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"Empati penting dimiliki manusia untuk beradaptasi dalam kehidupan. Untuk beradaptasi di kehidupan sosial, manusia membutuhkan soft skill berupa manajemen perilaku prososial yang baik dan kemampuan dalam membangun relasi teman sebaya. Penelitian ini menggambarkan hubungan empati dengan perilaku prososial dan relasi teman sebaya pada anak sekolah dasar usia 4-14 tahun. Studi dalam penelitian ini yaitu studi potong lintang. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner EQ-C/ SQ-C berbahasa indonesia yang sudah tervalidasi dengan nilai alpha 0,979. Kuesioner EQ-C/SQ-C digunakan untuk mengukur empati anak. Sedangkan, untuk mengukur perilaku prososial dan relasi teman sebaya, peneliti menggunakan kuesioner SDQ. Sejumlah 620 kuesioner diisi oleh orangtua anak sekolah dasar dan dijadikan sampel dari penelitian ini. Orangtua yang dapat mengisi kuesioner memiliki riwayat pendidikan minimal sekolah menengah pertama. Setelah mendapatkan seluruh sampel, dilakukan random sampling dan didapatkan data sejumlah 384 data yang akan dianalisis. Pada proses analisis, brain type dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, yakni brain type E (Extreme E dan E), brain type B, dan brain type S (Extreme S dan S). Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Chi-Square menggunakan windows SPSS versi 20. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara empati terhadap perilaku prososial dan relasi teman sebaya (p<0.05).

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Empathy is the ability to understand and relate to others feelings or emotion. Empathy is one of the critical skills to alter in life. To adapt in human social life, people requires soft skills in the form of good prosocial behavior and good management in building peer relations. This cross-sectional study describes the relationship of empathy skills with prosocial behavior and peer relations in primary school children aged 4-14 years. The instrument used for this study is Indonesian language EQ-C/SQ-C questionnaire which value 0,979 in Cronbachs alpha to measure childrens empathy skills. To measure prosocial behavior and peer relationships, researchers used the SDQ questionnaire. A total of 620 questionnaires were filled in by parents of primary school children in Indonesia and were sampled for this study. Parents who can fill out the questionnaire have a minimum education of junior high school. Researchers obtained 384 data through random sampling to be analyzed. In the analysis process, empathy skills are devided into three groups, namely type E (Extreme E and E), type B and type S (Extreme S and S). Data analysis was done by Chi-Square test with SPSS program version 20 for both sample. Due to lack of sample (<5) for abnormal prosocial behavior, we look for Fisher test for the result of prosocial behavior. The result shows siginificant outcome. State that there is a relationship between empathy skills with prosocial behavior and peer relationships (p<0.05)."

"Perilaku prososial merupakan modal penting untuk berhasil beradaptasi dalam kehidupan sosial (Berns, 2010). Keikutsertaan dalam kegiatan taman kanak-kanak memperluas mikrosistem anak dan menuntut pengembangan perilaku sosial sesuai dengan situasi sosial yang berbeda dan lebih luas. Upaya sistematik perlu dilakukan di tingkat prasekolah untuk memastikan bahwa perilaku prososial berkembang sesuai dengan harapan. Upaya menumbuhkembangkan tingkah laku prososial pernah dilakukan dengan menerapkan berbagai metode, antara lain, bermain peran, bermain konstruktif, pembacaan cerita dan metode bercerita shared reading. Metode shared reading dengan komponen membacakan cerita (C), berdiskusi (D) mengenai isi cerita serta mempraktekkan langsung informasi yang terdapat dalam isi cerita (K) akan diterapkan dalam Program Cerita Prososial Aktif rancangan peneliti. Efektivitas program cerita prososial aktif yang secara konseptual merupakan implementasi dari metode shared reading, akan diuji melalui penelitian eksperimental yang berdesain before-and-after . Partisipan berjumlah 20 murid taman kanak-kanak berusia antara 4-5 tahun. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 1 kelompok eksperimen (CDK) yang diintervensi dengan metode shared reading dan 3 kelompok kontrol berturut-turut: kelompok CD, C dan CG. Kelompok CD diintervensi dengan cerita dan diskusi, kelompok C dibacakan cerita oleh peneliti dan CG dibacakan cerita oleh guru murid-murid tersebut. Dilakukan intervensi selama 15 sesi. Perilaku prososial diukur melalui observasi terhadap 15 item senarai tingkah laku prososial. Program Cerita Prososial Aktif yang menggunakan metode shared reading ternyata efektif meningkatkan tingkah laku prososial anak prasekolah secara signifikan (Z=-2.032) setelah dilakukan 5 sesi intervensi dan tingkahlaku prososial secara konsisten terus meningkat frekuensinya sampai penelitian berakhir. Metode bercerita tanpa diskusi dan kegiatan efektivitasnya paling rendah.

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Adaptation to social interactions in a larger social environment is determined by individual?s prosocial behavior (Berns, 2010). With their expanding microsystem prosocial behavior of preschool children need to be develop accordingly, to establish and enhance the repertoire learned in their home environment. Various methods had been implemented in the enterprises of developing prosocial behavior of preschool children i.e.. role play, constructive play, story reading and shared reading. Cerita Prososial Aktif (CPA) that implements shared reading method presumably more effectively increases prosocial behavior considering that the prosocial story reading (C) is complemented with discussion (D) and relevant activities (K) for the children to apply prosocial behavior. With the before and after experimental design, this study aims at comparing the effectiveness of shared reading (CDK) method against active story telling (CD) and story telling without discussion(C). Prosocial behavior was measured by observation using prosocial behavior checklist consisits of 15 items. After 5 sessions the experimental gourp (CDK) showed significantly higher increase of prosocial behavior, while the other 3 control groups: treated with story and discussion (CD), C (story telling by investigator) and story telling by teacher (CG) showed no significant increases. After 15 sessions CDK group showed highest increase compared to CD, C or CG groups. Significant increase of prosocial behavior was achieved after 15 sessions of listening to prosocial story without discussiion and relevant activities, with the lowest size compared to CDK and CD groups."

"The paper about children and youth with behavioral disturbance is written and based on the concern of phenomenon that happens to children and youth. Violation against norms and criminal deeds that harm people are frequently done by children and youth with behavioral disturbance and deviation. many factors influence the deeds, both internal and external. Psychological condition, racism, discrimination, poverty, social isolation, community problem, cultural erosion, lack of education program based on culture, inadequate caring skill, lack of resources for community like recreational facility, and lack of positive figures, as causes of behavioral disturbances. There are several handling models that can be offered and implemented to children and youth with behavioral disturbances, through individual, family, and social depending on the problem they face. Early problem identification should be done so that intervention planning that will be made can be described "

"Aktivitas screen time merupakan fenomena yang masih sering ditemukan pada anak usia sekolah saat ini. Akibatnya, anak terpapar layar melebihi durasi yang direkomendasikan, yang berdampak negatif pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan durasi screen time dengan perilaku makan anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Jumlah sampel terdiri dari 341 anak sekolah yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan dipilih menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Instrumen SCREENS-Q untuk mengukur screen time dan Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) untuk mengukur perilaku makan. Hasil penelitian yang dianalisis dengan uji chi square menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara durasi screen time dengan perilaku makan (p value< 0,05). Peneliti merekomendasikan adanya kerja sama antara pihak tenaga kesehatan dengan orang tua untuk melakukan sosialisasi mengenai penggunaan screen time yang sesuai dan perilaku makan yang baik untuk mengoptimalkan perkembangan anak usia sekolah.

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Screen time activity is a phenomenon that is still often found in school-age children today. As a result, children are exposed to screens beyond the recommended duration, which hurts growth and development. This study aims to identify the relationship between screen time duration and children's eating behavior. This study used a cross-sectional design. The sample size consisted of 341 School-Aged Children who met the inclusion criteria through the cluster random sampling method. SCREENS-Q instrument to measure screen time and the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) to measure eating behavior. The results of the study analyzed by the chi-square test showed a significant relationship between screen time duration and eating behavior (p-value< 0.05). Researchers recommend that there be cooperation between health workers and parents to socialize the use of appropriate screen time and good eating behavior to optimize the development of school-age children. "

"Kanker pada anak merupakan masalah kesehatan utama dengan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang tinggi. Masalah yang ditimbulkan oleh kanker diantaranya masalah tidur dan kelelahan. Karya Ilmiah Akhir Spesialistik ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gambaran aplikasi teori comfort Kolcaba pada anak kanker dengan gangguan tidur dan kelelahan dan penerapan edukasi tidur sehat serta terapi musik untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Penerapan asuhan keperawatan diterapkan dengan metode studi kasus yang didapatkan dari lima kasus terpilih. Lima kasus tersebut, semua mengalami gangguan tidur dan kelelahan. Teori comfort mampu memfasilitasi perawat untuk menggali masalah dan kebutuhan anak kanker secara sistematis. Penerapan edukasi tidur sehat dan terapi musik sebagai salah satu intervensi keperawatan juga terbukti dapat mengatasi gangguan tidur dan kelelahan. Penerapan teori kenyamanan dan pemberian edukasi tidur sehat serta terapi musik diharapkan dapat menjadi komponen pemberian asuhan keperawatan anak kanker dengan gangguan tidur dan kelelahan.

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Cancer in children is a major health problem with high morbidity and mortality. Problems caused by cancer include sleep problems and fatigue. This Specialist Final Scientific work aims to analyze the application of Kolcaba's comfort theory on sleep problems and fatigue in children with cancer by implementing sleep hygiene  and music therapy, which aims to overcome these problems. The application of nursing care was applied with the case study method from five selected cases. With the same symptoms, they were namely sleep problems and fatigue. The theory of comfort could facilitate nurses to find problems and needs of cancer in children systematically. The application of sleep hygiene and music therapy as one of the nursing interventions had proven to be able to overcome sleep problems and fatigue. And this was expected to be a component in providing cancer nursing care to children with sleep problems and fatigue."

"xLatar belakang: Kejadian leukemia akut sebagai kanker tersering pada anak terus meningkat setiap tahun menjadi penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas tertinggi akibat penyakit. Umumnya, leukemia akut menyerang anak berusia <15 tahun dan remaja. Terapi definitif (kemoterapi) yang lama dan tidak menyenangkan berisiko dalam mengembangkan gangguan emosi dan perilaku pada anak. Di lain sisi, kehidupan pascapandemi juga turut meningkatkan penggunaan gawai pada kaum remaja yang turut berperan dalam terjadinya gangguan emosi dan perilaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahu hubungan antara screen-time dengan gangguan emosi dan perilaku pada remaja leukemia. Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang yang dilakukan di Poli Hematoonkologi Anak RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo pada bulan November 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen data screen-time dan kuesioner PSC-17. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan aplikasi SPSS versi 24. Hasil: Jumlah remaja leukemia di RSCM 23 orang, tersebar merata secara usia, didominasi anak laki-laki (13/23), jenis leukemia LLA (22/23), tingkat pendidikan anak SD (12/23), tingkat pendidikan ayah dan ibu menengah (11/23; 9/23), pendapatan keluarga < UMP DKI Jakarta (10/23), dan seluruhnya mendapat dukungan emosional keluarga. Nilai median usia dan durasi sakit (bulan) adalah 12,94 (10,05-17,18) tahun dan 16 (0,83-96) bulan. Tingkat screen-time sebagian besar >2 jam/hari (22/23) dengan penggunaan terlama >6 jam/hari (12/23) dan rerata 6.5 ± 3,25 jam/hari, serta digunakan untuk hiburan. Gangguan Emosi dan Perilaku terjadi pada 2/23 orang yaitu gangguan internalisasi (1) dan gangguan eksternalisasi (1). Hubungan antara screen-time dengan gangguan emosi dan perilaku tidak dapat disimpulkan. Kesimpulan: Tingkat screen-time yang tinggi pada remaja leukemia perlu diedukasi kepada orangtua dan remaja, serta 2 orang pasien dengan gangguan emosi dan perilaku perlu diperiksa lebih lanjut.

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Background: The incidence of acute leukemia, the most common cancer in children, continues to increase yearly, becoming the highest cause of morbidity and mortality due to disease. Generally, acute leukemia attacks children aged <15 years and adolescents. Long and unpleasant definitive therapy (chemotherapy) is at risk of developing emotional and behavioral disorders in children. On the other hand, post-pandemic life has also increased the use of gadgets among adolescents, contributing to emotional and behavioral disorders. This study aims to determine the relationship between screen time and emotional and behavioural disorders in leukaemic adolescents. Methods: The design of this study was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Children's Hematooncology Polyclinic at RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo in November 2022. This study used screen-time data instruments and the PSC-17 questionnaire. The analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate using the SPSS version 24 application. Results: The number of leukemia adolescents in RSCM was 23 people, evenly distributed by age, dominated by boys (13/23), type of leukemia ALL (22/23), education level of children SD (12/23), middle education level of father and mother (11/23; 9/23), family income < UMP DKI Jakarta (10/23), and all of them received family emotional support. The median values for age and illness duration (months) were 12.94 (10.05-17.18) and 16 (0.83-96). The screen-time level is mostly >2 hours/day (22/23), with the most frequent use being >6 hours/day (12/23) and an average of 6.5 ± 3.25 hours/day, and it is used for entertainment. Emotional and behavioral disorders occur in 2/23 people, namely internalization disorders (1) and externalization disorders (1). The relationship between screen time and emotional and behavioral disorders is inconclusive. Conclusion: The high level of screen time in adolescents with leukemia needs to be educated to parents and adolescents, and two patients with emotional and behavioral disorders need to be examined further."

"Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents offers a developmental psychology perspective for understanding and treating these complex disorders as they manifest in young people. Adding the school environment to well-known developmental contexts such as biology, genetics, social structures, and family, this significant volume provides a rich foundation for study and practice by analyzing the progression of pathology and the critical role of emotion regulation in anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, and in combination. Accurate diagnostic techniques, appropriate intervention methods, and empirically sound prevention strategies are given accessible, clinically relevant coverage. Illustrative case examples and an appendix of forms and checklists help make the book especially useful. Featured in the text: Developmental psychopathology of anxiety, anxiety disorders, depression, and mood disorders. Differential diagnosis of the anxiety and depressive disorders. Assessment measures for specific conditions. Age-appropriate interventions for anxiety and depression, including CBT and pharmacotherapy. Multitier school-based intervention and community programs. Building resilience through prevention."

"Masalah Gizi Lebih pada Anak Usia Sekolah di Kota Depok. Gizi lebih pada anak merupakan masalah kesehatan. Masalah gizi lebih membutuhkan perhatian serius serta penanganan yang tepat dengan melibatkan orang terdekat anak. Tujuan intervensi yaitu menangani dan mencegah masalah gizi lebih pada anak usia sekolah. Menggunakan disain quasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan pretest and posttest group design without control group. Intervensi yang diberikan yaitu modifikasi perilaku diet dan aktivitas fisik dengan berjalan kaki selama 45 menit sekali dalam seminggu sebanyak 12 kali pertemuan. Hasil diperoleh meningkatnya pengetahuan (82,80%), sikap (68,50%) dan keterampilan (65,70%) serta menurunnya prevalensi gizi lebih menjadi 14,10%. Perawat diharapkan dapat melibatkan pihak sekolah, Puskesmas dan Dinas Kesehatan dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan komunitas untuk menangani dan mencegah masalah gizi lebih pada anak usia sekolah.

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Over nutrition in children is a health problem. Over nutritional problems need serious attention as well as proper handling by involving the closest relatives. The aim of intervention was to overcome and prevent over nutritional problems in school-aged children. A quasi experimental design with pretest and posttest group design approach without control group was used. Intervention given was the modification of dietary behavior and physical activity by walking for 45 minutes once a week as many as 12 times. Results are gained by increased knowledge (82,80%), attitudes (68,50%) and skills (65,70) and decreased prevalence of over nutrition through 14,10%. Nurses are expected to involve school, Puskesmas and Dinas Kesehatan in providing community nursing care to address and prevent over nutritional problems in schoolaged children."

"Tingkat kesehatan yang tinggi merupakan salah satu indikator dari kemajuan suatu bangsa. Bangsa yang sehat tidak terlepas dari tercapainya pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bangsa sesuai dengan usianya. Gizi menjadi aspek yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada anak usia sekolah. Gizi kurang pada anak usia sekolah dapat mengurangi produktivitas anak dalam aktivitasnya serta menyebabkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak terganggu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk melihat gambaran asuhan keperawatan pada keluarga dengan anak usia sekolah yang mengalami gizi kurang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara praktik lapangan selama tiga minggu kepada keluarga yang memiliki anak usia sekolah dengan gizi kurang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan terjadinya perubahan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku keluarga dengan anak gizi kurang setelah dilakukan intervensi pengaturan pola makan selama empat kali pertemuan. Pengaturan pola makan merupakan hal yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap status gizi. Pola makan mencakup jadwal atau frekuensi makan, jenis makanan, dan porsi makan. Pengaturan pola makan sesuai dengan pedoman gizi seimbang mampu menjaga status gizi dalam rentang normal.

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A high level of health is one indicator of the progress of a nation. A healthy nation cannot be separated from the achievement of national growth and development in accordance with its age. Nutrition is an aspect that affects growth and development in school-age children. Malnutrition in school-age children can reduce children's productivity in their activities and cause children's growth and development to be disrupted. The purpose of this study is to see the description of nursing care in families with school-age children who are malnourished. This research was conducted by means of field practice for three weeks to families who have school-age children with malnutrition. The results of this study indicate a change in the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of families with malnourished children after the dietary regulation intervention for four meetings. Dietary regulation is something that can affect nutritional status. The diet includes the schedule or frequency of eating, the type of food, and the portion of the meal. Setting a diet in accordance with balanced nutrition guidelines is able to maintain nutritional status within the normal range."