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"Hernia Nukleus Pulposus (HNP) adalah salah satu penyakit tulang belakang yang paling umum. HNP merupakan keadaan dimana nukleus pulposus keluar menonjol untuk kemudian menekan ke arah kanalis spinalis melalui anulus fibrosus yang robek. HNP paling sering ditemukan di vertebra lumbalis dan hanya sebagian kecil ditemukan di daerah servikal. HNP lumbal paling sering pada daerah L4-L5 atau L5-S1. Dampak dan masalah keperawatan yang muncul pada pasien dengan HNP dapat mengakibatkan gangguan pada fungsi fisilogis, psikologis, dan sosial serta kemandirian dalam berpartipasi dalam aktivitas sehari-hari. Berdasarkan hal tersebut diperlukan suatu pengkajian yang luas dalam menilai perubahan fungsional tersebut. Tujuan penulisan studi kasus ini yaitu menganalisis proses keperawatan pada pasien HNP L5-S1 paskaoperasi mikrodisektomi dengan pendekatan teori adaptasi Roy. Studi ini menggambarkan proses keperawatan secara komprehensif pada pasien HNP L5-S1 paskaoperasi mikrodisektomi. Proses keperawatan berdasarkan teori adaptasi Roy yang telah dilakukan pada pasien dengan HNP menunjukkan bahwa melalui pembentukan perilaku adaptif maka pasien dapat mencapai tujuan pengendalian penyakit dan komplikasinya. Partisipasi aktif pasien selama proses keperawatan membantu mencapai adaptasi secara fisik dan psikologis.

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Hernia Nucleus Pulposus (HNP) is among the most prevalent spinal conditions. HNP is a condition in which the nucleus pulposus protrudes through the torn annulus fibrosus and presses against the spinal canal. The majority of HNP is located in the lumbar vertebrae, while only a small percentage is found in the cervical region. Lumbar HNP is most prevalent in the L4-L5 and L5-S1 regions. Patients with HNP may experience disturbances in their physiological, psychological, and social functions, as well as their independence in participating in daily activities, as a result of the impact and nursing issues they experience. Based on this, a comprehensive evaluation is required to assess these functional changes. The purpose of this case study is to apply Roy's adaptation theory to analyze the nursing process in HNP L5-S1 patients following microdiscectomy surgery. This study describes in detail the nursing process for HNP L5-S1 patients following microdiscectomy surgery. The nursing process based on Roy's adaptation theory that has been implemented with HNP patients demonstrates that the patient can control the disease and its complications through the development of adaptive behavior. Active participation of the patient in the nursing process facilitates physical and psychological adaptation."

"Praktek klinik lanjut selama praktek residensi keperawatan pada system neurologi dimaksudkan untuk mampu memberikan asuhan keperawatan, menerapkan Evidence Based Nursing (EBN) serta mampu berperan sebagai innovator dan edukator di ruang perawatan. Peran pemberi asuhan keperawatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan model adaptasi Roy pada pasien dengan cedera kepala dan 30 pasien lainnyadengan berbagai gangguan sistem neurologi atau persarafan. Perilaku maladaptive paling banyak adalah mode adaptasi fisiologi, yaitu ketidakefektifan perfusi jaringan cerebral. Intervensi keperawatan berupa manajemen edema cerebral ditujukkan untuk meningkatkan adaptasi pasien dalam meningkatkan perfusi jaringan ceredral. Penerapan EBN Repetitive Facilitative Exercise (RFE) pada empat pasien stroke fase subakut menunjukkan keefektifan dalam meningkatkan fungsi motorik ekstremitas atas pasien stroke. Program inovasi keperawatan berupa penerapan program pencegahan kejadian jatuh pada pasien neurologi di rawat inap.

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Advanced clinical practice during nursing residency practice in the neurology system is intended to be able to provide nursing care, implement Evidence Based Nursing (EBN) and be able to act as innovators and educators in the treatment room. The role of the nursing care provider was carried out using Roy's adaptation model in patients with head injuries and 30 other patients with various neurological or neurological system disorders. Maladaptive behavior is the most common mode of physiological adaptation, which is the ineffectiveness of cerebral tissue perfusion. Nursing interventions in the form of cerebral edema management are aimed at increasing patient adaptation in enhancing ceredral tissue perfusion. The application of EBN Repetitive Facilitative Exercise (RFE) in four stroke patients in the subacute phase showed effectiveness in improving motor function of the upper limb of stroke patients. The nursing innovation program is in the form of a fall prevention program in neurology patients hospitalized."

"Praktek klinik dilakukan dengan memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dengan gangguan sistem persarafan menggunakan Model adaptasi Roy. Asuhan keperawatan kelolaan diberikan pada pasien dengan Meningtis-Ensefalitis Tuberculosa. Pengkajian keperawatan menunjukkan masalah pada mode adaptasi fisiologi, yaitu: ketidakefektifan perfusi jaringan serebri. Intervensi keperawatan ditujukan untuk meningkatkan adaptasi pasien dalam meningkatkan perfusi jaringan serebri. Peran sebagai peneliti dan pendidikan dilakukan dengan menerapkan Evidance Based Nursing: memberikan back massage: cooper model yang setelah pelaksanaan terbukti mampu mencegah kejadian ulkus decubitus. Peran praktikan sebagai inovator, dilakukan dengan mengaplikasikan kegiatan inovasi Bladder training pada pasien yang terpasang kateter urin. Dengan hasil evaluasi bahwa bladder training mampu meninngkatkan kemampuan berkemih pasien dan mencegah pemasangan kateter urin yang tidak perlu.

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The clinical practice is conducted by providing nursing care for patients with nervous system disorders by using Roy Adaptation Model. Nursing care focus is given to patients with meningitis-encephalitis Tuberculosa. Nursing assessment indicates a problem on the mode of adaptation physiology, which are: ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion. Nursing interventions are aimed to improve patient adaptation in increasing cerebral tissue perfusion. Role as a researcher and education is conducted by application of Evidence based nursing: giving back massage: cooper model as implementation to prevent decubitus ulcers. Practitioner role as an innovator is done by applying the Bladder training to patients with a urinary catheter inserted. With the results of the evaluation that bladder training is able to increase voiding ability of patients and prevent unnecessary use of urinary catheters."

"Praktik spesialis Keperawatan Medikal Bedah peminatan sistem persyarafan ini bertujuan untuk melakukan praktik dengan mengaplikasikan peran perawat melalui pendekatan Model Adaptasi Roy. Masalah keperawatan terbanyak akibat respon perilaku inefektif pada mode adaptasi fisiologis yaitu ketidakefektifan perfusi jaringan otak, mode adaptasi psikologis yaitu ansietas, sedangkan mode fungsi peran yaitu manajemen kesehatan diri tidak efektif. Intervensi keperawatan berdasarkan pembuktian yang telah diterapkan yaitu Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) dalam menurunkan tekanan darah, nadi dan kecemasan pada pasien stroke. Kegiatan inovasi keperawatan berupa penggunaan Bladder Training sebagai salah satu upaya untuk melatih kandung kemih dan mengembalikan pola normal perkemihan dengan menghambat atau menstimulasi pengeluaran air kemih melalui kegiatan seperti conditioning, pemberian cairan, stimulasi dan latihan kegel. Perawat dapat menerapkan Model Adaptasi Roy, menerapkan PMR untuk meningkatkan relaksasi serta melakukan kegiatan inovatif dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada gangguan neurologi.

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Medical Surgical Nursing Practice Specialist in neurology system aims in practice by applying the role of nurses through the Roy Adaptation Model Approach. The most frequent nursing problems occured was ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion caused by ineffective behavior response on physical adaptation mode, and anxiety from psychological adaptation mode. Ineffective self-care management was the nursing problem from role function mode. Nursing intervention based on evidence based practice on Progressive Muscle Relaxation in reducing blood pressure, heart beat and anxiety. Nursing innovation in this clinical practice was the use of bladder training program to regulate sensation urgency and void according to a timetable by using many activities include conditioning, increasing fluid intake, stimulation and kegel exercise. Nurse can implement Roy’s Adaptation Theory with Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) application to improve relaxation, and at the same time can execute innovation activities in delivering nursing care on neurological disorder."

"Praktek klinik lanjut selama praktek residensi keperawatan pada sistem neurologi dimaksudkan untuk mampu memberikan asuhan keperawatan, menerapkan Evidence Based Nursing (EBN) serta mampu berperan sebagai innovator di ruang perawatan. Peran pemberi asuhan keperawatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan model adaptasi Roy pada pasien dengan status epileptikus dan 30 pasien lainnya dengan berbagai gangguan sistem persarafan. Perilaku maladaptif paling banyak adalah mode adaptasi fisiologi, yaitu ketidakefektifan perfusi jaringan cerebral. Intervensi keperawatan berupa manajemen edema cerebral ditujukkan untuk meningkatkan adaptasi pasien dalam meningkatkan perfusi jaringan ceredral. Penerapan EBN diagonally aligned sitting training (DAST) pada empat pasien stroke menunjukkan keefektifan DAST dalam meningkatkan keseimbangan duduk pasien fase awal pasca stroke. Program inovasi keperawatan berupa penerapan program pencegahan kejadian jatuh pada pasien neurologi di rawat inap.

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Advance clinical practice in neurological system during residency period is proposed to be able to provide nursing care, implement the evidence based nursing (EBN) and be able to act as innovator in the treatment room. The role of nurse care provider was made using Roy’s adaptation model in patients with status epilepticus and 30 other patients with various neural system disorders. The most maladaptive behavior is the physiological adaptation mode is the ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion, The nursing management intervention was cerebral edema management to improve patient adaptation in enchancing cerebral tissue perfusion. Implementation of EBN: diagonally aligned sitting training (DAST) in four patients with stroke can improve the sitting balance of the patients in the early post stroke phase. Implementation of the fall prevention program can be used for prevent the patient’s fall risk. Keywords: neurological disorder, status epilepticus, prevent risk, diagonally aligned sitting training, Roy Adaptation Model."

"Latar BelakangPandemi COVID-19 telah dinyatakan berakhir oleh World Health Organization sehingga anak- anak dengan gangguan neurologis dan neurodevelopmental perlu untuk beradaptasi kembali. Oleh karena itu, penelitian mengenai adaptasi pascapandemi terkait layanan kesehatan, perkembangan masalah medis anak, hubungan anak dengan keluarga dan teman, perilaku anak, dan masalah yang dihadapi oleh orang tua, pengasuh, dan keluarga dalam penanganan anak perlu dilakukan untuk merancang intervensi dan kebijakan yang mendukung mereka dalam menghadapi situasi serupa di masa depan.MetodePenelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada orang tua atau pengasuh pasien Poliklinik Neurologi Anak RSCM Kiara pada Oktober-November 2023 dengan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner yang berisi 48 pertanyaan untuk mengetahui adaptasi pascapandemi COVID-19 terhadap anak-anak dengan gangguan neurologis dan neurodevelopmental. Data disajikan dalam N dan persentase serta rerata dan standar deviasi (jika terdistribusi normal) atau median dan nilai minimum-maksimum (jika tidak terdistribusi normal).HasilJumlah subjek yang terlibat adalah 125 orang, yang didominasi oleh ibu (85,6%), dengan median (min-maks) usia anak 7 (2-17) tahun, dan diagnosis anak didominasi oleh epilepsi (58,3%). Setelah pandemi, sebanyak 54,4% responden mengalami kesulitan layanan kesehatan dalam aspek waktu tunggu rawat jalan dan 56,8% melaporkan adanya perbaikan dalam masalah medis. Mayoritas hubungan anak dengan keluarga adalah baik ketika sebelum dan selama pandemi (48,8%) serta setelah pandemi (49,6%). Terkait hubungan anak dengan teman, selama pandemi, hampir separuh anak tidak melakukan kontak dengan teman-teman mereka (44,8%), tetapi sekarang, mayoritas anak telah kembali bermain secara langsung (62,4%). Terkait perubahan perilaku pascapandemi, sebanyak 43,2% melaporkan relatif sama saja. Sementara terkait masalah yang dihadapi oleh orang tua, pengasuh, dan keluarga dalam penanganan anak, 40,8% menyatakan bahwa tidak ada kesulitan dalam menangani anak-anak mereka setelah pandemi. KesimpulanAdaptasi pascapandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak pada layanan kesehatan, perkembangan medis anak, perubahan perilaku, dan hubungan dengan teman terhadap anak-anak dengan gangguan neurologis dan neurodevelopmental, meskipun sebagian besar hubungan keluarga tetap baik, dan sebagian besar orang tua melaporkan tidak adanya perubahan signifikan dalam situasi kerja atau tidak ada kesulitan yang dihadapi dalam menangani anak.

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Introduction

The World Health Organization has declared the COVID-19 pandemic over, so children with neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders need to adapt again. Therefore, research on post- pandemic adaptation related to health services, the development of children's medical problems, children's relationships with family and friends, children's behavior, and problems faced by parents, caregivers, and families in treating children needs to be carried out to design interventions and policies that support them in facing similar situations in the future.

Method

This research is a cross-sectional study on parents or caregivers of patients at the Children's Neurology Polyclinic RSCM Kiara in October-November 2023 with a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire containing 48 questions to determine post-COVID-19 pandemic adaptation for children with neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders. Data are presented in N and percentage as well as mean and standard deviation (if normally distributed) or median and minimum-maximum values (if not normally distributed).

Results

The number of subjects involved was 125 people, dominated by mothers (85,6%), with a median (min-max) child age of 7 (2-17) years, and the child's diagnosis was dominated by epilepsy (58,3%). After the pandemic, 54,4% of respondents experienced health service difficulties regarding outpatient waiting times, and 56,8% reported improvements in medical problems. Most children's relationships with their families were good before and during the pandemic (48,8%) and after (49,6%). Regarding children's relationships with friends, during the pandemic, almost half of children had no contact with their friends (44,8%), but now, most children have returned to playing in person (62,4%). Regarding changes in post-pandemic behavior, 43,2% reported that it was relatively the same. Meanwhile, regarding the problems parents, caregivers, and families faced in handling children, 40,8% stated there were no difficulties managing their children after the pandemic.

Conclusion

Post-pandemic COVID-19 adaptation has had an impact on health services, children's medical development, changes in behavior, and relationships with friends for children with neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders; although most family relationships remain good, and most parents report no significant differences in a work situation, or there are no difficulties faced in dealing with children."

"Peran perawat spesialis diperlukan untuk peningkatan kualitas pelayanan asuhan keperawatan yang kompleks dan akurat sebagai pemberi asuhan keperawatan tingkat lanjut kasus neurosain, pendidik, advokat, serta agen pembaharu melalui penerapan evidence based nursing (EBN) dan proyek inovasi. Asuhan keperawatan tingkat lanjut menggunakan teori Adaptasi Roy yaitu pengelolaan pasien meningitis tuberkulosis sebagai kasus utama dan 30 resume gangguan sistem neurologi. Teori Roy banyak bertujuan meningkatkan perilaku adaptif dan mengubah perilaku inefektif. Diagnosis keperawatan yang paling banyak ditemukan pada pasien gangguan sistem neurologi adalah ketidakefektifan perfusi jaringan serebral dan hambatan mobilitas fisik. Penerapan EBN dilakukan pada pasien stroke yang mengalami disfagia. Pasien diberikan latihan menelan shaker exercise hasilnya menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan menelan dan tidak terjadi aspirasi. Proyek inovasi kelompok menerapkan Pengembangan Media Edukasi Perawatan Pasien Brain Tumor Craniotomy. Penerapan proyek inovasi meningkatkan pengetahuan pasien, keterampilan pasien latihan napas dalam dan mobilisasi setelah operasi, dan menambah kepercayaan diri perawat saat memberikan edukasi. Pengalaman praktik residensi diharapkan menambah kompetensi dan peran perawat spesialis di lahan klinik.

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The role of nurse specialists is needed to improve the quality of complex and accurate nursing care services as providers of advanced nursing care in cases of neuroscience, educators, advocates, and agents of reform through the application of evidence based nursing (EBN) and innovation projects. Advanced nursing care uses Roy's Adaptation theory, which is the management of meningitis tuberculosis patients as the main case and 30 resumes of neurological system disorders. Roys theory aims to improve adaptive behavior and change ineffective behavior. The most common nursing diagnoses found in patients with neurological system disorders are ineffective perfusion of cerebral tissue and barriers to physical mobility.

EBN application is performed on stroke patients who have dysphagia. The patient is given training to swallow the exercise shaker, which results in increased swallowing ability and no aspiration. The group innovation project applies Development of Educational Media for Nursing Brain Tumor Craniotomy Patients. The application of innovation projects increases patient knowledge, the skills of patients in deep breathing exercises and mobilization after surgery, and increases nurse confidence when providing education. The residency practice experience is expected to increase the competency and role of specialist nurses on the clinic grounds."

"Peran perawat spesialis neurosains dalam praktik keperawatan antara lain sebagai pemberi asuhan keperawatan lanjut, melaksanakan pembuktian ilmiah, pendidik, advokat, kolaborator, dan agen pembaharu. Asuhan keperawatan lanjut dilaksanakan pada pasien dengan kasus tumor otak dan 30 pasien gangguan neurologi menggunakan pendekatan model adaptasi Roy. Perilaku maladaptif paling banyak terganggu pada mode fisiologis dengan diagnosis ketidakefektifan perfusi jaringan serebral. Penerapan Evidence Based Nursing berupa latihan Range of Motion (ROM) pasif bilateral ekstremitas atas pada dua pasien stroke akut dengan hemiparese menunjukkan hasil peningkatan fungsi ekstremitas atas dan Activity of Daily Living (ADL). Program inovasi pengembangan media edukasi perawatan pasien kraniotomi pengangkatan tumor menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan pasien secara signifikan (p=0,038) dan memudahkan perawat dalam memberikan edukasi secara efektif.

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The role of nurse specialist in nursing practice consist of advanced nursing care providers, conduct scientific evidence, educator, advocat, collaborator, and change agent. Advanced nursing care is done by Roy Adaptation Models approach on brain tumor and 30 other neurological disorders patients. Maladaptive behavior at most in a physiological mode with ineffective cerebral perfusion nursing diagnosis.

Evidence Based Nursing was performed by applying bilateral passive Range of Motion (ROM) of upper extremity at two acute stroke patient with hemiplegi and it showed an increase in function of upper extremities and the activity of daily living. The innovation programme by develop an education media for caring patient with craniotomy removal tumor showed significant increase in patient knowledge (p=0,038) and help nurses to give an effective education."

"Praktik klinik lanjut di ruang neurologi bertujuan memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien gangguan neurologi khususnya spondilitis TB menggunakan teori keperawatan Model Adaptasi Roy, menerapkan paraktik keperawatan berdasarkan pembuktian dan melakukan inovasi keperawatan. Masalah keperawatan yang sering muncul akibat perilaku inefektif pada mode adaptasi fisiologis yaitu perfusi jaringan serebral tidak efektif, mode adaptasi konsep diri yaitu kecemasan, sedangkan mode fungsi peran yaitu pemeliharan kesehatan tidak efektif. Intervensi keperawatan berdasarkan pembuktian yaitu Pemakaian Bantal dekubitus untuk mencegah terjadinya ulkus tekan pada tumit. Inovasi keperawatan yaitu program bladder training pada pasien gangguan neurologis setelah pelepasan kateter. Perawat dapat menerapkan Model Adaptasi Roy, pemakaian bantal dekubitus untuk mencegah terjadinya luka tekan pada tumit dalam memberikan asuha keperawatan pada gangguan neurologi.

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Advanced clinical practice on patient with neurogical system disorder specialy Spondylosis Tuberculluse using Roy’s Adaptation theory is implementataion of nursing practice based on evidence and implementation of nursing innovation. The most frequent nursing problem occurred was ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion caused by ineffective behaviour response on physical adaptation mode, anxiety from self-esteem mode. Ineffective self-care management was nursing problem from role function mode. Nursing intervention based on evidence based practice on Using heel pressure cushion to prevent heel pressure. Nursing innovation in this clinical practice was Bladder training programme for neurological system disorder. Nurse can implement Roy’s Adaptation Theory with using heel pressure cushion, and innovation activities in delivering nursing care on neurogical disorder"