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"In this brief the authors discuss some important subclasses of polynomial optimization models arising from various applications, with a focus on approximations algorithms with guaranteed worst case performance analysis. The brief presents a clear view of the basic ideas underlying the design of such algorithms and the benefits are highlighted by illustrative examples showing the possible applications."

"ABSTRAKBi 2 Se 3 merupakan salah satu material topologi insulator (TI) yang telah menjaditopik yang menarik untuk menyelidiki sifat-sifat dari bahan tersebut, bukan hanyakarena sifatnya namun karena aplikasi untuk masa depan. Selama bertahun-tahun,penelitian bahan topologi insulator telah menjadi target pengembangan fotode-tektor untuk telekomunikasi, gambar medis, dan penciuman gas. Bahan topologiinsulator berbeda dengan metal dan insulator biasanya. Di bagian permukaan,bahan ini bersifat seperti metal, dan di sisi luarnya, bahan ini menunjukkan ciriseperti insulator dengan celah pita yang kecil. Dalam riset kali ini, DFT digunakanuntuk memperhitungkan sifat-sifat ground-state bahan ini. Sementara, untuksifat excited-state menggunakan teori many-body perturbation dikoreksi denganmenggunakan aproksimasi GW dan perhitungan spektrum absorpsi di terapkanmelalui persamaan BSE (Bethe-Salpeter Equation)untuk melengkapi studi efekdari interaksi elektron-elektron dan elektron-hole.

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ABSTRACTBi 2 Se 3 , one of the topological insulators (TIs) has spawned a lot of interest tofurther investigate properties of this material, not only because of its naturalimportance, but also its applications for future devices. Over the past few years ap-plied research on TIs has been targeted to develop photodetectors of near-infraredwavelengths for telecommunication, medical imaging, and gas sensing. TI isdifferent from simple metal or insulator in the sense that the inside part is insulatingwhile its surface is metallic due to the presence of gapless surface states, meaningthat electrons can only move along the surface of the material. In this work, Densityfunctional theory (DFT) is used to calculate the ground state properties of Bi 2 Se 3.While its excited state properties are corrected within GW approximation and thecalculation on optical spectra are implemented by Bethe-Salpeter Equation (BSE)using many body perturbation theory (MBPT) to complete the study of the effectof electron-electron and electron-hole interactions."

"Unlike other books on theoretical computer science, this textbook organizes approximation algorithms into chapters based on the design techniques for the algorithms. based on the design techniques for the algorithms. It helps the reader to better understand the design and analysis techniques for approximation algorithms."

"Asymptotic methods are frequently used in many branches of both pure and applied mathematics, and this classic text remains the most up-to-date book dealing with one important aspect of this area, namely, asymptotic approximations of integrals. In Asymptotic Approximations of Integrals, all results are proved rigorously, and many of the approximation formulas are accompanied by error bounds. A thorough discussion on multidimensional integrals is given, and references are provided. Asymptotic Approximations of Integrals contains the "distributional method," which is not available elsewhere. Most of the examples in this text come from concrete applications.Since its publication twelve years ago, significant developments have occurred in the general theory of asymptotic expansions, including smoothing of the Stokes phenomenon, uniform exponentially improved asymptotic expansions, and hyperasymptotics. These new concepts belong to the area now known as "exponential asymptotics." Expositions of these new theories are available in papers published in various journals, but not yet in book form."

"This book follows the “semidefinite side” of these developments, presenting some of the main ideas behind approximation algorithms based on semidefinite programming. It develops the basic theory of semidefinite programming, presents one of the known efficient algorithms in detail, and describes the principles of some others. It also includes applications, focusing on approximation algorithms."

"These proceedings were prepared in connection with the international conference Approximation Theory XIII, which was held March 7–10, 2010 in San Antonio, Texas. The conference was the thirteenth in a series of meetings in Approximation Theory held at various locations in the United States, and was attended by 144 participants. Previous conferences in the series were held in Austin, Texas (1973, 1976, 1980, 1992), College Station, Texas (1983, 1986, 1989, 1995), Nashville, Tennessee (1998), St. Louis, Missouri (2001), Gatlinburg, Tennessee (2004), and San Antonio, Texas (2007).Along with the many plenary speakers, the contributors to this proceedings provided inspiring talks and set a high standard of exposition in their descriptions of new directions for research. Many relevant topics in approximation theory are included in this book, such as abstract approximation, approximation with constraints, interpolation and smoothing, wavelets and frames, shearlets, orthogonal polynomials, univariate and multivariate splines, and complex approximation."

"Surveys the enormous literature on numerical approximation of solutions of elliptic boundary problems by means of variational and finite element methods, requiring almost constant application of results and techniques from functional analysis and approximation theory to the field of numerical analysis."

"The approximation of functions of several variables continues to be a difficult problem in scientific computing because many of the algorithms required for such problems have yet to be written. This monograph is written for a broad audience of computational mathematicians and statisticians concerned with the development of algorithms or the derivation of approximations from linear projections, of which the interpolating operators are an important example. As an aid to both researchers and students, a bibliography of more than 200 titles is included."

"Pendahuluan: Ekstrofi buli merupakan suatu kelainan kongenital yang ditandai dengan tidak menutupnya dinding anterior dari rongga abdomen disertai kandung kemih yang membuka dengan manifestasi pada sistem traktus urinarius dan muskuloskeletal. Meskipun tatalaksana ekstrofi berkembang pesat, studi mengenai luaran klinis pasien ekstrofi buli masih jarang dilakukan. Di Indonesia, belum ada penelitian yang membahas mengenai luaran anatomis dan fungsional pasien ekstrofi buli pada tahun 2011-2017.Metode: Studi penelitian ini adalah studi kohor retrospektif melalui penulusuran data rekam medis dari tahun 2011 hingga 2017 dan dilakukan di bulan Januari 2017. Seluruh pasien diperiksa untuk luaran klinis di poliklinik orthopaedi. Luaran anatomis dinilai dengan mengukur presentasi aproksimasi pubis pada foto pelvis. Sementara itu, luaran fungsional dinilai dengan menggunakan kuesioner Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL 4.0).Hasil: 19 pasien ekstrofi buli dengan rerata usia 4,8±2,4 tahun kontrol rutin ke poli orthopaedi. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari jenis kelamin laki-laki 11 (57,9%); perempuan 8 (42,1%), tipe ekstrofi buli (17 (89,5%); ekstrofi kloaka (2 (10,5%), anomali organ terkait yaitu epispadia 2 (10,5%); hipospadia 1 (5,3%); sisanya tidak kelainan tambahan 16 (84,2%), metode fiksasi gips 10 (52,6%); eksternal fiksasi 9 (47,4%), periode pasca operasi ≤36 bulan 10 (52,6%); >36 bulan 9 (47,4%), median usia operasi 6 bulan dengan kisaran 1-71 bulan, median nilai presentase aproksimasi 78,5% dengan kisaran 65-98,1%, rerata skor PedsQL setelah operasi 97,2±1,6. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara usia operasi dan diastasis setelah operasi terhadap presentase aproksimasi dan skor PedsQL setelah operasi (p<0,05).Diskusi: Luaran anatomis dan fungsional pada pasien ekstrofi buli menunjukkan hasil yang baik. Faktor usia operasi dan diastasis setelah operasi mempengaruhi nilai presentase aproksimasi dan kualitas hidup pasien ekstrofi buli.

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Introduction: Bladder extrophy is an embryologic malformation that results in complex deficiency of the anterior midline, with urogenital and skeletal manifestations. Despite advances in management of bladder extrophy, the study of the patient outcome is rarely done. In Indonesia, there are no studies concerning about the anatomical and functional outcome of bladder extrophy patients in 2011-2017.Method: A cohort retrospective study of the hospital medical records from 2011 to 2017 was performed in January 2017. The patients were assesed for the clinical outcome in orthopaedic outpatient clinic. Data of patients with bladder exstrophy managed by anterior and posterior innominate osteotomy were analysed. The anatomical outcome was assessed by calculating the percentage pubic approximation and the functional outcome was assessed by using Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL 4.0) and compared with those of typical peers.Result: Nineteen children age 4,6±2,3 years presented to outpatient clinic for a routine control. Data was collected for gender man 11 (57,9%); woman 8 (42,1%), bladder extrophy 17 (89,5%); cloacal extrophy 2 (10,5%), epispadia 2 (10,5%); hipospadia 1 (5,3%); not having other congenital organ anomaly 16 (84,2%), fixation method slabs 10 (52,6%); external fixation 9 (47,4%), post operation period ≤36 months 10 (52,6%); >36 months9 (47,4%), the median of age at operation 6 months old with range from 1-71 m, the median of aproximation percentage 78,5% with range 65-98,1%, the mean of PedsQL score post operation 97,2±1,6. There was a significant correlation between age at operation and diastasis post operation to aproximation percentage and PedsQL score (p<0,05).Discussion: The clinical outcome of the bladder extrophy patients shows good result that's measured by percentage pubic approximation and PedsQL score. Age at operation and diastasis post operation affect aproximation percentage and quality of life of bladder extrophy patient."

"Menurut Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 14/POJK.05/2015 tentang retensi dan Dukungan Reasuransi Dalam Negeri, kesehatan keuangan perusahaan asuransi dipengaruhi oleh retensi dan dukungan dari reasuransi. Perusahaan wajib memiliki dan menerapkan retensi dalam menanggung risiko (data klaim dari nasabah atau pihak tertanggung) atau liabilitasnya. Penerapan batas retensi sebagaimana yang dimaksud ialah wajib didasarkan pada profil risiko dan kerugian yang dibuat secara tertib, teratur dan relevan. Dalam teori risiko asuransi, salah satu masalah besar yang berkaitan dengan risiko asuransi adalah evaluasi terhadap ruin probability yaitu probabilitas sesaat dimana nilai dari surplus perusahaan asuransi mengalami defisit atau minus. Agar model perhitungan terhadap ruin probability dapat berfungsi optimal, distribusi ukuran klaim dan detail data klaim harus diketahui. Hal ini sulit dilakukan dalam dunia praktis karena berbagai alasan yang salah satunya kesalahan pengimputan data yang mungkin dilakukan oleh perusahaan. Oleh karena itu dilakukan aproksimasi ruin probability dengan menggunakan metode De Vylder yang memungkinkan penggunaan data yang tidak lengkap. Dengan tidak lengkapnya data dari ukuran klaim individu, ide penting dari metode De Vylder adalah untuk mengubah proses risiko compound Poisson dengan klaim umum oleh proses risiko compound Poisson dengan klaim eksponensial. Setelahnya, dilakukan proses menyamakan tiga momen pertama dari proses risiko dengan klaim umum sama dengan tiga momen pertama dari proses risiko dengan klaim eksponensial. Oleh karena itu, ruin probability dalam proses risiko dengan klaim umum diaproksimasi dengan ruin probability dalam proses risiko dengan klaim eksponensial. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan aproksimasi De Vylder, aproksimasi translated Gamma diadopsi untuk mengaproksimasi premi yang diterima dan tiga momen pertama dari ukuran klaim (setelah modifikasi retensi reasuransi) sebagai komponen dari aproksimasi De Vylder. Aproksimasi dengan translated Gamma distribution dilakukan karena umumnya distribusi ukuran klaim yang sering bersifat positively skewed, nonnegatif support, dan unimodal. Kemudian setelah itu dilakukan aproksimasi retensi optimal berdasarkan hasil aproksimasi De Vylder ruin probability yang minimum. Model retensi yang digunakan merupakan pengembangan kombinasi dari metode quota share dan stop- loss. Sebagai ilustrasi, beberapa contoh numerik disertakan untuk menunjukkan beberapa kasus permasalahan pada aproksimasi ruin probability dengan retensi yang optimal.

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According to Peraturan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 14/POJK.05/2015 tentang retensi dan Dukungan Reasuransi Dalam Negeri, the insurance company's financial health was influenced by its own retention and support from reinsurance. The company has a mandatory and apply its own loan in enduring risk (claims data from the customers or its liability). The application of the retention limit itself as referred to must be based on a risk and loss profile that is made regularly, regularly and relevantly. In the theory of insurance risk, one of the major problems related to insurance risk is the evaluation of the ruin probability, namely the instantaneous probability that the value of the insurance company's surplus is in deficit or minus. In order for the calculation model of ruin probability to function optimally, the distribution of claim sizes and details of claim data must be known. This is difficult to do in the practical world because of various kinds of errors, one of which is data entry that may be made by the company. Therefore, an approximation of ruin probability was carried out by using the De Vylder method which allows the use of incomplete data. With incomplete information of individual claim measures, the important idea of the De Vylder method is to replace the Poisson compound risk process with the general claims by Poisson compound risk process with exponential claims. Then, making the first three moments of the general claims risk process the same with the corresponding of process risk with exponential claims. Therefore, the ruin probability in the risk process with general claims is approximated by the ruin probability in the risk process with exponential claims, which has a closed and explicit form. To meet the needs of the De Vylder approximation, the translated gamma approximation is adopted to approximate the premium received and the first three moments of the claim size (after reinsurance) as a component of the De Vylder approximation. The approximation is done by translated gamma distribution because generally the distribution of the available claim sizes is often positively skewed, non-negative support, and unimodal. Then, the optimal retention would be approximated based on results of the minimum ruin probability approximation using the De Vylder method. The retention model used is the development of a combination quota share and stop-loss methods. For illustration purposes, several numerical examples are included to demonstrate a few of cases on ruin probability approximation with optimal retention."