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"UU PKDRT adalah wujud nyata perjuangan kaum feminis untuk mengangkat KDRT ke ranah publik dengan menjadikannya sebagai kejahatan di mata hukum. Sayangnya keberfungsian UU ini menjadi diragukan ketika dalam pelaksanaannya terjadi sejumlah persoalan. Oleh karena itu evaluasi dan pemantauan terhadap kinerja aparat penegak hukum selaku pelaksana utama dari UU PKDRT perlu terus dilakukan agar tercipta perbaikan hukum. Dari pemantauan peradilan yang telah dilakukan sejauh ini oleh sejumlah lembaga terlihat bahwa tidak cukup untuk melihat pelaksanaan hukum hanya dari perspektif hukum itu sendiri. Sepertinya ada aspek-aspek psikologis yang kuat mewarnai sebuah proses hukum. Hal ini mendorong saya menggunakan metode grounded theory untuk melihat penanganan hukum kasus KDRT yang dialami oleh para perempuan korban. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengolahan data melibatkan 6 korban, 2 pengacara, 7 pendamping hukum, dan sejumlah aparat penegak hukum.Hasilnya menunjukkan betapa sulit proses hukum yang dijalani perempuan korban. UU PKDRT sendiri masih terhambat pelaksanaannya di samping perlunya revisi dalam beberapa pasal. Pendamping hukum dibatasi oleh aspek personal dan lembaga. Aparat penegak hukum kaku dalam menjalankan prinsip hukum objektif namun tanpa sadar dipengaruhi oleh bias-bias pribadi. Hukum pun menjadi tidak se-objektif, se-netral, dan se-rasional seperti yang mereka inginkan. Subjektivitas dan keberpihakan pada dasarnya perlu untuk mencapai objektivitas asalkan disertai kepekaan psikologis yang mengandung kepedulian. Tanpa kepedulian, keadilan hanya impian yang sulit digapai perempuan korban. Untuk dapat mewujudkannya, saya menawarkan sebuah proses hukum berperspektif psikologi hukum feminis yang menekankan etika kepedulian.

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The Law of the Elimination of Violence in the Family/Household is the manifestation of feminists? struggle to take domestic violence into the public sphere by making it as a crime before law. Unfortunately, the functionality of this ordinance is doubted when its implementation meets several problems. Therefore evaluation and monitoring towards the performance of law upholder as the main implementer of this law is continually needed in order to bring the law improvement into reality. The court monitoring has been done by some organizations show that it?s not sufficient to see the law implementation by the legal perspective itself. It seems there are psychological aspects that coloring the legal process strongly. It urges me to apply grounded theory method to look closer the legal intervention of domestic violence cases. This research was based on qualitative approach. Data processing involves 6 victims, 2 lawye officials.The results reveal how difficult the process has been through by victims to get justice. The Law of the Elimination of Violence in the Family/Household is impeded on its implementation despite of the revision needed on several chapters. The legal counselors are restricted by institutional and personal limitations. The judicial personnel carry out the principle of objective law rigidly. However they are influenced by personal biases unconsciously. The law becomes less objective,neutral, and rational than they expect. Actually, subjectivity and impartiality are needed to reach objectivity. But they ought to be accompanied by psychological sensitivity with care within. Without care, justice is only a wish that?s difficult to reach by the female victims. To bring it into reality, I propose the legal process that has perspective of feminist legal psychology emphasizes the ethics of care."

"Ketidaksetaraan gender dan ambivalent sexism yang dihadapi perempuan Indonesia,termasuk di kota besar seperti Jabodetabek, membuat mereka mengembangkanambivalensi sikap terhadap laki-laki, yaitu prasangka dan stereotip hostile dan benevolentyang dimiliki perempuan terhadap laki-laki (Glick & Fiske, 1999). Dua konsep yangseringkali dikaitkan dengan ambivalensi sikap terhadap laki-laki adalah religiusitas dansikap dan ideologi feminis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat peran religiusitas dansikap dan ideologi feminis dalam memprediksi ambivalensi sikap terhadap laki-laki yangdimiliki mahasiswa Muslim perempuan di Jabodetabek. Penelitian dilakukan pada 718mahasiswa Muslim perempuan yang tersebar di Jabodetabek menggunakan alat ukurAmbivalence Toward Men Inventory (AMI) (Glick & Fiske, 1999), Centrality ofReligiosity Scale (CRS) (Huber & Huber, 2012), dan Liberal Feminist Attitude andIdeology Scale (LFAIS) Versi Pendek (Morgan, 1996). Hasil analisis menunjukkanbahwa religiusitas dan sikap dan ideologi feminis merupakan prediktor ambivalensi sikapterhadap laki-laki yang signifikan, dimana religiusitas yang tinggi memprediksiambivalensi sikap terhadap laki-laki yang lebih tinggi dan sikap dan ideologi feminisyang lebih positif memprediksi ambivalensi sikap terhadap laki-laki yang lebih rendah.Implikasi dan saran terkait penelitian ini dijabarkan dalam bagian diskusi

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Gender inequality and ambivalent sexism faced by Indonesian women, including in bigcities like Jabodetabek, made them develop ambivalence toward men, which is hostileand benevolent prejudice and stereotypes women have toward men (Glick & Fiske, 1999).Religiosity and feminist attitude and ideology are two concepts often linked withambivalence toward men. This research purpose was to see the role of religiosity andfeminist attitude and ideology in predicting ambivalence toward men on female Muslimstudents in Jabodetabek. The research was done on 718 female Muslim Students spreadin Jabodetabek using Ambivalence Toward Men Inventory (AMI) (Glick & Fiske, 1999),Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS) (Huber & Huber, 2012), dan Liberal FeministAttitude and Ideology Scale (LFAIS) Short Version (Morgan, 1996). Results of theanalysis show that religiosity and feminist attitude and ideology are significant predictorsof ambivalence toward men, where high religiosity predicts higher ambivalence towardmen and positive feminist attitude predicts lower ambivalence toward men. Implicationsand suggestions regarding this research explained on discussion"

"The gender-based-violence is a nightmare and tragedy for women in transnational, cross cultural, geographical and civilizational boundaries. Moreover, prolonged human history has pervasively documented tragic, catastrophic facts recording women?s victimization. Culture, social system and structure, misogynic-religious interpretation, and especially patriarchal ideology have been stimulating, perpetuating and maintaining this women?s awful fate. Actually, several policies, political discretions and legal venues have been initiated and set up to be done in dealing with this issue. However, since law is just merely an epiphenomenon, a manifestation of cultural and social values, and a supra structure of economic power, the powerlessness and the paralyses of law were substantially and widely observed in this study. Hence, gender-based-victim have been dreadfully trapped within the dilemma of law."

"Nowadays, various approaches are often performed in conducting research or islamic studies. One of them is feminism approach. Feminism approach is an analytical or perspective on the basis of gender equality. With this approach, it will be revealed with obvious forms of gender inequality in the social system that needs to deconstruct and reconstruct that is friendlier to women. Feminism approach is much better done by feminist leaders in the fields of theological interpretation, misogynitic hadith, islamic law, and so forth. "

"Dewasa ini, film yang mempromosikan perempuan sebagai sosok yang kuat menjadi sebuah trend. Ada banyak film populer yang menawarkan cerita di mana perempuan berperang di dalam lingkungan patriarki. Genre film lainnya yang populer di masa kini adalah romansa yang dikombinasikan dengan supranatural. Beautiful Creatures adalah sebuah film yang menawarkan seorang karakter perempuan tangguh yang memiliki kekuatan supranatural. Beberapa media juga mendukung status Lena Ducchanes sebagai seorang feminis. Makalah ini berupaya untuk memperdebatkan pernyataan tersebut. Meskipun penulis Beautiful Creatures bermaksud menjadikan Lena sebagai seorang feminis, ada beberapa sifat Lena serta kondisi yang melemahkan posisi Lena sebagai seorang feminis. Melalui analisis film serta penelitian, tercapai kesimpulan bahwa beberapa factor yang seharusnya mendukung Lena sebagai feminis malah mendukung bagaimana lingkungan patriarki memposisikan perempuan.

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Movies that promote woman as a strong figure seem to be a trend now. There are plenty of popular films that offer a story where women fight within patriarchal society. Other popular genres in this era are romance combined with supernatural. Beautiful Creatures is a movie that offers a strong woman character with supernatural power. Some media also support the character Lena Ducchanes as a feminist. This paper attempts to argue that notion. Although Lena is intended to be a feminist by the authors, there are some traits of her and also some conditions that weaken her position as a feminist. Through analysis of the movie and several research studies, a conclusion is reached that some factors that are intended for promoting Lena as a feminist actually reinforce how patriarchal society positions women."

"Forking-path adalah salah satu variasi alur cerita dalam genre film modular narrative yang menyajikan kompleksitas naratif. Percabangan alur yang menjadi beberapa realitas merupakan salah satu ciri struktur narasi forking-path. Salah satu film yang menampilkan variasi alur forking path adalah Sliding Doors (1998) karya Peter Howitt. Terdapat dua Realitas pada film tersebut yang menampilkan subjektivitas perempuan dengan kemunculan berdasarkan kompleksitas yang berbeda. Penelitian ini akan menunjukkan terbentuknya kesadaran subjektivitas perempuan yang muncul dalam dua realitas berdasarkan hubungan antartokoh dan tindakan tokoh utama. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yakni dengan analisis struktural menggunakan teori genre modular narrative Allan Cameron, dan selanjutnya analisis ideologi teks dengan menggunakan teori feminisme eksistensial Simone de Beauvoir. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa di dalam dua realitas, Helen, sebagai tokoh utama, memperlihatkan konsistensi dalam memperkuat subjektivitas diri pada tataran yang sama, yaitu dengan cara bekerja, membangun intersubjektivitas, dan berkontribusi dalam ranah sosial. Posisi film Sliding Doors (1998) menunjukkan keberpihakan kepada perempuan. Ketika perempuan banyak dihadapkan pada konstruksi sosial yang membatasi, film ini muncul sebagai upaya memberi pilihan dan memperkuat ruang perempuan dalam membentuk independensi diri.

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Forking-path is a type of modular narrative genre film that presents narrative complexity. The branching of the plot into several realities is one of the characteristics of the forking-path narrative structure. One of the films that presents two different realities appears in the film Sliding Doors (1998) by Peter Howitt. Two Realities in the film displays the subjectivity of women that appears based on different complexities. This research will show the awareness of women's subjectivity that appears in two realities based on the relationship between characters and the actions of the main character. The method used in this study is structural analysis using Allan Cameron's modular narrative genre theory, and then ideological analysis of the text using Simone de Beauvoir's existentialist feminist theory. The findings of this study indicate that in the two realities, Helen, as the main character, shows consistency in strengthening self-subjectivity at the same level, namely by working, building intersubjectivity, and contributing in the social realm. The position of the film Sliding Doors (1998) shows partiality to women. When many women are faced with limiting social constructs, this film appears as an effort to strengthen women's space in forming self-independence."

"This research is aimed to see the social context of women which is involved in drug trafficking that is seen from criminology and gender overview. This study also describes the experience of violence by drug couriers women and their response to the violence. In analyzing the data, the researcher uses feminist perspective which have contribution to defend rights and justice for women. This research method appertain into field research with indepth interviews. While the research approach is qualitative which use criminology feminist perspective. Researcher have conducted interviews 2 women as thecore subjects. The result find that they get violent in layers like an unbroken vicious circle and continuity. It closely related between the violence they receive with the beginning of their implication in crimes, when they do crimes and when they are in the process of criminal justice."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana kekerasan berbasis gender (KBG) sangat mungkin terjadi di dunia maya dan terus merajalela semenjak dunia dilanda pandemi COVID-19. Dalam menelisik peran hukum sebagai tameng pelindung atas korban kekerasan berbasis gender online (KBGO), penelitian ini menggunakan kasus GA yang ditetapkan sebagai tersangka atas konten pornografi sebagai entry point analisis. Penelitian ini juga ingin menunjukkan bahwa praktik KBGO seringkali menyasar perempuan yang digambarkan dengan posisi GA selaku figur publik dan menjadi sasaran ‘empuk’ dari praktik KBGO yang diperkeruh dengan penghakiman masyarakat. Analisis ini ingin menunjukkan terdapat korelasi dari kentalnya budaya patriarkis dan ketidakpahaman masyarakat Indonesia mengenai konsep persetujuan senantiasa melahirkan posisi timpang pada perempuan dan akan terus melanggenggkan budaya victim-blaming pada korban. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menelaah serangkaian instrumen hukum, penerapannya oleh aparat penegak hukum lewat hasil putusan pengadilan, reaksi masyarakat lewat pemberitaan media massa terkait kasus, dan juga wawancara langsung kepada KBGO yang melapor lewat LBH APIK serta pendampingnya. Peneliti juga menggunakan feminist legal method demi menjawab permasalahan berdasarkan pengalaman perempuan sebagai korban untuk mendorong penyusunan payung hukum dan sistem hukum yang lebih berperspektif korban, sehingga nantinya, tidak adalagi perempuan korban yang disalahkan seperti apa yang dialami GA dalam kasusnya.

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This study aims to explain how gender-based violence (GBV) is very likely to occur in cyberspace and continues to run rampant since the world was hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. In examining the role of the law as a protective shield for victims of gender-based violence online (GBVO), this study uses the case of GA who is designated as a suspect for pornographic content as an entry point for analysis. This study also wants to show that GBVO practices often target women who are described as GA's position as a woman public figure and become 'easy' target of GBVO practices that are clouded by community judgment. This analysis shows that there is a correlation between the strong patriarchal culture and the Indonesian people's lack of understanding regarding the approval of the birth of an unequal position in women and will continue to perpetuate the victim-blaming culture of victims. This research was conducted by examining legal instruments, their application by law enforcement officers through court results, public reactions through mass media reports related to cases, and also direct interviews with the victims of GBVO who reported to LBH APIK. The researcher also uses the feminist legal method to answer questions based on the experience of women as victims to encourage the formulation of a legal basis and legal system that is more victim-oriented, so that in the future, there will be no more female victims who are blamed as experienced by GA in her case."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana perlindungan hukum bagi korban Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online (KBGO) dengan modus Non-Consensual Dissemination of Intimate Images (NCII) di Indonesia di tengah ketiadaan hukum yang secara spesifik mengaturnya. NCII merupakan tindakan penyebaran konten intim tanpa persetujuan. Tindakan ini merupakan bentuk KBGO yang kerap terjadi kepada anak perempuan di bawah umur. Motif dari NCII umumnya dimulai dengan jalinan hubungan romantis, perekaman konten intim tanpa konsen maupun dengan konsen, sehingga berujung dengan pengancaman serta penyebaran konten intim tersebut tanpa persetujuan korban. Di Indonesia NCII masih diatur dalam konteks yang terbatas, yaitu hanya pada Pasal 14 ayat (1) UU TPKS tentang perekaman konten intim tanpa persetujuan, dan Pasal 27 ayat (1) UU ITE tentang mentransmisikan konten bermuatan asusila. Melalui penelitian ini, Penulis menemukan bahwa walaupun undang-undang Indonesia telah mengatur mengenai unsur tindak pidana NCII, akan tetapi pelaksanaannya terkadang masih belum optimal. Dalam suatu perkara NCII, biasanya terdapat beberapa unsur perbuatan lain yang memenuhi kriteria sebagai tindak pidana. Namun, pidana yang dijatuhkan terhadap pelaku hanya unsur tindak pidana penyebaran konten bermuatan asusilanya saja. Hal ini berpotensi merugikan korban dalam mendapat keadilan. Oleh karena itu, melalui metode socio-legal, penelitian ini mengkaji bagimana penanganan perkara NCII yang paling ideal dapat memberikan keadilan serta perlindungan bagi korban. Penyelesaian jalur hukum bukanlah hal yang mudah bagi korban, sebab terdapat stigma dari masyarakat, sekolah, bahkan APH yang memperburuk situasi korban. Oleh karena itu korban NCII, terutama anak di bawah umur membutuhkan perlindungan lebih dalam menempuh penyelesaian jalur hukum, mulai dari proses pelaporan, persidangan, hingga pemulihan. Dalam memberikan keadilan bagi korban, diperlukan peran APH yang berperspektif korban. Selain keadilan, korban NCII anak di bawah umur juga membutuhkan pemulihan dan penanganan pasca-kejadian agar korban dapat kembali beraktivitas layaknya anak pada umumnya. Selain itu, penanganan korban NCII juga membutuhkan sinergisitas antara lembaga-lembaga sosial terkait. Pemerintah, APH, dan lembaga sosial harus bahu-membahu dalam pencegahan dan penanganan perkara-perkara NCII yang dialami korban anak di bawah umur untuk mencapai keadilan, perlindungan, dan pemulihan bagi korban.

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This research aims to explore how legal protection is for victims of Online Gender Based Violence (KBGO) using the Non-Consensual Dissemination of Intimate Images (NCII) mode in Indonesia amidst the absence of laws that specifically regulate it. NCII is an act of distributing intimate content without consent. This action is a form of KBGO which often occurs to underage girls. The motives for NCII generally start with a romantic relationship, recording intimate content without consent or with consent, which ends with threats and distributing intimate content without the victim's consent. In Indonesia, NCII is still regulated in a limited context, namely only in Article 14 paragraph (1) of the TPKS Law concerning recording intimate content without consent, and Article 27 paragraph (1) of the ITE Law concerning transmitting immoral content. Through this research, the author found that although Indonesian law has regulated the elements of NCII criminal acts, its implementation is sometimes still not optimal. In an NCII case, there are usually several other elements of the act that meet the criteria for a criminal act. However, the punishment imposed on the perpetrator is only an element of the crime of spreading immoral content. This has the potential to harm victims in getting justice. Therefore, through socio-legal methods, this research examines how the most ideal handling of NCII cases can provide justice and protection for victims. Resolving legal action is not an easy thing for victims, because there is stigma from society, schools, and even law enforcement officers which worsens the victim's situation. Therefore, NCII victims, especially minors, need more protection in pursuing legal remedies, starting from the reporting process, trial, to recovery. In providing justice for victims, a law enforcement officer’s role with a victim perspective is needed. Apart from justice, minor NCII victims also need post-incident recovery and treatment so that victims can return to their activities like children in general. Apart from that, handling NCII victims also requires synergy between related social institutions. The government, law enforcement officers, and social institutions must work together in preventing and handling NCII cases experienced by minor victims to achieve justice, protection, and recovery for victims."