ABSTRAKPengukuran VO2max secara langsung memang menghasilkan data yang akurat dan dapat dipercaya tetapi umumnya memerlukan waktu lebih banyak, peralatan yang mahal serta tenaga pelaksana terlatih. Penelitian sebelumnya telah berhasil mengembangkan model prediksi khusus untuk anak-anak dari etnis Jawa berdasarkan jenis kelamin, denyut nadi dan waktu tempuh berjalan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model prediksi yang cocok bagi kelompok usia remaja dengan prediktor jenis kelamin, status gizi (IMT/U dan PLT), aktivitas fisik dan asupan gizi. Penelitian dilakukan pada 78 remaja laki-laki dan 114 remaja perempuan dengan rata-rata usia 16,19±0,5 tahun. Nilai estimasi VO2max diukur berdasarkan tes lari 1 mil, jenis kelamin, IMT/U ditentukan berdasarkan pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan, PLT diukur dengan BIA, aktivitas fisik diketahui melalui pengisian kuesioner, dan asupan gizi dihitung dengan menggunakan metode food record 3 hari. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara jenis kelamin, IMT/U, persen lemak tubuh, aktivitas fisik, seluruh asupan zat gizi makro (energi, karbohidrat, protein, lemak) dan beberapa asupan zat gizi mikro (vitamin B2, vitamin B6 dan seng) dengan nilai estimasi VO2max. Model prediksi non latihan dibentuk melalui analisis multi regresi linier VO2max= 40,7 + 3,1 JK - 2,5 IMT/U - 0,08 PLT + 0,4 AF - 0,004 P + 0,001 A - 1,76 B6 - 0,2 B12 + 0,5 Zn. Untuk meningkatkan nilai VO2max pada remaja, sekolah direkomendasikan untuk mengimplementasikan program TOP yang kegiatannya berfok us pada kegiatan pengendalian berat badan, peningkatan aktivitas fisik, dan promosi asupan yang bergizi seimbang.
ABSTRACTA direct measurement on maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) provides accurate and reliable data but requires more time, costly aquipment and trained personnel. Previous research has developed a VO2max prediction model special for Javanese children using sex, heart rate and walk time.The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of gender, nutritional status (body mass index for age and percent fat), physical activity level, and dietary intake in another VO2max prediction model for adolescent. The design study was a cross sectional one. Subjects were 78 male and 114 female wih a mean age of 16,19±0,5 years. Estimated VO2max was measured from one mile run test; sex; BMI for age was calculated from measured height and weight, percent fat was assessed by BIA, self report physical activity was assessed by PAQ-A and 3 day food records were used to calculate the average dietary intake. Male students (42,45 ml/kg/min) had significantly higher estimated VO2max than female (38,74 ml/kg/min). There were significant correlations between sex, BMI for age, percent fat, physical activity, all macronutrient intake (energi, carbohydrat, protein, and fat) and some micronutrient intake (vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and zinc) with estimated VO2max. The non-exercise prediction model was developed by a multiple regression analysis: VO2max= 40,7+3,1 JK-2,5 IMT/U-0,08 PLT + 0,4 AF-0,004 P + 0,001 A-1,76 B6-0,2 B12+0,5 Zn. In order to improve adolescent?s VO2max, school was recomended to implement TOP program focused on weight management, increased physical activity and promoted adequate dietary intake. |
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