dengan kekuatan korelasi sebesar 64,7% (korelasi kuat) dan dengan nilai kemaknaan (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan: Stabilitas warna resin komposit nanofiller lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan resin komposit nanohibrid. ......Background: The nanofiller composite resin is a composite resin that uses nanomeric and nanocluster fillers, whose particles are covalently bonded to each other, so that the filler is like a dense grape. Nanohibrid composite resin is a composite resin with combined fillers; nano fillers to macrofiller. The increase in composition of nanofiller and nanohibrid composite resins it is expected to have good colour stability. The colour stability of composite resin can be influenced by two factors; intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence each other. To assess the colour stability of composite resins can be evaluated using several tests; colour change test, leaching of barium filler, water sorption, leaching of resin, and surface roughness test. Objective: To analyze the comparison of colour stability in nanofiller and nanohibrid composite resins. Methods: There were 20 specimens divided into 4 groups. Group I (nanofiller) and II (nanohibrid) as a control group were immersed in artificial saliva, while group III (nanofiller) and IV (nanohibrid) were immersed in a solution of turmeric, coffee and brushing with toothbrush. Each group analyzed the number of barium fillers and the colour change before and after the final treatment using EDX/FESEM and colourimeter. There are 2 other additional and different groups for water sorption as supporting data for colour change and leaching of barium fillers. Results: There were significant differences in colour change, leaching of barium filler and water absorption in nanofiller and nanohibrid composite resins with significance values (p <0.05). There was a correlation between the colour change and the leaching of barium filler in composite resins with a correlation strength of 64.7% (strong correlation) with significance value (p <0.05). Conclusion: The colour stability of nanofiller composite resins is better compared to nanohibrid composite resins.