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"Dewasa mi gentamisin masih inerupakan obat yang pentinguntuk mengatasi infeksi berat kuman gram negatif; Karena batas keamanan gentamisin sempit maka hal ml merupkrn masalah dalam penggunaannya. Telah dilakukan pengukuran kadar gentamisin dalam serum dari 16 orang penderita pasca bedah di Bagian Kebidanan 115CM. Setiap penderita disuntikkan 80 mg gen,tamisin secara intramuskuler setiap 12 jam,selama 5 hari.pengambilam--.saxpel'.'dila kukan pada saat sebeluzn d.isuntikkan,3- jam,1 jam, 13- jam,3jam.,8 jam, 12 jam seteiah pemberian dan sesaat sebelum diberikan dosisPenentuan kadar gentamisin dalam serum dilakukan dengan cara difusi agar menurut Sabath 1930 (26) ,yang telahfikasi. Basil pengukuran yang diperoleb kemudian dicari kadar puncak dan dihiung waktu paruh gentamisin dalam serum, Dari penelitian ini didapatkan kadar puncak yang bervariasiantara 2,6 santpai 9,3 mcg/ml, ditemukan kadar subtera-peutik pada 2 penderita, waktu paruh rata-rata 2,4 jam dengan variasi antara 1 1,6 sampai Li.,6 jam. Dengan cara dan dosis yang lazim digunakan saat mi di. Bagian Kebidanan RSCM tidak ada kecenderungan terjadi toksisitas a k i b a t kumulasi, tetapi pada sebagian penderita tampaknya kadar terapeutik tidak tercapai.

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Gentaniicin is still an important drug to overcome serious

infections due to gram-negative pathogens.The narrow mar

gin of safety of this drug raises proble!n in its therapeutic

uses.

Serum levels of gentanilcin were determined from 16 post

operativepatients in the Gynaecological Department of RSCM

Each patient was given intramuscular injection of 80 mg of

gentainicin every 12 hours for five days.Blood sampling was

done at the moment before injection and half, one, one and a

half, three, eight, twelve hours after administration and at

the moment before the last dose was given.

Gentaniicin level in the serum was determined using modi

fied agar diffusion assay according to Sabath 1980 (26).

From the result of the measurement the peak level was detected

and calculation of half-life inerum was done. Peak level between 2,6 and 9,3 mc/m1 were obtained from this studies in which two-patients.--showed subtherapeutic

levels.The mean of half-life was 2,4 hours ; range between

1,6 and 4,6 hours. It is concluded that this dose regimen does not likely to cause accumulation of drug. It may otherwise gives subtherapeut.ic levels."

"Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara kadar vitamin C serumdengan kadar SOD eritrosit pada penderita HIV/AIDS . Penelitian dilakukan di UPTHIV RSUPNCM Jakarta mulai bulan Februari sampai Maret 2013. Penelitian inimerupakan studi potong lintang terhadap 52 orang penderita HIV. Data yang diambilmeliputi data karakteristik subyek berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin dan pendidikan,asupan energi, asupan vitamin C, status gizi, riwayat pengobatan ARV, jumlahlimfosit T CD4. Dilakukan pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk mengukur kadar vitaminC serum dan kadar SOD eritrosit. Analisis korelasi menggunakan uji Pearson dengankemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil: Subyek penelitian 25 perempuan dan 27 laki-laki, reratausia 33,60±4,84 tahun. 80,8% berada dalam rentang usia 30–40 tahun dan 82,7%berpendidikan sedang. Asupan energi 76,9% kurang dengan rerata untuk perempuan1700,41±316,25kkal/hari dan rerata laki-laki 1996,33±525,72kkal/hari. Asupanvitamin C 100% kurang dengan rerata untuk perempuan 46,62±15,66mg/hari danlaki-laki 46,97±13,39mg/hari. Status gizi 44,2% cukup dan 40,4% lebih dengan rerataIMT 21,98±3,48kg/m2. Sebanyak 94,2% sudah mendapat ARV dan jumlah limfosit TCD4 terbanyak berada pada kategori II CDC (200–499sel/?L) yaitu sebanyak 63,5%dengan median 245(50–861)sel/?L. Kadar vitamin C serum sebanyak 92,3% dalamkategori rendah dengan median 0,23(0,10–0,56)mg/dL. Kadar SOD eritrositterbanyak (53,8%) dalam kategori normal dengan rerata 1542,10±5,42U/gHb.Terdapat korelasi negatif lemah yang tidak bermakna antara kadar vitamin C serumdengan kadar SOD eritosit (r= −0,109 dan p=0,442)

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The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between serum vitamin

C concentration and erythrocyte SOD concentration of HIV/AIDS patients. Study

was conducted at UPT HIV/AIDS RSUPNCM from February to March 2013. The

study was a cross sectional study of 52 HIV/AIDS patients. Data collected including

subject characteristic age, sex, education, energy intake by food record 2x24 hour,

vitamin C intake by FFQ semikuantitatif, nutritional status, history of ART, and CD4

lymphocyte count. Conducted laboratory tests to measure serum vitamin C

concentration and erythrocyte SOD concentration. Statistical analysis was done using

Pearson’s correlation test.

Result: Subject consisted of 27 men and 25 women, mean of age 33.60±4.84years

old. 80.8% age in range 30–40years old. 82.7% were medium education level. 76.9%

subject had low energy intake, mean 1700.41±316.25kcal/day for women and mean

1996.33±525.72kcal/day for men. 100% subject had low vitamin C intake with mean

46.62±15.66mg/day for women and 46.97±13.39mg/day for men. . Nutritional status

of 44.2% had normal and 40.4% over enough with a mean BMI 21.98±3.48 kg/m2.

94.2% had ART and 63.5% lymphocyte count at category II CDC with mean

245(50–861)cell/?L. 92.3% subyek had low serum vitamin C concentration with

median 0.23(0.10–0.56)mg/dL. 53.8% subject had normal erythrocyte SOD

concentration with mean 1542.10±5.42U/gHb. There was no correlation between

serum vitamin C and erythrocyte SOD. (r=−0.109 and p=0.442)"

"ABSTRACT

Objective : To study the eH`ect of vitamin C 1000 mg i.v and E 400 mg oral supplementation on serum c-reactive protein level as parameter of inflammation in burn patients.

Methods: This study was a one group pre post test that gave i.v 1000 mg vitamin C and oral 400 mg vitamin E supplementations to thirteen moderate-severe burn patients, with percentage of burn less than 60%, in burn unit Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Data were collected using questionnaire, medical record, anthropometric measurement, dietary assessment using four consecutive days food record. Laboratory test for serum vitamin C, E and serum c-reactive protein levels- were evaluated before and after supplementations. Differences in mean values were assessed by Wilcoxon for the not normal distribution.

Results: Among thirteen subjects, Seven (53.80%) Subjects were female, median of age 35 (18-55) years. Body mass index in most subjects (69.2%) were categorized as normal. The median percentages of burn injury 22 (5~57)%, and the frequency of severe burn was 6l.50%, while the most cause of burn was flame (76.9%). Level of vitamin C after treatment was increased, but not significant. Level of vitamin E after treatment was significantly increased (p=0,016). Level of CRP after supplementation significantly increased (p=0.04).

Conclussion: There was significantly reduced of level serum CRP after four days vitamin C1000 mg i.v dan E 400 mg oral supplementations."

"ABSTRAKTujuanMengetahui pengaruh suplementasi vitamin C 1000 mg i.v dan E 400 mg oral selama empat hari berturut-turut terhadap kadar malondialdehid (MDA) plasma. sebagai penanda stres oksidatif pada penderita luka bakar sedang berat.Penelitian ini merupakan one group pre post tes yang memberikan suplementasi vitamin C t 000 mg i.v dan vitamin E 400 mg oral yang pada 13 subyek penelitian yaitu penderita luka bakar kategorl sedang berat dengan luas luka bakar kurang dari 60%, yang dirawat di Unit Luka Bakar RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, rekam medik, pengukuran antropometri analisis asupan menggunakan metode food record, dan pemeriksaan laboratorium, berupa pemeriksaan kadar vitamin C, E serum dan MDA plasma pada sebelum dan setelah suplementasi. Analisis data untuk data berpasangan menggunakan uji t berpasangan dan uji Wilcoxon, sedangkan untuk dua kelompok tidak berpasangan menggunakan uji Mann Whitney. Batas kemaknaan pada penelitian ini ada1ah 5o/a.Sebanyak 13 orang subyek penelitian, terdiri dari perempuan 53.85o/o, dengan median usia 32 (18 55) subyek memiliki status gizi normal (61.54%), Median luas Juka bakar adalah 22 (5-57)%, dengan kasus terbanyak adalah luka bakar berat (61.50%), dan penyebab terbanyak adalah api (76.9%). Kadar vitamin C pasca suplementasi menga!ami sedikit peningkatan yang tidak bermakna. Kadar vitamin E subyek penelitian meningkat bermakna (p=0,016) pasca suplementasi, walaupun masih dalam kategori rendah. Kadar MDA pasca supiementasi mengalami penurunan bermakna(p=O,Ol9)."

"Salah satu peran sistem imunitas terhadap infeksi M.leprae adalah respons makrofag melalui interaksinya dengan vitamin D dan reseptor vitamin D (RVD). Interaksi vitamin D dengan RVD pada berbagai sel imun akan menstimulasi ekspresi katelisidin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kadar serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) dan kadar plasma RVD serta hubungannya dengan IB pada pasien kusta. Penelitian ini berupa observasional-analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Sebanyak 28 subjek penelitian (SP) menjalani pemeriksaan slit-skin smear kemudian diagnosis kusta ditegakkan berdasarkan tanda kardinal kusta. Penelitian ini juga menilai kecukupan pajanan matahari menggunakan kuesioner pajanan matahari mingguan. Kadar serum 25(OH)D diperiksa dengan metode chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) dan kadar plasma RVD dilakukan dengan metode enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Median kadar serum 25(OH)D adalah 12,68 ng/ml (4,88 – 44,74). Median kadar plasma RVD adalah 1,36 ng/ml (0,26 – 8,04). Berdasarkan analisis regresi multivariat, tidak terdapat hubungan antara IB dengan kadar serum 25(OH)D dan kadar plasma RVD (R square = 0,055). Tedapat korelasi positif kuat antara kadar serum 25(OH)D dengan skor pajanan sinar matahari (r = 0,863; p < 0,001).

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One of many immunity system’s roles against M. leprae infection is macrophage response through its interaction with vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR). The interaction between vitamin D and VDR in various immune cells will stimulate the expression of cathelicidin. The objective is to analyze the serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ (25(OH)D) and plasma level of VDR as well as their association with IB in leprosy patients. This observational analytic study was performed with cross-sectional design. A total of 28 subjects underwent a slit-skin smear examination and then the diagnosis of leprosy was made based on the cardinal signs. This study also assessed the patient’s sun exposure with weekly sun exposure questionnaire. Serum 25(OH)D level was assessed with chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) method and RVD plasma level was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Median serum level of 25(OH)D was 12.68 ng/ml (4.88 – 44.74). Median plasma level of VDR was 1.36 ng/ml (0.26 – 8.04). Based on multivariate regression analysis, there was no significant association between BI and serum level of 25(OH)D and plasma level of VDR (R square = 0.055). There was strong positive correlation between serum level of 25(OH)D and sun exposure score (r = 0.863; p < 0.001)."

"Latar Belakang: Tumor sel germinal mediastinum merupakan kelompok neoplasma gonad yangsensitif terhadap kemoterapi, namun agresif dan memiliki prognosis buruk. Penegakkan diagnosisdini yang tepat adalah hal yang penting dan salah satunya adalah dengan penilaian penanda tumoralpha fetoprotein (AFP) dan beta human chorionic gonadotropin (ßHCG).Metode: penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain uji diagnostik dengan pendekatan potong lintangterhadap pasien tumor sel germinal nonseminoma mediastinum di RSUP Persahabatan sejakJanuari 2015 hingga Desember 2022 dengan mengukur kadar Alfa Fetoprotein dan HumanChorionic Gonadotropin serum dan dilakukan pemeriksaan histopatologi. Analisis data dilakukanuntuk menguji sensitivitas, spesifisitas, nilai duga positif, nilai duga negatif, akurasi diagnostik,dan analisis kurva receiver operating characteristic (ROC).Hasil: Dari total 362 subjek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, dari kedua penanda tumor AFP danßHCG didapatkansensitivitas 90,77% (IK 95% 80,98% - 96,54%), spesifisitas 97,98% (IK 95%95,65% - 99,26%), nilai duga positif 90,77% (IK 95% 81,61% - 95,61%), nilai duga negatif97,98% (IK 95% 95,77% - 99,05%), rasio kekerapan positif 45,4 (IK 95% 20,27 – 99,58), rasiokekerapan negatif 0,09 (IK 95% 0,04 – 0,2), serta nilai akurasi diagnostik sebesar 96,69% (IK95% 94,28% - 98,28%).Kesimpulan: Pemeriksaan kadar Alfa fetoprotein dan ßhuman chorionic gonadotropin memilikiakurasi 96,69%, sensitivitas 90,77% spesifisitas 97,98%, nilai duga positif 90,77%, nilai duganegatif = 97,98% dalam penegakkan diagnosis tumor sel germinal nonseminoma mediastinum

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Background: Mediastinal germ cell tumors are a group of gonadal neoplasms that are sensitive

to chemotherapy, but very aggressive and have poor prognosis. Early and correct diagnosis is

important, one of them is by measuring tumor markers in serum: alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and

beta human chorionic gonadotropin (βHCG).

Method: This study was conducted with a diagnostic test with a cross sectional approach design

on patients with mediastinal germ cell tumors at RSUP Persahabatan from January 2015 to

December 2022, and also assessment of tumor markers alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and beta human

chorionic gonadotropin (βHCG) serum and histopathology examination. Data analysis was

carried out to find the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value,

diagnostic accuracy, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC)

Results: Of a total of 362 eligible subjects, the sensitivity was 90.77% (95% CI 80.98% -

96.54%), the specificity was 97.98% (95% CI 95.65% - 99.26%), the positive predictive value

was 90.77% (95% CI 81.61% - 95.61%), the negative predictive value was 97.98% (95% CI

95.77% - 99.05%), the positive likelihood ratio was 45.4 (95% CI 20.27 - 99.58), the negative

likelihood ratio was 0.09 (95% CI 0.04 - 0.2), and the diagnostic accuracy was 96.69% (95% CI

94.28% - 98.28%).

Conclusion: the sensitivity was 90.77%, the specificity was 97.98%, the positive predictive value

was 90.77%, the negative predictive value was 97.98%, and the diagnostic accuracy was 96.69%."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian teh hijau terhadap kadar NOx serum postprandial setelah mengonsumsi makanan tinggi lemak pada individu dewasa sehat. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis alokasi acak, cross over, tersamar tunggal. Sebanyak 20 subyek mengikuti penelitian ini namun hanya 19 subyek yang mengikuti penelitian ini sampai selesai. Subyek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok pertama adalah kelompok subyek yang mendapatkan teh hijau, sedangkan kelompok kedua mendapatkan air putih. Satu minggu kemudian, kepada kedua kelompok dilakukan cross over. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik demografi, asupan energi dan lemak, asupan nitrat anorganik, serta laboratorium. Rerata persentase asupan lemak terhadap energi total subyek penelitian adalah 32,46 ± 1,19% melebihi asupan lemak total yang dianjurkan. Asupan kolesterol subyek penelitian sebesar 224,53 (125,83‒495,27) mg/hari, masih dalam batas rekomendasi untuk orang dewasa. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada asupan nitrat anorganik selama masa run in dan wash out. Perubahan kadar NOx serum pada kelompok teh hijau dan air putih masing-masing adalah 3,90 (0,80‒11,60) μmol/L dan 3,13 ± 0,33 μmol/L. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kadar NOx serum pada kedua kelompok dan peningkatan kadar NOx serum pada kelompok teh hijau lebih besar walaupun perbedaan peningkatan ini tidak bermakna secara statistik (p= 0,27).

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of green tea on postprandial serum NOx level after consumption of high fat meal in healthy young adults. This study was a randomized, cross over, single-blind clinical trial. Twenty subjects participated in the study but only 19 subjects completed this study. The subjects were divided into two groups, first was the group who took green tea and the second was the group who took water. After one week apart, both groups were cross over. The data collected in this study included demographic characteristic, antropometric,dietary assessment of energy and fat intake, inorganic nitrate intake, andlaboratory test. Percentage of energy from fat of the subjects averaged 32.46±1.19% which was above the recommended value. Cholesterol intake of the subjects was 224.53 (125.83‒495.27) mg/day which was below recommended value for adults. There was no statistically significant difference on inorganic nitrate intake during run in and wash out period. The changes of serum NOx level in green tea and water group were 3.90 (0.80‒11.60)μmol/L dan 3.13± 0.33 μmol/L respectively. Serum NOx level was increased in both groups compared to baseline but the increase was higher in green tea group; however, it was not statistically significant (p = 0.27)."

"Daun angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.) telah banyak digunakan secara empiris untuk mengobati sariawan, antibakteri dan penyakit ginjal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan secara ilmiah efek nefroprotektif daun angsana pada tikus putih jantan yang diinduksi gentamisin ditinjau dari kadar urea dan kreatinin plasma yang keduanya merupakan parameter fungsi ginjal. Pada penelitian ini, digunakan 30 ekor tikus putih jantan galur Sprague Dawley yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok kontrol normal (aquadest dan aqua p.i.), kelompok induksi (gentamisin 80mg/kg bb/hari i.p), dosis I (rebusan daun angsana 28,8 mg/kg bb/hari), dosis II (rebusan daun angsana 57,6 mg/kg bb/hari), dosis III (rebusan daun angsana 115,2 mg/kg bb/hari). Semua kelompok diberikan perlakuan selama 21 hari. Pada hari ke-15 diberikan injeksi gentamisin selama 7 hari. Pada hari ke-22, pengambilan darah dilakukan melalui sinus orbital. Kadar urea dan kreatinin diukur menggunakan metode berthelot untuk urea dan metode kolorimetri untuk kreatinin. Hasilnya menunjukan pemberian dosis III (rebusan daun angsana 115,2 mg/kg bb/hari) dapat menurunkan kadar urea dan kreatinin plasma serta memiliki perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) dengan kelompok induksi sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa daun angsana dosis III (rebusan daun angsana 115,2 mg/kg bb/hari) memiliki potensi untuk mencegah kerusakan ginjal yang disebabkan oleh gentamisin.

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Angsana leaves (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.) has been widely used empirically for treat canker sore, antibacterial and kidney disease. This study aimed to demonstrate the scientific of nephroprotective effect from angsana leaf on male rats induced by gentamicin reviewed from urea and creatinine plasma levels were both parameters of renal function. In this study, thirty male rats strain Sprague Dawley divided into five treatment groups were normal control group (aquadest and aqua p.i.), induction group (80 mg/kg bw/day i.p ), dose I group (28.8 mg/kg bw/day), dose II group (57.6 mg/kg bw/day), dose III group (115.2 mg/kg bw/day). All groups were given treatment for 21 days. At the 15th day, the animals were given gentamicin injection for 7 days. At the 22th day, the blood was collected from sinus orbital. The urea and creatinine plasma levels were measured by berthelot method for urea and colorimetric method for creatinine. The result show dose III (115.2 mg/kg bw/day) was decreased urea and creatinine plasma levels also has significantly different (p<0,05) with induction group. So, stew angsana leaf dose III group (115.2 mg/kg bw/day) has potential to prevent kidney damage by gentamicin induced."

"Endometriosis merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronis pada organ reproduksi wanita dengan gejala utama nyeri pelvis kronis, dismenore, dan dispareunia yang dapat disebabkan oleh stres oksidatif akibat rendahnya kadar antioksidan, seperti vitamin C, sehingga terjadi kerusakan sel. Levonorgestrel adalah terapi hormonal yang sering digunakan untuk meredakan rasa nyeri pada endometriosis, tetapi dapat memperberat proses inflamasi, sehingga dibutuhkan suatu terapi adjuvan, seperti propolis yang mengandung antioksidan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain uji klinis dengan alokasi acak dan tersamar ganda. Subjek penelitian adalah 24 wanita yang sedang mendapatkan terapi implan levonorgestrel dan diminta untuk menerima propolis atau plasebo dua kali sehari dengan dosis 1 tetes/10 kg berat badan (kgBB) per kali. Sampel darah kemudian diambil pada 4 minggu setelah intervensi dan dilakukan pemisahan serum. Pengukuran kadar vitamin C serum dilakukan dengan metode spektrofotometri dan analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji t tidak berpasangan apabila data berdistribusi normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedua kelompok (p<0,001), yaitu kadar vitamin C serum lebih tinggi pada kelompok propolis (0,202+0,057) dibandingkan kelompok plasebo (0,069+0,028). Dengan demikian, pemberian propolis meningkatkan kadar vitamin C serum pada pasien endometriosis setelah intervensi 4 minggu. 

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Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory reproductive disease in women which main symptoms are chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia that can be triggered by oxidative stress due to decreased antioxidants, such as vitamin C that may cause cell damage. Levonorgestrel is a hormonal therapy that is commonly used for endometriosis to relieve pain but it can worsen the inflammatory process, so an adjuvant therapy is needed, such as propolis that contains high antioxidant level. This study used clinical trial design with random allocation and double-blinded. The study subject is 24 women that receive levonorgestrel therapy and were asked to consume propolis or placebo randomly two times a day with a dose of 1 drop/10 kg body weight (kgBW) per time. Blood samples were then taken after 4 weeks and serum separation was performed. Serum vitamin C levels were measured using spectrophotometric method and statistical analysis used independent t-test if the data were normally distributed. The result showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups (p<0,001), in which the concentration of serum vitamin C is higher in the propolis group (0,202+0,057) compared to the placebo group (0,069+0,028). In conclusion, the administration of propolis results in significantly higher serum vitamin C concentration after 4-week intervention."