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Abstrak :
Kelompok Actinobacteria berfilamen merupakan bakteri Gram positif yang beberapa anggotanya diketahui memiliki kemampuan mendegradasi selulosa dengan menghasilkan selulase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan tumbuh isolat Actinobacteria-like GL1-2, GL1-9, dan GL1-12 pada variasi media agar (ISP 1, ISP 2, ISP 3, dan modified Bennett’s) dan suhu (25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, dan 55°C), serta mengetahui kemampuan selulolitiknya pada substrat 1% CMC di berbagai suhu (30, 35, 40, 45, 50, dan 55°C). Kemampuan selulolitik diuji dengan menginokulasi biakan pada medium agar minimal (Mm) dengan penambahan 1% CMC, kemudian diinkubasi pada berbagai suhu selama 3, 7, dan 14 hari. Kemampuan selulolitik diamati dengan terbentuknya zona bening di sekitar koloni setelah ditetesi 0,1% Congo red dan dibilas dengan larutan NaCl 1 M. Isolat GL1-2 dan GL1-9 menunjukkan pertumbuhan miselium substrat dalam jumlah banyak pada semua medium yang diuji, namun sporulasi penuh hanya teramati pada medium ISP 1 agar dan MBA. Isolat GL1-12 menunjukkan pertumbuhan miselium substrat yang baik kecuali pada medium ISP 2 agar, namun sporulasi hanya teramati pada medium ISP 3 agar. Suhu pertumbuhan isolat GL1-2 dan GL1-9 berkisar antara 30--55°C, sedangkan GL1-12 berkisar antara 35--55°C. Hasil uji kemampuan selulolitik menunjukkan bahwa isolat GL1-2 dan GL19 memiliki kemampuan mendegradasi 1% CMC pada suhu 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, dan 55°C. Isolat GL1-12 memiliki kemampuan selulolitik pada suhu 40, 45, 50, dan 55°C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga isolat Actinobacteria-like dari serasah di kawasan sumber air panas gunung Galunggung memiliki potensi menghasilkan enzim selulase di berbagai suhu yang diuji. ......Members of Gram-positive filamentous Actinobacteria are some recognized for their ability to degrade cellulose by producing cellulase. This study aimed to determine the growth ability of three Actinobacteria-like isolates (designated isolates GL1-2, GL19, and GL1-12) obtained from litter samples of mount Galunggung hot spring, Tasikmalaya, West Java, on various agar media (ISP 1, ISP 2, ISP 3, and modified Bennett’s) and temperatures (25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55°C), along with their cellulolytic ability on 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as substrate. Cellulolytic ability was tested by inoculating the cultures on minimal (Mm) agar plates with the addition of 1% CMC, and incubated at various temperatures (30, 35, 40, 45, 50, and 55°C) for 3, 7, and 14-days. Cellulolytic ability was observed as formation of clear zone surrounding the colonies after being flooded with 0.1% Congo red and rinsed with 1 M NaCl solution. The results showed that isolates GL1-2 and GL1-9 have abundant substrate mycelia formation on all media tested, while optimal sporulation was only observed on ISP 1 agar and MBA. Isolate GL1-12 showed good growth of substrate mycelia except on ISP 2 agar, however sporulation was poorly observed only on ISP 3 agar. Growth temperatures of isolates GL1-2 and GL1-9 were ranging from 30 to 55°C, while GL112 was ranging from 35 to 55°C. Isolates GL1-2 and GL1-9 have the ability to degrade 1% CMC at 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, and 55°C. Isolate GL1-12 has celulolytic ability at temperatures of 40, 45, 50, and 55°C. This study revealed that Actinobacteria-like isolates obtained from litter samples of mount Galunggung hot spring, Tasikmalaya are potential cellulase-producers on various tested temperatures.

Abstrak :
Aspergillus section Nigri adalah salah satu kelompok kapang yang memiliki peran penting dalam bidang mikologi pangan, kedokteran, dan bioteknologi. Kapang tersebut merupakan kandidat yang sering digunakan untuk rekayasa genetika dan pemerintah Amerika Serikat melalui Food and Drug Administration (FDA) memberikan status GRAS (Generally Regarded As Safe) dalam penggunaannya di bidang industri dan bioteknologi. Secara sistematika dan taksonomi, kapang Aspergillus section Nigri memiliki sejumlah permasalahan karena kapang tersebut sukar untuk diidentifikasi dan diklasifikasi. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan identifikasi dan analisis filogenetik terhadap 20 strain Aspergillus section Nigri terseleksi asal Kebun Raya Eka Karya, Bedugul Bali. Identifikasi kapang terseleksi dilakukan melalui pendekatan morfologi dan molekuler. Karakterisasi morfologi dilakukan dengan mengamati karakter fenotip di media CzA, MEA, CYA, MEA37, dan CY20S. Adapun analisis molekuler dilakukan melalui analisis sekuensing gen pada lokus ITS rDNA, gen ß-tubulin dan calmodulin. Analisis filogenetik dilakukan menggunakan analisis statistik neighbor-joining (NJ). Hasil analisis morfologi dalam penelitian ini belum dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi dan membedakan ke-20 strain pada tingkat takson spesies. Hasil analisis molekuler menunjukkan 7 strain memiliki kedekatan secara genotip dengan A. aculeatus pada kisaran homologi 97-99%, 4 strain memiliki kedekatan dengan A. niger pada kisaran homologi 99-100%, dan 9 strain memiliki kedekatan genotip dengan A. tubingensis pada kisaran homologi 97-100%. Hasil analisis molekuler juga menunjukkan 10 strain yaitu P03, P08, P09,P10, P12, P15, P16, P18, P19, dan P20 memiliki homologi yang rendah pada lokus gen ß-tubulin dan calmodulin sehingga secara genotip strain tersebut kemungkinan merupakan kandidat spesies yang berbeda. Hasil tersebut diperkuat oleh hasil analisis filogenetik NJ pada ketiga lokus. Berdasarkan hasil analisis filogenetik multilokus strain P01, P02, P11, dan P17 adalah takson A. tubingensis, strain P04, P05, P06, dan P07 adalah takson A. niger, dan strain P13 dan P14 adalah takson A. aculeatus. Hasil analisis filogenetik juga menunjukkan adanya spesies tersembunyi (cryptic species) dari beberapa strain Aspergillus hitam yang disolasi dari rhizosfer Piper asal Kebun Raya Eka Karya, Bedugul Bali, yaitu strain P03, P08, P09, P10, P12, P15, P16, P18, P19, dan P20. ......The black aspergilli (Aspergillus section Nigri ) are an important group of species in food mycology, medical mycology, and biotechnology. They are also candidates for genetic manipulation in the biotechnolology industries since A. niger used under certain industrial condition has been granted the GRAS (Generally Regarded As Safe) status by the Food and Drug Administration of the US government. Black aspergilli are one of the more difficult groups regarding classification and identification. In spite of the taxonomy of the Aspergillus species of the Nigri section being regarded as troublesome. This work aimed to identify and analyse the phylogeny of 20 selected strains of black aspergilli from Eka Karya Botanical Garden, Bedugul Bali. Morphological character were observed from culture were grown on CzA, MEA, CYA, MEA37, and CY20S. Meanwhile, molecular analysis have been conducted based on the ITS rDNA, ß-tubulin, and calmodulin genes. Morphological data result are useful for preliminary identification but it did not having been totally effective in describing and elucidating 20 selected strains into species level. Further molecular analysis showed that from 20 selected strains, seven strains have 97-99% similarity with A. aculeatus, four strains have 99-100% similarity with A. niger, and nine strains have 97-100% similarity with A. tubingensis. Based on molecular analysis particularly ß-tubulin and calmodulin genes, 10 strains (P03, P06, P08, P09, P10, P12, P15, P16, P18, P19, and P20) can be presumed as new species because of the low homology value to their closest related species. Based on the phylogenetic analysis strains of P01, P02, P11, and P17 were identified as A. tubingensis; strain P04, P05, P06, and P07 were identified as A. niger, and strain P13 and P14 were identified as A. aculeatus. Ten strains, namely, P03, P08, P09, P10, P12, P15, P16, P18, P19, and P20, form distinct lineage separated from other recognized Aspergillus in this section. Cryptic species probably exist among the Aspergillus section Nigri strains inhabiting Piper rhizosphere from Eka Karya Botanical Garden, Bedugul Bali.

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Isolasi dan penapisan kapang dan khamir dari lima jenis ragi tapai asal beberapa kota di Jawa Barat telah dilakukan. Berdasarkan hasil isolasi, didapatkan tiga belas isolat kapang dan tujuh isolat khamir. Penapisan kapang amilolitik dilakukan secara kualitatif menggunakan uji iodin. Uji kualitatif dilakukan dengan mengukur zona bening pada medium starch agar yang telah ditumbuhi kapang dan kemudian ditetesi iodin. Hasil uji menunjukkan isolat (ZC1, ZC2, ZGJ2) memiliki diameter zona bening sebesar (69,95 mm, 58,73 mm, 56,85 mm). Aktivitas amilase ketiga isolat kapang terpilih diukur menggunakan metode DNS (Dinitrosalicylic Acid). Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa isolat ZGJ2 merupakan isolat kapang dengan aktivitas tertinggi (6,30 U/mL) sedangkan isolat kapang dengan aktivitas terendah (3,03 U/mL) dihasilkan oleh isolat ZC2. Penapisan khamir penghasil alkohol dilakukan berdasarkan pertumbuhan sel dan gas  yang terperangkap dalam tabung Durham, dalam medium PDB yang ditambah glukosa 5%, 10%, dan 15%. Ketiga isolat mampu tumbuh dengan baik pada medium dengan konsentrasi glukosa 15%. Namun pembentukan gas  hanya terjadi pada penambahan 10% glukosa oleh isolat YC1 (4+) dan YC3 (3+)  serta penambahan 5% glukosa oleh isolat YC2 (2+). Hasil pengamatan karakter makroskopis dan mikroskopis isolat ZC1 dan ZGJ2  diduga merupakan genus Rhizopus, sedangkan isolat ZC2 masuk ke dalam genus Mucor. Isolat khamir terpilih diduga termasuk ke dalam filum Ascomycota berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan fisiologi.

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ABSTRACT
Isolation and screening of molds and yeasts from five types of ragi tapai from several cities in West Java had been done. Based on the results of isolation, thirteen mold isolates and seven yeast isolates were obtained. Screening of amylolytic mold was done by qualitative assay using iodine. Iodine assay was done by measuring clear zones on starch agar medium which had been grown with mold and then flooded with iodine. The results of iodine assay showed that three isolates (ZC1, ZC2, ZGJ3) formed clear zones diameter (69.95, 58.73, 56.85). Amylase activity of the three selected mold isolates were measured using the DNS (Dinitrosalicylic Acid) method. The results showed that ZGJ2 had highest activity (6.30 U / mL) meanwhile the mold isolate with the lowest activity (3.03 U / mL) was ZC2. Alcohol-producing yeasts were screened based on cell growth and  trapped in Durham tubes, in the medium of PDB added with glucose 5%, 10%, and 15%. The best three isolates were able to grow in a medium with 15% glucose concentration. However the formation of  only occurs in the addition of 10% glucose by YC1 (4+) and YC3 (3+) and the addition of 5%  glucose by YC2 (2+). Based on observation of the macroscopic and microscopic characters, ZC1 and ZGJ2 assumed belong to the Rhizopus genus, meanwhile ZC2 belongs to the Mucor genus.The selected yeasts are assumed to belong to the Ascomycota phylum based on morphological and physiological characters.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penelitian mengenai aktivitas amilolitik kapang dan sakarolitik khamir penghasil alkohol dari ragi tapai telah dilakukan. Sebanyak 22 isolat kapang dan 10 isolat khamir berhasil diisolasi dari ragi tapai yang berasal dari 5 daerah berbeda, yaitu Aceh, Bengkulu, Medan, Pontianak, dan Sulawesi. Penapisan isolat kapang secara kualitatif dan semi-kuantitatif dilakukan dengan metode iodin. Aktivitas amilase kapang secara kualitatif ditentukan berdasarkan ukuran zona bening setelah diteteskan dengan pereaksi iodin. Penapisan aktivitas amilase secara semi-kuantitatif diukur dengan spektrofotometer pada 620 nm. Hasil penapisan secara kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa isolat ZMDN1, ZMDN2, dan ZRS1 masing-masing memiliki diameter zona bening yang sama sebesar 85 mm. Penapisan secara semi-kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa isolat ZMDN1 dan ZRS1 memiliki nilai transmitan (T) sebesar 96%, sedangkan isolat ZMDN2 memiliki nilai transmitan (T) sebesar 45%. Aktivitas amilase tiga isolat kapang terpilih diukur lebih lanjut menggunakan metode Dinitrosalicyclic Acid (DNS). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa isolat ZMDN1 memiliki nilai aktivitas amilase tertinggi sebesar 8,53 U/mL sedangkan aktivitas terendah, 4,88 U/mL dihasilkan oleh isolat ZRS1. Berdasarkan pengamatan karakter morfologi makroskopis dan mikroskopis, ketiga isolat kapang terpilih diduga merupakan anggota genus Amylomyces. Hasil penapisan khamir berdasarkan pertumbuhan sel dan pembentukan gas CO2 di dalam tabung Durham menunjukkan bahwa ketiga isolat khamir YPN2, YBKL1, dan YPN1 mampu tumbuh baik pada medium PDB dengan penambahan 15% glukosa. Produksi alkohol berdasarkan pembentukan CO2 oleh YPN2 telah terlihat dalam 24 jam, sementara isolat khamir YBKL1 dan YPN1 terlihat dalam 48 jam. Ketiga isolat khamir terpilih diduga merupakan anggota filum Ascomycota berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan kemampuan memfermentasi glukosa untuk menghasilkan alkohol dan CO2.

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ABSTRACT
A research on screening of amylolytic molds and saccharolytic yeasts from ragi tapai has been done. Twenty two isolates of mold and ten isolates of yeast were isolated from ragi tapai originating from five regions in Indonesia. The five regions are Aceh, Bengkulu, Medan, Pontianak, and Sulawesi. Qualitative and semi-quantitative screening of mold isolates were carried out by iodine method. The amylase activity of molds were qualitatively determined based on the formation of clear zones after flooding with iodine reagent. Semi-quantitative screening of amylase activity was measured by spectrophotometer based on the highest transmittance value at 620 nm. Qualitative screening results showed that ZMDN1, ZMDN2, and ZRS1 isolates have the same clear zone diameter of 85 mm. Semi-quantitative screening showed that ZMDN1 and ZRS1 isolates have 96% transmittance value, whereas ZMDN2 isolates has 45% transmittance value. Based on the screening results, the three mold isolates were thought to have the highest amylase activity. The amylase activity of the three selected molds was measured further using the Dinitrosalicyclic Acid (DNS) method. The highest amylase activity value was produced by ZMDN1 isolate (8.53 U/mL), while the lowest amylase activity value was produced by ZRS1 isolate (4.88 U/mL). Based on the macroscopic and microscopic morphological characteristics, the three selected isolates belong to the genus Amylomyces. Yeast screening results based on cell growth and formation of CO2 gas in Durham tubes showed that the three yeast isolates were able to grow well on the PDB medium with the addition of 15% glucose. Alcohol production based on CO2 formation by YPN2 was detected in 24 hours, while YBKL1 and YPN1 was detected in 48 hours. The three selected yeast isolates are members of the phylum Ascomycota, based on morphological characteristic and ability to ferment glucose to produce alcohol and CO2.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Dua puluh satu isolat kapang dan tujuh isolat khamir telah diisolasi berdasarkan perwakilan morfologi koloni dari setiap jenis ragi tapai menggunakan metode tebar dan streak plate method. Beberapa sampel ragi tapai didapatkan dari lima daerah (Surakarta, Grobogan, Purwokerto, Klaten, dan Kalasan) di Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Penapisan aktivitas amilase dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan metode iodin dan hasil diekspresikan sebagai diameter zona bening. Isolat terpilih kemudian diukur aktivitas amilasenya menggunakan metode DNS pada panjang gelombang 540 nm. Penapisan khamir toleran terhadap konsentrasi gula tinggi dan penghasil alkohol dilakukan pada medium PDB yang ditambahkan 5%, 10%, dan 15% glukosa. Penapisan didasarkan atas pertumbuhan sel dan dan gas CO2 terbentuk dalam tabung Durham. Berdasarkan hasil penapisan kapang, tiga isolat dipilih berdasarkan diameter zona bening terbesar yaitu ZSL3 (57,52 mm), ZN1 (54,96 mm), dan ZGN1 (54,47 mm). Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa isolat ZGN1 memiliki aktivitas enzim amilase tertinggi (13,18 U/mL) dan isolat ZN1 memiliki aktivitas terendah (5,95 U/mL). Hasil penapisan khamir menunjukkan isolat YN1, YN2, dan YK1 merupakan tiga isolat khamir terpilih. Hasil tersebut juga menunjukkan bahwa YN1 adalah isolat terbaik berdasarkan pertumbuhan sel dan gas CO2 yang terbentuk pada medium uji dalam 24 jam. Berdasarkan karaktermorfologi makroskopis dan mikroskopis, Isolat kapang ZSL3 diduga merupakan genus Rhizopus, sedangkan isolat kapang ZGN1 dan ZN1 merupakan genus Mucor. Isolat khamir YN1, YN2, dan YK1 diduga merupakan filum Ascomycota berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan kemampuan memfermentasi gula untuk menghasilkan etanol dan CO2.

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ABSTRACT
Twenty one mould and seven yeast isolates have been isolated based on colony morphology that are representative from each ragi tapai sample using spread method and streak plate method. Ragi tapai samples were obtained from five regions (Surakarta, Grobogan, Purwokerto, Klaten, and Kalasan) in Central Java, Indonesia. Amylase enzyme activity was screened qualitatively using iodine method and the clear zone diameter was measured. Then, three isolates amylase activity was measured using DNS method on 540 nm wavelength. Sugar-tolerant and alcohol producing yeast screening was assayed in PDB + glucose (5%, 10%, and 15%). Screening was based on growth and gas produced in Durham tube. Based on the mould screening result, three isolates with the largest clear zone were selected. The selected isolates were ZSL3 (57,52 mm), ZN1 (54,96 mm), and ZGN1 (54,47 mm). The DNS assay resulted ZGN1 has the highest amylase enzyme activity (13,18 U/mL) and the ZN1 as the lowest (5,95 U/mL). The yeasts screening result showed that YN1, YN2, and YN3 were selected isolates. The result also showed that YN1 was the best isolate based on growth and gas produced in 24 hours. Isolate ZSL3 was assumed to belong to genus Rhizopus and isolate ZGN1 and ZN1 were assumed to belong to genus Mucor based on its morphological characters. Isolate YN1, YN2, and YK1 were assumed to belong to phylum Ascomycota based on its morphological characters and ability to ferment the sugar to produce ethanol and CO2.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi 15 strain kapang dari lima manuskrip kuno berbahan kertas daluang asal perpustakaan Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya Universitas Indonesia (FIB UI) dan melakukan deskripsi morfologi kapang-kapang tersebut. Identifikasi dilakukan berdasarkan analisis sekuens daerah Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) rDNA dan pengamatan morfologi kapang dilakukan pada Czapek’s Dox Agar (CDA). Primer forward ITS1 dan primer reverse ITS4 digunakan untuk amplifikasi daerah ITS rDNA. Hasil elektroforesis produk PCR menunjukkan panjang daerah ITS dari 15 strain kapang tersebut bervariasi antara 500 pb--900 pb. Sebelas strain kapang memiliki homologi ITS rDNA dengan spesies terdekat Aspergillus clavatus Desm. (1 strain), Aspergillus flavus group (1 strain), Aspergillus niger van Tieghem (1 strain), Penicillium citrinum Thom (6 strain), Penicillium janthinellum Biourge (1 strain), dan Penicillium oxalicum Currie & Thom (1 strain) dan termasuk anggota ordo Eurotiales, kelas Plectomycetes, dari filum Ascomycota. Satu strain memiliki homologi ITS rDNA dengan spesies terdekat Pseudocercospora sp. (1 strain) dan termasuk anggota ordo Capnodiales, kelas Dotthideomycetes, dari filum Ascomycota. Tiga strain kapang (Penicillium sp. FIB.PRI.6.1, Fraseriella sp. FIB.PRI.6.2, dan mycelia sterilia FIB.PRII.3) belum berhasil diidentifikasi hingga tingkat spesies. ......The aims of this research were to identify 15 mould strains from five old manuscripts of daluang paper from the library of Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya Universitas Indonesia (FIB UI) and to describe their morphology. Identification was carried out based on analysis of Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) region of rDNA sequence. Observation of the mould’s morphology was carried out on Czapek’s Dox Agar (CDA). Forward primer ITS1 and reverse primer ITS4 were used to amplify the ITS region of rDNA. Gel electrophoresis results showed that the lengths of ITS region from 15 mould strains were on the range of 500 bp--900 bp. Eleven strains showed ITS rDNA sequence similarities to Aspergillus clavatus Desm. (1 strain), Aspergillus flavus group (1 strain), Aspergillus niger van Tieghem (1 strain), Penicillium citrinum Thom (6 strains), Penicillium janthinellum Biourge (1 strain), Penicillium oxalicum Currie & Thom (1 strain). The strains belong to order Eurotiales, Class Plectomycetes, phylum Ascomycota. One strain showed ITS rDNA sequence similarity to Pseudocercospora sp. (1 strain). The strain belongs to order Capnodiales, class Dotthideomycetes, phylum Ascomycota. Three strains (Penicillium sp. FIB.PRI.6.1, Fraseriella sp. FIB.PRI.6.2, and mycelia sterilia FIB.PRII.3) were unable to be identified to species level.

Abstrak :
Bakteri pendegradasi senyawa hidrokarbon dapat diisolasi dari daerah yang terkontaminasi polutan, seperti habitat mangrove. Isolat bakteri SM1_7 telah diisolasi dari habitat mangrove Suaka Margasatwa Muara Angke, Jakarta Utara. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan degradasi senyawa hidrokarbon dan mengarakterisasi isolat bakteri SM1_7. Pengukuran pertumbuhan dilakukan dengan metode viable plate count dan analisis senyawa hidrokarbon dengan GC/MS. Karakterisasi bakteri dilakukan dengan pengecatan Gram, pengamatan morfologi, dan karakterisasi biokimia. Hasil pengukuran pertumbuhan menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri SM1_7 mampu tumbuh di medium Bushnell Haas + 1% (v/v) minyak diesel yang menunjukkan peningkatan 2,3x109 CFU/mL menjadi 3,31x1011 CFU/mL setelah inkubasi 12 jam. Isolat bakteri SM1_7 mampu mendegradasi senyawa hexadecane (C16H35) sebanyak 13,95%, heptadecane (C17H36) sebanyak 17,66%, dan eicosane (C20H42) sebanyak 19,14%. Hasil karakterisasi fenotipik bakteri menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri SM1_7 diduga termasuk ke dalam genus Pseudomonas. ...... Hydrocarbon degrading bacteria can be isolated from contaminated areas, such as mangrove. Bacteria isolate SM1_7 has been isolated from mangrove habitat Suaka Margasatwa Muara Angke, North Jakarta. The objectives of the research is to analyze the capability of isolate SM1_7 for degrading hydrocarbons and characterize bacterial isolate SM1_7. Growth measurements was performed using viable plate count method and analysis of hydrocarbon degradation was carried out using GC/MS. Bacterial characterization was done using Gram stains, observing morphological characteristics, and analysis of biochemical characteristics. The results show that bacteria isolate SM1_7 is able to grow in Bushnell Haas medium + 1% (v/v) diesel oil displaying an increase from 2,3x109 CFU/mL to 3,31x1011 CFU/mL after 12 hours incubation. Bacteria isolate SM1_7 is able to degrade hexadecane (C16H35) 13,95%, heptadecane (C17H36) 17,66%, and eicosane (C20H42) 19,14%. The result of phenotypic characterization showed that bacteria isolate SM1_7 is assumed to be from genus Pseudomonas.

Abstrak :
Bakteri pendegradasi hidrokarbon dapat diisolasi dari lingkungan yang tercemar hidrokarbon salah satunya yaitu, habitat mangrove. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan degradasi senyawa hidrokarbon dan memperoleh identitas isolat bakteri (SM 2-2) yang berasal dari habitat mangrove Suaka Margasatwa Muara Angke, Jakarta Utara. Pengukuran pertumbuhan isolat bakteri SM 2-2 dilakukan menggunakan metode Total Plate Count (TPC) dan analisis degradasi senyawa hidrokarbon menggunakan metode GC/MS. Karakterisasi isolat bakteri SM2-2 dilakukan dengan pengecatan Gram, pengamatan morfologi isolat serta uji aktivitas biokimia. Hasil pengukuran pertumbuhan menunjukkan bahwa isolat SM 2-2 memiliki jumlah CFU/mL tertinggi pada jam ke-12 sebesar 1,09 x1012 CFU/mL. Hasil analisis degradasi senyawa hidrokarbon menunjukkan bahwa isolat SM 2-2 mampu mendegradasi senyawa hidrokarbon alkana dengan panjang rantai karbon C15--C17 dengan persentase penurunan terbesar ditunjukkan pada rantai C16 (hexadecanoic acid) sebesar 27,56%. Hasil karakterisasi fenotipik bakteri menunjukkan isolat SM 2-2 memiliki karakteristik yang sama dengan genus Acinetobacter. ...... Hydrocarbon degrading bacteria can be isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated environment such as mangrove habitat. The objectives of this study is to analyze the hydrocarbon degrading capabilities of bacteria isolate SM 2-2 to degrade hydrocarbon and characterize of the bacteria isolate SM 2-2 obtained from mangrove habitat Suaka Marga Satwa Muara Angke, North Jakarta. Growth measurement was performed using Total Plate Count (TPC) and analysis of the degradation of hydrocarbons using GC/MS. Characterization of baterial isolate SM 2-2 was done with Gram stain and analysis of morphological and biochemical characteristics. Results show that isolate SM 2-2 displayed highest cell member at 1,09 x1012 CFU/mL in 12 hours. Analysis of hydrocarbon compound showed that isolate SM 2-2 is capable of degrading alkane hydrocarbons with C15--C17 carbon chain length. Largest decrease of hydrocarbon compounds was shown by hexadecanoic acid at a decrease of 27,56%. Phenotype characterization of isolate SM 2-2 indicates that the isolate belongs to genus Acinetobacter.