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"In Order to increase the quality of project implementation much research will need to be carried out in Indonesia and abroad. In 1982 The Business Roundtable's team in the US found that opportunities to reduce project costs and schedules by using existing and new construction technology are lost because construction too often is relegated to operate as a produstion function separated from financial planning, scheduling, and engineering or architectural design. The Construction Industry Institute's (CIT) Task Force defines this term as Constructability, which is the optimum integration of construction knowledge and experience in planning, engineering, proqurement, and field operations to achieve overall project objectives. As the customer, the owner gets what he insist on. As the leader of the project team, the owners plays a vital role in using constructability to meet project objectives. Specific project documenting the constructability effort have shown that owners accrued an average reduction in total project cost of 4.3% and in project schedule of 7.5%. These savings represented a 10- to-1 return on the owner's investment in constructability. Altough significant saving can result, the opportunities available are often overlooked by owners. This research was conducted to study the role of project owners for implementing constructability improvement during conceptual planning phase which leads to an improven project time performance of construction project in Jabotabek Area. A questionnare survey was used as the method for collecting data. Statistical analysis was performed to analyse the data and to develop a regression model between the role of project owners for constructability improvement during conceptual planning pQase and the performance of construction project's schedule. The result of this study shows a positive tinier correlation between the project owner's role for constructability improvement during conceptual planning phase and the project time performance. The main variables are assuring that key individual assigned to the project team each have appropriate experience with the project and clearly state the priority of the project objectives."

"In order to increase the quality of Project implementation much research will need to be carried out in Indonesia and abroad. In 1960 the Government of UK identified many construction projects that were not able to increase the communication and coordination between the design and construction phase. The concept of build ability arose in 1979 in order to enhance the design process by inputting the construction method during the design phase. The Construction Industry Research Information Association (CIRIA) has defined build ability as follows: "the extent to which the design of a building facilitates ease of construction, subject to overall requirements for the completed building?.

Project (CICE) researched into the increasing of quality, efficiency, productivity and cost effectiveness in the construction projects. The research estimates that constructability improvements saved at least 10-20 times the cost of the constructability effort. The Construction Industry Institute, Austin, USA in 1986 defined constructability as ?the optimum use of construction knowledge and experience in planning, engineering, procurement and field operations to achieve overall project objectives?.

The research, which is a partial requirement for a Master degree in construction management at the University of Indonesia, was aimed at understanding the coordinating position and influence of the owner of projects for improving constructability during conceptual planning phase.

The research proceeded to study into the impact of owner contribution for improving constructability during conceptual planning phase. In order to further understand such owner contribution, its impact on project construction cost performance was measured and quantified.

Data of projects constructed in Indonesia were then obtained through questionnaires from official owner representatives of companies hi Jakarta. Variables in the questionnaire which represented owner quality contribution were then correlated to the same project cost performance variable.

In depth analysis of the correlation were then carried out to build regression models of the relationship between quality of owner contribution during conceptual planning phase to project cost performance.

The statistical including validation test needs were also carried out in order to provide the guidelines for increasing knowledge in constructability for future projects in Indonesia."

"Bangunan konstruksi dapat menghasilkan rancangan yang baik, bila awalnya telah dipikirkan bagaimana cara membangunnya. Kegagalan konsultan perencana memperkirakan bagaimana suatu rancangan dibangun oleh kontraktor dapat menyebabkan permasalahan yang menimbulkan kenaikan biaya dan keterlambatan jadwal pelaksanaan konstruksi. Permasalahan tersebut dapat diselesaikan dengan constructability yaitu dengan melibatkan tenaga ahli konstruksi yang berpengetahuan dan berpengalaman untuk ikut serta dan memberi masukan pada tahap perancangan. Hal ini lebih menjamin agar rancangan disusun dengan menggunakan metode dan teknologi yang dapat diterapkan oleh kontraktor.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengirimkan kuesioner ke berbagai perusahaan konsultan perencana yang berada di wilayah Jabotabek. Dan hasil penyebaran kuesioner diperoleh 30 kuesioner dan 50 kuesioner yang diterima kembali untuk dianalisis dengan menggunakan program SPSS.Hasil analisis dengan model regresi berganda dapat menggambarkan adanya hubungan korelasi positif yang sangat kuat antara variabel-variabel peningkatan constructability pada perancangan oleh konsultan perencana dengan kinerja biaya. Model regresi berganda terdiri dari 3 (tiga) variabel penentu yang mempengaruhi kinerja biaya berdasarkan penilaian terhadap sampel dan koordinator proyek dari perusahaan konsultan perencana, yaitu :1. Menyesuaikan pendekatan rancangan dengan metode konstruksi,2. Mendefinisikan secara jelas batasan kontraktor dalam dokumen perancangan, dan3. Secara aktif meminta masukan dari personil konstruksi pada setiap tahapan dan proses perancangan.Dan hasil penelitian ini, peningkatan constructability pada perancangan dapat digunakan untuk menghasilkan kualitas rancangan yang dapat meningkatkan kinerja biaya pada pelaksanaan proyek-proyek konstruksi di Indonesia di masa mendatang.

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Influence of Constructability Improvement in Design Phase to Project Cost Performance of Construction Projects in IndonesiaConstruction building could to products a good design, if the early to think how in manner to be constructed. Failure of designer to consider how the design should be implemented by contractor can result in scheduling problems and delays during the construction process. That problems could be solved with constructability namely by the construction expert involved who had knowledge and experience to joint and seek construction input in design. This has more to warrant in order that design to arrange by using technology and method that could apply of contractor.

This research has done in the designer companies with sent some questionnaires to several of designer companies in Jabotabek. From questionnaires spread result 30 from 50 questionnaires received to be viable analysis with used SP SS program.

The result of multiple regression analysis model shows that influence constructability improvement in design of designer will improving project cost performance. Multiple regression models has 3 of key variables influencing in cost performance carried out by estimates from persons of construction expert or project coordinator in designer's firm are:

(1) Integrate design approach with construction method,

(2) Clearly define contractor interface in the design document, and

(3) Actively seek construction input to all stages of the design process.

From these research resulted, construction improvement in design can be used to obtain the quality of design result that cost performance can be improvement in operation of projects construction in the future of Indonesia construction project."

"In Order to increase the quality of project implementation much research will need to be carried out in Indonesia and abroad. In 1982 The Business Roundtable's team in the US found that opportunities to reduce project costs and schedules by using existing and new construction technology are lost because construction too often is relegated to operate as a production function separated from financial planning, scheduling, and engineering or architectural design. The Construction Industry Institute's (CII) Task Force defines this term as Constructability, which is the optimum integration of construction knowledge and experience in planning, engineering, procurement, and field operations to achieve overall project objectives. As the customer, the owner gets what he insist on. As the leader of the project team, the owners play a vital role in using constructability to meet project objectives. Specific project documenting the constructability effort have shown that owners accrued an average reduction in total project cost of 4.3% and in project schedule of 7.5%_ These savings represented a 10-to-1 return on the owner's investment in constructability. Although significant saving can result, the opportunities available are often overlooked by owners. This research was conducted to study the role of project owners for implementing constructability improvement during conceptual planning phase which leads to an improve project time performance of construction project in Jabotabek Area. A questionnaire survey was used as the method for collecting data. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the data and to develop a regression model between the role of project owners for constructability improvement during conceptual planning phase and the performance of construction project's schedule. The result of this study shows a positive linier correlation between the project owner's role for constructability improvement during conceptual planning phase and the project time performance. The main variables are assuring that key individual assigned to the project team each have appropriate experience with the project and clearly state the priority of the project objectives."

"The Influence of Improving Constructability during The Design Phase on the Performance of Construction Project Schedule in IndonesiaConstructability as defined by Construction Industry Institute, Constructability Concepts File, The University of texas at Austin as; the optimum use of construction knowledge and experience during the phases of planning, designing, procurement and construction to achieve the project goal. Constructability involves the thought of how to build a project even before it is designed.Currently there are three issues which dominate constructability applications; design, layout, and construction method. In order to obtain deeper understanding of the potential application of Constructability for Construction Project implementation, the research focussed on the effect of its key characteristics introduced during the design phase on the performance of Construction Schedules in Indonesia.Data was obtained through questionnaires from project architects and structural engineers of Consultants in 24 Construction Projects executed during the last decade between 1985 - 1995. Correlation and multiple regression analysis were utilized to establish models on the relation between Constructability variables and Construction Schedule Performance. The degree of completing construction projects as measured by actual against planned time performance proved to be related to Constructability variables in a linear manner.From the analysis of 48 prospective explanatory Constructability variables during the design phase identified three determinants influencing Construction Schedule Performance. The three significant Constructability variables were; to confirm the filing system (x23), to describe the pre-fabrication system (x43), and to define clearly the contractor limit in design document (x12).Further research provided additional evidence of the existence of Constructability characteristics through dummy variables which were; to eliminated weather problem (x46)."

"Meningkatnya persaingan dan tuntutan efisiensi pada industri konstruksi menuntut adanya pengendalian mutu yang dikombinasikan dengan aspek ekonomis dan jadwal proyek. Hal ini memotivasi berbagai penelitian yang menghasilkan teknik-teknik peningkatan mutu dan efisiensi/efektifitas dari sebuah proyek seperti total quality management, value engineering, designability, contractability, constructability, operability, maintainability dan sebagainya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa salah satu peningkatan mutu proyek konstruksi yaitu penerapan peningkatan constructability pada tahap perencanaan dan perancangan proyek. Pendekatan ini dilakukan karena besarnya pengaruh perencanaan dan perancangan terhadap kualitas, biaya dan waktu pelaksanaan proyek secara keseluruhan. Pelaksanaan penelitian studi kasus ini dilakukan pada sebuah perusahaan nasional yang bergerak di bidang industri konstruksi dengan pola design and build dimana penelitian difokuskan pada pemahaman, pelaksanaan, keuntungan, dan hambatan constructability di perusahaan tersebut dan dua buah proyek yang dijadikan studi kasus. Jenis penerapan constructability secara informal yang didapat pada studi kasus ini diindikasikan oleh tidak adanya prosedur tertulis tentang constructability, rendahnya tingkat lesson learned, tidak adanya koordinator constructability yang ditunjuk secara resmi, masih banyaknya hambatan pelaksanaan dan tidak adanya pencatatan kinerja constructability. Walaupun demikian pada pelaksanaan constructability secara informal ini, bahwa penerapan constructability pada tahap perencanaan dan perancangan terbukti meningkatkan kinerja proyek konstruksi, dengan variabel yang paling berpengaruh adalah penjadwalan berdasarkan construction sensitive dan fasilitas desain dalam mengefisienkan konstruksi."

"The Role of Construction Personnel in the Phase of Conceptual Planning in Increasing Construction Project Cost Performance in IndonesiaModern construction has been characterized as a complex and fragmented process. These conditions have been known to lower the quality and cost efficiency of projects. It has been proven that this problem can be partially overcome by implementing constructability, which is based on the integration of construction knowledge into the early stages of planning and design process. Prior research has found a lack of application of constructability by participants in the construction industry, especially general contractors. Because builders can play an important role in implementing constructability, this thesis has addressed constructability as practiced by the general contractors in IndonesiaConstructability since 1986 has been defined as the optimum use of construction knowledge and experience in planning, design, procurement, and field operations to achieve overall project objectives. The effective integration of design and construction offers important benefits and opportunities to achieve project objectives. In order to create maximum benefits, the construction input or constructability, has to be introduced at the earliest stages of the project.This investigation describes the constructability improvement related to three key issues derived from literature study; developing the project plan, laying out the site, and selecting major construction methods. Project data for analysis were obtained by distributing questionnaires to corporations in the Jabotabek areas and in project locations in Indonesia which were acting as contractors. The sample questionnaires were also directed to a population of contractors categorized by the characteristics of the organization, the type of work performed, and the type of contractual arrangement.The variables in the questionnaires that were related to constructability and cost performance were assigned scores by the contractor population in the research. The data was then processed for carrying-out correlation and multiple regression modeling analysis. The research proceeded to establish through regressions analysis a non-linear model relating cost performance to two significant constructability variables. Firstly the improvement of construction personnel knowledge and experience for the scheduling preparation, cost estimations and budget. Secondly the improvement of construction personnel knowledge and experience for pre-construction planning as a basic input in the design phase.These findings then provided the basis for deriving conclusions and various recommendations on practical applications to improve constructability during the conceptual planning phase for increasing the cost performance of a project."

"Keberhasilan suatu proyek ditentukan sejak awal pelaksanaan konstruksi itu berjalan Perencanaan adalah tahapan penting dari manajemen konstruksi, untuk menghasilkan suatu kegiatan yang dapat berjalan dengan baik dan untuk memonitor serta mengendalikan sehingga tercapai suatu pelaksanaan konstruksi yang tepat biaya proyek bangunan gedung adalah salah satu bidang dalam proyek konstruksi salah satu kriteria keberhasilan suatu proyek konstruksi dilihat dari intensitas keterlibatan tiap anggota tim pada suatu proyek, yang diantaranya adalah seorang manajer proyek pihak pemilik proyek. Seorang manajer proyek pihak pemilik proyek mempunyai tanggung jawab penuh atas semua hasil yang dicapai pada setiap tahapan proyek dari awal hingga selesainya masa konstruksi, Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar peranan manajer proyek pihak owner pada tahap perencanaan konstruksi dalarn meningkatkan kinerja biaya pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi. Dilihat dari besarnya tanggung jawab manajer proyek pihak pemilik proyek tersebut, maka dalam tesis ini dilakukan penelitian tentang intensitas. keterlibatan manajer proyek pihak pemilik proyek pada tahap perencanaan untuk meningkatkan kinerja biaya penyelesaian proyek bangunan gedung di Jabotabek. Data-data primer dari penelitian ini diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuisioner ditambah wawancara langsung kepada manajer proyek pihak pemilik proyek dalam hal ini proyek yang ditangani adalah bangunan gedung yang berada di wilayah Jabotabek. Data-data tersebut di edit, ditabutasi, diolah dan di bobot kemudian dilakukan analisa korelasi, inter-korelasi, faktor dan regresi berganda serta dilakukan pengujian-pengujian dan validasi. Dua analisa statistik melalui program SPSS versi 9.0, diperoleh hasil bahwa variabel yang memberikan kontribusi atau korelasi positif terhadap peningkatan kinerja biaya proyek adalah kegiatan manajer proyek pihak pemilik proyek dalam menentukan pilihan organisasi proyek umum dan kontrak yang akan digunakan, kegiatan dalam menentukan dan membuat perkiraan biaya pelaksanaan proyek atau owner estimate. Dari hasil variabel penentu lam tambahan yang juga dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap kinerja biaya proyek didapat dua variabel kegiatan yaitu identifikasi potensi kebutuhan proyek dan kegiatan memprediksi kendala proyek. Hubungan variabel intensitas keterlibatan manajer proyek pihak pemilik proyek terhadap peningkatan kinerja biaya proyek merupakan hubungan regresi non-linear."