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Farmedia, 2001
616.5 ANT
Buku Teks SO  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Muhamad Irsyad Satrio Gunawan
"Kemampuan asam lemak sebagai antimikroba telah diteliti sejak lama dan diketahui senyawaan amida dari beberapa asam lemak memiliki aktivitas antiproliferatif pada sel kanker. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan sintesis senyawa lipoamida dekanoat-etanolamina dan lipoamida palmitat-etanolamina melalui reaksi amidasi langsung dengan mereaksikan masing-masing starting material-nya dengan etanolamina, p-xilena dan gel silika. Produk dilakukan uji bioaktivitas antimikroba dan sitotoksik antikanker dari lipoamida dekanoat-etanolamina dan lipoamida palmitat-etanolamina. Lipoamida selanjutnya diidentifikasi dengan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT), dimurnikan dengan kromatografi kolom, diuji titik leleh dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan FT-IR (Fourier transform-infrared), dan 1H-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). Rendemen reaksi lipoamida dekanoat-etanolamina sebesar 59% dan lipoamida palmitat-etanolamina sebesar 9%. Selanjutnya, struktur produk sudah terkonfirmasi dari hasil karakterisasi dengan FTIR dan 1H-NMR. Pengaruh panjang rantai alkil dari kedua senyawa memiliki peran yang berbeda dari kedua aplikasi uji yang telah dilakukan. Lipoamida dekanoat-etanolamina menunjukkan hasil yang lebih tinggi pada uji antimikroba sedangkan lipoamida palmitat-etanolamina pada uji antikanker sifat sitotoksiknya lebih tinggi dibanding lipoamida dekanoat-etanolamina. Hasil pengujian bioaktivitas antimikroba menunjukkan bahwa lipoamida dekanoat-etanolamina (1000 ppm) lebih aktif dalam respon pembentukan zona hambat yang terbentuk terhadap bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus sebesar 7,70 dan 6,55 ppm. Uji toksisitas antikanker terhadap sel HeLa menggunakan reagen MTT menghasilkan nilai IC50 dari produk lipoamida dekanoat-etanolamina dan lipoamida palmitat-etanolamina secara berturut sekitar (63.60 µM) dan (44,15 µM).

The ability of fatty acids as antimicrobials has been studied for a long time. It is known that the amide compounds of several fatty acids have antiproliferative activity in cancer cells. In this research, the synthesis of lipoamide decanoic-ethanolamine and lipoamide palmitic-ethanolamine was carried out through direct amidation reaction by reacting each starting material with ethanolamine, p-xylene, and silica gel. The product was tested for antimicrobial and cytotoxic anticancer bioactivity of decanoic-ethanolamine lipoamide and palmitic-ethanolamine lipoamide. Lipoamide was then identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC), purified by column chromatography, tested for melting point, and characterized using FT-IR (Fourier transform-infrared), and 1H-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). The yield of lipoamide decanoate-ethanolamine was 59% and lipoamide palmitic-ethanolamine was 9%. Furthermore, the product structure has been confirmed from the results of characterization with FTIR and 1H-NMR. The influence of the alkyl chain length of the two compounds has a different role from the two test applications that have been carried out. Lipoamide decanoate-ethanolamine showed higher results in the antimicrobial test while lipoamide palmitic-ethanolamine in the anticancer test had higher cytotoxic properties than lipoamide decanoate-ethanolamine. The results of the antimicrobial bioactivity test showed that decanoic-ethanolamine lipoamide (1000 ppm) was more active in response to the formation of inhibition zones formed against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria of 7.70 and 6.55 ppm. The anticancer toxicity test on HeLa cells using the MTT reagent yielded IC50 values of the decanoic-ethanolamine lipoamide and palmitic-ethanolamine lipoamide products respectively around (63.60 µM) and (44.15 µM)."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2023
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Dhian Chitra Ayu Fitria Sari
"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai pengaruh variasi medium
pertumbuhan terhadap pembentukan miselium aerial dan aktivitas antimikroba delapan
isolat rare Actinobacteria termofilik dari tanah di sekitar geiser Cisolok, Jawa Barat.
Pengujian pertumbuhan, pembentukan miselium aerial, dan aktivitas antimikroba
dilakukan dengan menumbuhkan isolat pada medium ISP 1 agar, ISP 1 gellan gum, ISP
2 agar, ISP 2 gellan gum, ISP 3 agar, ISP 3 gellan gum, Bennett’s agar, Bennett’s gellan
gum, Minimal (Mm) 3 agar, Mm 3 gellan gum, 2% agar, dan 2% gellan gum. Isolat
kemudian diinkubasi pada suhu 45 °C selama 7 dan 14 hari. Konfirmasi suhu
pertumbuhan menunjukkan 2 isolat dapat tumbuh hingga suhu 45 °C dan 6 isolat dapat
tumbuh hingga 50 °C. Hasil pengujian variasi medium pertumbuhan menunjukkan semua
isolat rare Actinobacteria dapat menghasilkan miselium substrat pada semua medium.
Hasil pengamatan setelah inkubasi selama 7 hari pada suhu inkubasi 45 °C menunjukkan
isolat-isolat tersebut dapat menghasilkan miselium aerial pada medium ISP 1 agar (2
isolat), Mm 3 agar (3 isolat), 2% agar (5 isolat), dan 2% gellan gum (5 isolat). Hasil
pengamatan setelah inkubasi selama 14 hari menunjukkan isolat-isolat tersebut dapat
menghasilkan miselium aerial pada medium ISP 1 gellan gum (2 isolat), ISP 2 agar (1
isolat), ISP 2 gellan gum (3 isolat), ISP 3 agar dan gellan gum (2 isolat), Mm 3 agar 3
isolat, dan Mm 3 gellan gum (3 isolat). Hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan
isolat SL3-2-R-11 yang ditumbuhkan pada medium ISP 3 gellan gum dan SL3-1-R-7
yang ditumbuhkan pada Bennett’s agar selama 7 hari dapat menghambat pertumbuhan
Staphylococcus aureus. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antikhamir menunjukkan isolat SL3-2-
R-11 yang ditumbuhkan pada medium ISP 3 gellan gum dan SL3-1-R-7 pada medium
Bennett’s agar selama 14 hari dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Hasil
pengujian aktivitas antifungi menunjukkan tidak ada isolat yang dapat menghambat
pertumbuhan Aspergillus flavus.

This study aims to obtain information about the effect of growth medium variations on
the formation of aerial mycelium and antimicrobial activity of eight thermophilic rare
Actinobacteria isolates from the soil around Cisolok geyser, West Java. The ability to
grow at various media, aerial mycelium formation, and antimicrobial activity were carried
out by growing isolates on medium ISP 1 agar, ISP 1 gellan gum, ISP 2 agar, ISP 2 gellan
gum, ISP 3 agar, ISP 3 gellan gum, Bennett’s agar, Bennett’s gellan gum, Minimum (Mm)
3 agar, Mm 3 gellan gum, 2% agar, and 2% gellan gum. The isolates were then incubated
at 45 oC for 7 and 14 days. Growth test at various temperatures showed that two isolates
could grow at a temperature of 45 oC and six isolates could grow up to 50 oC. The results
of the growth medium variation test showed that all rare Actinobacteria isolates could
produce substrate mycelium in all mediums. Observations after incubation for 7 days at
45 °C showed that these isolates could produce aerial mycelium on ISP 1 agar medium
(2 isolates), Mm 3 agar (3 isolates), 2% agar (5 isolates), and 2% gellan gum (5 isolates).
Observations after incubation for 14 days showed that these isolates could produce aerial
mycelium on the medium ISP 1 gellan gum (2 isolates), ISP 2 agar (1 isolate), ISP 2
gellan gum (3 isolates), ISP 3 agar and gellan gum (2 isolates), Mm 3 agar 3 isolates, and
Mm 3 gellan gum (3 isolates). The results of antibacterial activity test showed that isolates
SL3-2-R-11 grown on ISP 3 gellan gum and SL3-1-R-7 grown on Bennett’s agar for 7
days could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The antifungal activity test of
isolates SL3-2-R-11 grown on ISP 3 gellan gum medium and SL3-1-R-7 on Bennett’s
agar for 14 days showed inhibition towards Candida albicans. Meanwhile, all isolates did
not show antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus"
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2021
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Endah Wati Zahroh
"Empat belas isolat actinomycetes berhasil diisolasi dari tanah di sekitar kawasan geothermal Cisolok, Jawa Barat. Keseluruhan isolat actinomycetes dilakukan pengujian pertumbuhan pada berbagai suhu dan medium pertumbuhan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan optimum. Hasil pengujian diperoleh bahwa empat belas isolate mampu tumbuh pada suhu 25, 30, 35, 40 dan 45 °C yang diinkubasi pada ISP 1 agar selama 7 hari, namun pertumbuhan optimal mencapai batas suhu tertinggi terjadi pada suhu 45 °C dibandingkan pada suhu 50 dan 55 °C. Pada suhu 50 °C diketahui 10 dari 14 isolat mampu tumbuh dan 14 isolat tidak mampu tumbuh apada suhu 55 °C. Uji pertumbuhan pada berbagai medium diperoleh bahwa empat belas isolat mampu tumbuh pada 6 jenis medium pertumbuhan (ISP 1 agar, ISP 2 agar, ISP 3 agar, Modiffied Bennet’s agar, Mm 1 agar, dan Mm2 agar) yang di inkubasi pada suhu 45 °C selama 7 dan 14 hari, namun tumbuh optimal pada medium ISP 1 agar dan ISP 3 agar. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk diperoleh isolat actinomycetes termofilik yang potensial sebagai penghasil senyawa antimikroba dan amilase berdasarkan pendekatan OSMAC yaitu variasi medium dan suhu inkubasi. Penapisan aktivitas antimikroba dilakukan pada isolat yang ditumbuhkan di 6 jenis medium pertumbuhan yang diinkubasi pada suhu 45 °C selama 7 dan 14 hari menggunakan metode agar plug diffusion. Hasil penapisan aktivitas antimikroba diperoleh bahwa 8 dari 14 isolat menunjukkan hasil positif terhadap aktivitas antimikroba yaitu SL1-1-R-1, SL1-1-R-3, SL1-1-R-6, SL1-1-R-10, SL2-2-R-6, SL2-2-R-13, SL3-2-R-38 A2 dan SL3-2-R-38 A3. Aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S. aureus ditemukan pada tiga isolat (SL1-1-R-1, SL2-2-R-6, dan SL3-2-R-38 A3), B. subtilis pada dua isolat (SL3-2-R-38 A2 dan SL3-2-R-38 A3), dan K. rhizophila ditemukan pada tiga isolat (SL1-1-R-1, SL2-2-R-13, dan SL3-2-R-38 A3). Aktivitas antifungi terhadap C. albicans ditemukan pada empat isolat (S SL1-1-R-3, SL1-1-R-6, SL1-1-R10, dan SL2-2-R-6), A. niger pada empat isolat (SL1-1-R-1, SL1-1-R-3, SL1-1-R-6, dan SL2-2- R-6,) dan A. flavus pada satu isolat (SL2-2-R-6). Penapisan aktivitas amilolitik dilakukan dengan metode starch agar plate pada medium Mm + 1 % pati terlarut yang diinkubasi pada tiga suhu berbeda yaitu 45, 50 dan 55 °C selama 3 dan 7 hari. Hasil penapisan aktivitas amilolitik diperoleh bahwa 14 isolat positif terhadap aktivitas amilolitik. Sebanyak 14 isolat mampu mendegradasi pati pada suhu 45 °C (11 isolat mulai mendegradasi pati di hari ke-3 sedangkan 14 isolat mendegradasi pati pada hari ke-7), dua belas isolat mampu mendegradasi pati pada suhu 50 °C (9 isolat mendegradasi pati mulai dari hari ke-3 hingga hari ke-7 dan tiga isolat lainnya hanya pada hari ke-7).

Fourteen of actinomycetes isolates were successfully isolated from the soil around the Cisolok geothermal area, West Java. All actinomycetes isolates were tested for growth at various temperatures and growth mediums to determine optimum growth. The results obtained the 14 isolates were able to grow at temperatures of 25, 30, 35, 40, and 45 °C were incubated at ISP 1 agar for 7 days, but optimal growth reached the highest temperature limit at 45 °C compared to 50 and 55 °C. At 50°C, it was found that 10 out of 14 isolates were able to grow and 14 not able to growth at 55 °C. Growth tests on various media showed that fourteen isolates were able to grow on six types of growth medium (ISP 1 agar, ISP 2 agar, ISP 3 agar, Modified Bennet's agar, Mm 1 agar, and Mm2 agar) were incubated at 45 °C for 7 and 14 days, but grew optimally on ISP 1 agar and ISP 3 agar. This study also aims to obtain thermophilic actinomycetes isolates that have the potential to produce antimicrobial compounds and amylase based on the OSMAC approach (variation of medium and temperatures). The screening for antimicrobial activity was carried out on isolates grown in 6 types of growth medium which were incubated at 45 °C for 7 and 14 days using the agar plug diffusion methods. The results showed that 8 out of 14 isolates showed positive results for antimicrobial activity, namely SL1-1-R-1, SL1-1-R-3, SL1-1-R-6, SL1-1-R-10, SL2 -2-R-6, SL2-2-R-13, SL3-2-R-38 A2, and SL3-2-R-38 A3. Antibacterial activity against S. aureus was found in three isolates (SL1-1-R-1, SL2-2-R-6, and SL3-2-R-38 A3), B. subtilis in two isolates (SL3-2-R -38 A2 and SL3-2-R-38 A3), and K. rhizophila were found in three isolates (SL1-1-R-1, SL2-2-R-13, and SL3-2-R-38 A3). Antifungal activity against C. albicans was found in four isolates (S SL1-1-R-3, SL1-1-R-6, SL1-1-R-10, and SL2- 2-R-6), A. niger in four isolates (SL1-1-R-1, SL1-1-R-3, SL1-1-R-6, and SL2-2-R-6,) and A. flavus on one isolate (SL2-2-R-6). Screening for amylolytic activity using starch agar plate methods was carried out on Mm medium + 1% soluble starch and was incubated at three different temperatures; 45, 50, and 55 °C for 3 and 7 days. The results showed that 14 isolates were positive for amylolytic activity. A total of 14 isolates were able to degrade starch at 45 °C (11 isolates began to degrade starch on day 3 , while 14 isolates degraded starch on day 7), twelve isolates were able to degrade starch at 50 °C (9 isolates degraded starch from day 3 to day 7, and three other isolate only on day 7).

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Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2023
T-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Luthfiah Septiana
"COVID-19 merupakan penyakit pernapasan yang telah menjadi pandemi sejak 2020. Terapi yang digunakan untuk menangani COVID-19 antara lain adalah antibiotik dan antivirus yang keduanya termasuk ke dalam kelompok antimikroba. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa kesalahan dalam penggunaan antimikroba selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Pengetahuan dan persepsi dinilai sebagai faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi penggunaan antimikroba selama pandemi COVID-19. Sebelumnya belum ada penelitian di Indonesia yang menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan dan persepsi terhadap perilaku penggunaan antimikroba untuk COVID-19 dengan menggunakan metode Health Belief Model. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian Cross Sectional dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Subjek peneitian ini adalah pengguna antimikroba untuk COVID-19 yang berdomisili di Jabodetabek, berusia minimal 18 tahun, dan tidak memiliki latar belakang pendidikan kesehatan. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 191 sampel menggunakan kuesioner yang telah disusun. Berdasarkan hasil, diperoleh 70,2% responden telah memiliki pengetahuan yang baik, 59,2% responden memiliki perilaku yang baik, dan mayoritas responden memiliki tingkat persepsi ancaman yang tinggi yakni sebanyak 56,5%. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi yang kuat antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku (p = <0,001; r = 0,647) dan korelasi yang sedang antara persepsi hambatan dan perilaku (p = <0,001; r = -0,349). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa terdapat korelasi yang signifikan secara statistik antara variabel pengetahuan dan persepsi hambatan terhadap perilaku penggunaan antimikroba untuk COVID-19.

COVID-19 is a respiratory disease that has been a pandemic since 2020. Therapies used to treat COVID-19 include antibiotics and antivirals, both of which belong to the antimicrobial group. Previous research has shown some errors in use of antimicrobials during the COVID-19 pandemic. Knowledge and perception assessed as factors that can influence the use of antimicrobials during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previously, there were no studies in Indonesia that analyzing the relationship between knowledge and perception of antimicrobial use attitude for COVID-19 using the Health Belief Model method. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the relation between them. This study used a Cross-Sectional research design with purposive sampling techniques. The subject of this study is an antimicrobial for COVID-19 user who is domicile in Jabodetabek, is at least 18 years old, and does not have a health education background. The sample used was 191 samples using a questionnaire. Based on the results, 70.2% of respondents had good knowledge, 59.2% of respondents had good attitude, and the majority of respondents had a high level of threat perception, which is 56.5%. The results show that there is a strong correlation between knowledge and attitude (p = <0.001; r = 0.647) and a moderate correlation between the perception of obstacles and attitude (p = <0.001; r = -0.349. Based on these results, there are statistically significant differences between the variables of knowledge and perception of barriers to the attitude of antimicrobial use for COVID-19."
Depok: Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Indonesia, 2022
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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"Dalam rangka pencarian aktivitas antimikroba dari aktinomycetes di Papua, sebanyak seratus isolat Actinomycetes yang berasal dari tanah dan serasah dari beberapa ekosistem di Pulau Batanta dan Salawati, Papua Barat telah diuji. Sebanyak 200 ekstrak dari 100 isolat Actinomycetes telah diperoleh melalui dua tahap ekstraksi. Metabolit non polar diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat : metanol (4:1), sedangkan metabolit polar diperoleh dari pemekatan medium menggunakan metode kering beku. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian menggunakan metode difusi agar, sebanyak 43 dari 200 ekstrak (21,5%) memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap bakteri dan khamir (Escherichia coli NBRC 14237, Bacillus subtilis NBRC 3134, Staphylococcus aureus NBRC 13276, Micrococcus luteus NBRC 1367, Candida albicans NBRC 1594, dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae NBRC 10217). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa ekstrak Actinomycetes memiliki aktivitas anti bakteri gram negatif (1,5%), anti bakteri gram positif (17%), dan anti fungi (17%). Metabolit yang diekstraksi dengan pelarut etil asetat : metanol lebih aktif (35%) dibandingkan dengan pelarut air (17%). Sebanyak lima isolat yang memiliki aktivitas antimikroba tertinggi (BL-13-5, BL-06-5, BL-14-2, BL-22-3, dan Sl-36-1) diidentifikasi berdasarkan data sekuen gen 16S rRNA. Berdasarkan hasil pencarian homologi dengan program BLAST, diperoleh homologi spesies berturut-turut adalah Streptomyces kanamyceticus (92%), Streptomyces verne (92%), Streptomyces narbonensis (92%), Streptomyces malachitofuscus (98%), dan Streptomyces hygroscopicus (96%).

In the framework of exploitation of antimicrobial activity of Actinomycetes in Papua, one hundred isolates of Actinomycetes isolated from soil and leaf litter samples from various ecosystems in Batanta and Salawati Island, Raja Ampat, West Papua were screened. We obtained 200 crude extracts from 100 isolates based on two extraction phases. Nonpolar metabolites were extracted by ethyl acetate : methanol (4:1) solvent while the polar metabolites were concentrated using a freeze-drying method. Based on the agar dilution method, a total of 43 from 200(21.5%) crude extracts have antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeasts (Escherichia coli NBRC 14237, Bacillus subtilis NBRC 3134, Staphylococcus aureus NBRC 13276, Micrococcus luteus NBRC 1367, Candida albicans NBRC 1594 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae NBRC 10217). Some crude extracts showed anti-Gram negative (1.5%), anti-Gram positive (17%) and antifungal (17%) activities. Crude metabolites which were extracted using ethyl acetate : methanol were more effective on antimicrobial activity (35%) compared with water extraction (17%). Five most potential isolates (BL-13-5, BL-06-5, BL-14-2, BL-22-3, and Sl-36-1) were identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data. Sequence similarity search by BLAST program revealed that they show sequence similarities to Streptomyces kanamyceticus (92%), Streptomyces verne (92%), Streptomyces narbonensis (92%), Streptomyces malachitofuscus (98%), and Streptomyces hygroscopicus (96%), respectively."
Depok: Universitas Indonesia, 2012
AJ-Pdf
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Mariska Maghfiroh, auhor
"ABSTRAK
Daging adalah salah satu makanan yang cukup banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat
dalam berbagai menu masakan atas komposisi gizinya yang tinggi. Namun,
daging rentan terhadap penurunan kualitas karena kontaminasi mikroorganisme
dan oksidasi lipidnya. Telah diteliti bahwa ekstrak mengkudu mampu
menghambat pertumbuhan mikroorganisme dan memiliki antioksidan yang kuat.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen yang terkandung dalam
ekstrak buah mengkudu dan potensinya dalam memperpanjang umur simpan
daging selama masa penyimpanan 15 hari pada suhu beku. Ekstrak buah
mengkudu diperoleh dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%.
Aplikasi pada daging sapi segar dilakukan dengan variasi konsentrasi 2%; 5%;
7% (w/v). Hasil uji GCMS menunjukkan komponen senyawa tertinggi dalam
ekstrak buah mengkudu adalah senyawa furfural dan hexanoic acid. Senyawa
inilah yang diduga mempunyai kemampuan antimikroba. Kemudian, hasil
pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan nilai IC50 ekstrak buah mengkudu
sebesar 99,7 μg/ml. Hasil perhitungan koloni bakteri dengan metode TPC
menunjukkan ekstrak buah mengkudu memiliki kemampuan menghambat
pertumbuhan bakteri dibandingkan dengan bahan kimia sintetis. Semakin besar
konsentrasi ekstrak yang ditambahkan, semakin besar kemampuan ekstrak dalam
menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba.

ABSTRACT
Meat is one of food that consumed frequently by people in a variety of dishes due
to the high nutritional composition. However, meat susceptible to degradation due
to contamination of microorganism and lipid oxidation. It has been reported that
noni extract could inhibit microbial growth and has strong antioxidant. This study
aims to determine the components contained within the noni fruit extract and its
potential to extend the shelf life of meat during storage 15 days at freeze
temperature. Noni fruit extract obtained by maceration using ethanol 96%.
Applications on fresh meat made with various concentration of 2%; 5%; 7%
(w/v). GCMS test results showed the highest compound component in noni fruit
extracts are furfural and hexanoic acid. These compounds are believed to have
antimicrobial ability. Then, the test results show the antioxidant activity of
extracts has IC50 value 99.7 μg/ml. Results of counting bacterial colonies with
Total Plate Count method showed noni fruit extract has the ability to inhibit
bacterial growth as compared to synthetic chemicals. The greater the
concentration of the extract added, the greater the ability to extract in inhibiting
the growth of microbes."
2015
S65721
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Hoboken, New Jersey : Wiley, 2012
668.4 ANT
Buku Teks SO  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Mohamed El-Sakhawy
"The antimicrobial properties of bagasse paper sheets coated with natural polymers (chitosan, different ratios of (gelatin/glycerol) + chitosan, hemicellulose, hemicellulose + glycerol, hemicellulose+chitosan) or synthetic organophosphorus dimer compounds were evaluated in this work. Hemicelluloses showed moderate activity against Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans, while chitosan showed weak activity against B. subtilis. The condition that offered the highest inhibitory activity of bagasse paper was the one coated with 1,3-diaryl-2,2,2,4,4,4 hexachlorocyclodiphosph(V)azane (where aryl is p-chloroaniline or p-anisidine). The developed bagasse papers were evaluated against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and fungi. The highest inhibitory activity was obtained at a concentration of 200 mg/mL for p-chloroaniline with an inhibition zone that varied for different microbes from 6.9 mm to 26 mm. The highest inhibitory activity was obtained at 300–250 mg/mL for p-anisidine against most of the pathogenic microorganisms with an inhibition zone that varied for different microbes from 8 mm to 14.75 mm. The observed antimicrobial and antifungal activity properties for bagasse paper coated with 1,3-diaryl 2,2,2,4,4,4-hexachlorocyclodiphosph(V)azane could be attributed to the presence of Cl, P atoms, and the lone pair of electrons on N atoms in the structure of the dimers."
Depok: Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, 2016
UI-IJTECH 7:6 (2016)
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Mohamed El-Sakhawy
"The antimicrobial properties of bagasse paper sheets coated with natural polymers (chitosan, different ratios of (gelatin/glycerol) + chitosan, hemicellulose, hemicellulose + glycerol, hemicellulose+chitosan) or synthetic organophosphorus dimer compounds were evaluated in this work. Hemicelluloses showed moderate activity against Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans, while chitosan showed weak activity against B. subtilis. The condition that offered the highest inhibitory activity of bagasse paper was the one coated with 1,3-diaryl-2,2,2,4,4,4- hexachlorocyclodiphosph(V)azane (where aryl is p-chloroaniline or p-anisidine). The developed bagasse papers were evaluated against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and fungi. The highest inhibitory activity was obtained at a concentration of 200 mg/mL for p-chloroaniline with an inhibition zone that varied for different microbes from 6.9 mm to 26 mm. The highest inhibitory activity was obtained at 300–250 mg/mL for panisidine against most of the pathogenic microorganisms with an inhibition zone that varied for different microbes from 8 mm to 14.75 mm. The observed antimicrobial and antifungal activity properties for bagasse paper coated with 1,3-diaryl 2,2,2,4,4,4 hexachlorocyclodiphosph(V)azane could be attributed to the presence of Cl, P atoms, and the lone pair of electrons on N atoms in the structure of the dimers."
Depok: Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, 2016
UI-IJTECH 7:6 (2016)
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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