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"ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian MPASI furmula diperkaya zat besi terbadap kadar feritin serum, hemoglobin dan perkembangan kognitif bayi usia 6-8 bulan, Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinik, membandingkan 38 subyek yang mendapat konseling dan MPASI formula dangan 38 subyek yang mendapat MP AS! raeikan selarna 90 hari. Sebanyak 76 subyek yang berasal dari posyandu-posyandu di dua lokasi kelurahan Karnpong Melayu, kecamatan Jatinegara, dibagi menjadi dua yaitu kelompok perlakuan (P) dan kontrol (X) dengan alokasi aeak berdasarkan pembagian wilayah. Data subyek yang diambil meliputi usia, berat badan, penjang badan, lingkar kepala, asupen energi, protein, zat besi serta kadar feritin serum, hemoglobin, dan skor perkembangan kognitif. Pengukoran kadar feritin serum, hemoglobin dan skor perkembangan kognitif dilakakan sebelum dan sesudah perlakoan. Analisis data dilakakan dengan uji t berpasangan dan t tidak berpasangan serta uji non pararnetrik dangan batas kemaknaan 5%. Sebanyak 38 subyek peda kelompok P dan K telah mengikuti penelitian secara lengkap. Satu subyek pada masing-masing kelompok dikeluarkan karena salcit yang dapat mempengaruhi basil penelitian. Data awal menunjukkan keadaan yang sama antara kelompok P dan K. Penurunan kedar feritin serum, peningkatan kedar hemoglobin dan peningkatan skor perkembangan kognitif tidak bermakna secara statistik pada kedua kelompok (p>0,05). Penurunan kedar feritin serum pada kelornpok K lebih besar daripada kelompok P dan penurunannya bermakna secara statistik (p<0,05). Persentase asupan terbadap kebutuhan energi dan protein pada periode awal, tengah hingga akhir perlakaan dengan metoda food recall 1x24 jam dalam keadaan sebanding. Perubahan persenblse asupan terbadap kebu!uhan energi dan protein antara kelompok P dan K tidak bennakoa secara statistik. Persen1llse asupen terhOdap kebutuhan zat besi dengan FFQ semikuantitatif satu bulan peda kedua kelompok sebelum perlakaan tampak sebanding namun perubaban persentase asupan terbadap kebetuhan zat besi antara kedua kelompok benmakna seeara statistik. Kadar feritin serum, hemoglobin dan skor perkembangan kognitif sebelnm perlakuan peda kedua kelompok dalam keadaan sebanding. Penurunan kedar feritin serum, peningkatan kedar hemoglobin dan peningkatan skor perkembangan kognitif antara kelompok P dan K tidak bermakna secara statistik.

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ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to find the effect of iron fortified complimeni1Uy feeding formula on changes in serum feritin, hemoglobin level and cognitive development score in 6-ll month's old baby. The study was a clinical trial, consists of 38 subjects in the treatment group that had received counseling and iron fortified complimentary feeding formula (P) and 38 subjects in the control group (K) that had received counseling and home oomplimeni1Uy feeding fur 90 days. Seventy six subjects were admitted from two locations in kelurahan KampungMelayu. kecamatan Jatinegara who had fulfill the study criteria. They were divided into two groups using random allocation based on geographic location. Each group had some posyandu that participate the research. Data collected consist of age, weight, height, head circumference, energy, protein and iron intake, serum feritin. hemoglobin level and cognitive development score. Examinations of serum feritin, hemoglobin level and cognitive development score were examined before and after intervention. Statistical analysis was using independent t-test, non~ independent t-test and non parametric test. The level of significance was 5%. Each of38 subjects in both group bed completed the study. There was one drop out subject in each I' and K because they got ill. Early data showed equal condition between P and K group. There were statistically insignificant changes on senun feriti~ hemoglobin level and cognitive development score in two groups (p>O,O5). Serum feritin level had decrease higher in P than K and statistically significant (p"

"Tujuan : Mengetahui korelasi antara asupan besi. hemoglobin dan kadar feritin serum dengan indikator panjang badan untuk usia pada bayi stunring usia 6-I2 bulan.Tempat : Pada 20 desa dan kelurahan di Kota dan Kabupaten Tangerang di wilayah binaan CARE International Indonesia.Bahan dan cara: Pada penelitian dengan disain potong lintang ini didapatkan 3l subyek sesuai kriteria penelitian. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi pendidikan formal ibu, status gizi berdasarkan HAZ, asupan kalori, protein dan besi dcngan menggunakan FFQ semikuantitati pemeriksaan laboratorium darah yaitu hemoglobin clan feritin serum. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Kolmogorov Smirnov, dan korelasi Pearson/spernmn's Rank.Hasil : Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 5I,6% pendidikan formal ibu sekolah dasar/sederajat. Subyek merupakan kelompok stunting yang sebagian besar (80,6%) merupakan stunting sedang. serata asupan energi adalah 767,99_+;275,42 kkal/hari dan protein 2l,80_~§l l,08 g/hari. Asupan energi dan protein subyek yang rendah 74,2% dan 29% dibandingkan RDA. Rcrata asupan besi adalah 6,06 j 4, l 6 mg/hari, sebagaian besar subyek (8l%) dengan asupan besi kurang menurut RNI. Rerata kadar hemoglobin 10,041 1,32 g/dL dan kadar feritin serum didapatkan median 10,93 (l,62; 90,38) pg/L. Subyek yang mengalami anemia 71%, depiesi besi tanpa anemia 9,7% dan anemia defisiensi besi 41.9°/6. Pada analisis tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna antara asupan besi dengan hemoglobin dan feritin scrum. Pada analisis korelasi antara hemoglobin dan feritin serum dengan HAZ skor tidak didapatkan korelasi bermakna.Kesimpulan : Tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bemiakna antara asupan besi dengan hemoglobin dan feritin serum. Tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bcrmakna antara hemoglobin dan feritin serum dengan HAZ skor.

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Objective :To know correlation between dietary iron intake, hemoglobin, serum feritin and height tbr age Z score in shunting infant age 6-I2 month.Location : 20 villages and kelurahan in Tangerang City and District the area under serviced by CARE, international Indonesia (Cll).Material and Method: A cross sectional study had been canied out on 31subjects selected. Data collected consist of' respondent (mother) tbmial education, subject characteristic i.e HAZ, dietary intake of energy, protein and iron using semi quantitative FFQ, and laboratory examination lbr hemoglobin and serum ferritin. Statistical analysis was using Kolmogorov-Smimov and Pearson/Spearman?s rank correlation tests.Result : Most of mothers? formal education was primary school (5l.6%). Majority ofthe subjects was in moderate stunting (80,6%). Average energy and protein intake were 767.99i275.42 kcal/day and 2 l,80il l,08 g/day. respectively. Subjects with low energy and protein intake as compared to the RDA are 74.2% and 29%, respectively. Average iron intake 6.061 4.l6 mg/day and 8l% of the subject had iron intake less than RNI. Average hemoglobin level was l0.04=t:l.32 g/dl, whereas median serum ferritin was l0.93 (1.62; 9038) ug/L. Subject with anemia, iron depletion without anemia and iron deficiency anemia were 71%,9.7%, and 4l.9%, respectively. There was no significant correlation between iron intake and hemoglobin. There was negative correlation between iron intake and serum ferritin (p>0.05). No significant correlation was found between hemoglobin and serum ferritin with HAZ score.Conclusion: There were no significant correlations between iron intake with hemoglobin, and serum ferritin. There were no significant correlations between hemoglobin and serum ferritin with HAZ score unstinting infant 6-12 month."

"Latar belakang. Kadar hemoglobin pre-transfusi dan feritin serum mempengaruhi pertumbuhan anak dengan thalassemia B-mayor. Penelitian tentang thalassemia sudah dilakukan di Indonesia, namun penelitian tentang hubungan thalassemia dengan pertumbuhan fisik masih terbatas. Tujuan. Mengetahui pengaruh kadar Hb pre-transfusi dan feritin serum berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan fisik pasien thalassemia ?-mayor. Metode. Dilakukan bulan Agustus-Oktober 2017 pada pasien anak dengan thalassemia B-mayor yang berobat ke Thalassemia-Centre RSUD Pekanbaru. Penelitian berupa analitik observasional potong lintang, menganalisis pengaruh kadar Hb pre-transfusi dan feritin serum terhadap parameter perawakan pendek dan sangat pendek, gizi kurang dan buruk, usia tulang yang terlambat. Hasil. Subjek 41 orang, rentang usia 18-204 bulan. Jenis kelamin laki-laki lebih banyak daripada perempuan 53,7 vs 46,3. 40 subjek mengalami retardasi pertumbuhan. Terdapat korelasi bermakna antara kadar Hb pre-transfusi dengan Z-score TB/U r=0,507, p=0,001 dan LILA/U r=0,467, p=0,02. Hb pre-transfusi berpengaruh terhadap interpretasi duduk/umur p=0,007, IK95 -1,5 - -0,3, subischial leg length/umur p=0,002, namun tidak pada interpretasi rasio segmen atas/bawah dan usia tulang. Hasil berbeda pada kadar feritin yang tidak memiliki korelasi terhadap semua variabel. Simpulan. Terdapat pengaruh yang bermakna secara statistik antara kadar Hb pre-transfusi dengan parameter penelitian serta tidak terdapat pengaruh yang bermakna secara statistik antara kadar feritin serum dengan parameter tersebut.

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Background. The level of pre transfusion hemoglobin and ferritin serum affect physical growth on patient with thalassemic mayor. Study about thalassemia is mainly reported but its relationship with physical growth is limited.

Objective. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the relationship of pre transfusion Hb and serum ferritin level in patient with thalassemic mayor.

Material and method. In this analytical cross sectional study, the growth parameters weight, standing height, sitting height, subischial leg length, nutritional status, bone age were measured in 41 patients attending Thalassemia Centre at RSUD in Pekanbaru from August October 2017.

Results. 41 patients with mean age 18 204 months. The results are boys dominated girls in sex criteria 53,7 vs 46,3. As much as 40 subjects have growth retardation. There rsquo s correlation in pre transfusion hemoglobin with Z score height for age r 0,507, p 0,001 and subischial length r 0,467, p 0,02. This study shows relationship in pre transfusion hemoglobin with sitting height p 0,007, IK95 1,5 0,3, subischial leg length p 0,002, but not in segment length and bone age. Serum ferritin level has no correlation to one of those parameters.

Conclusion. There is a significant relationship in physical growth based on parameters mentioned above with pre transfusion Hemoglobin, but not with serum ferritin level. "

"Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah gizi, yang perlu mendapat perhatian khusus. Remaja putri termasuk golongan yang rawan menderita anemia karena mengalami mensturasi setiap bulan dan sedang dalam masa petumbuhan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektifitas suplementasi TTD program lama dan baru Kemenkes terhadap perubahan kadar hemoglobin siswi anemia di Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara. Rancangan penelitian randomized control group pretest dan postest. Subyek penelitian dikelompokkan menjadi 2 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok A (19 siswi) diberi suplementasi program lama (satu tablet per minggu dan satu tablet selama haid) dan kelompok B (19 siswi) diberi suplementasi program baru (satu tablet per minggu). Pemberian suplementasi TTD diminum di depan peneliti diberikan selama 8 minggu. Data asupan zat gizi diperoleh dengan kuesioner food recall, lama haid, lama menarche, kebiasaan minum teh atau kopi, pengetahuan tentang anemia dan TTD diperoleh melalui kuesioner berstruktur, kadar Hb awal dan akhir dengan cyanmethemoglobin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan efektifitas perubahan kadar Hb pada kedua kelompok intervensi (p=0.402) dan tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara variabel internal dan eksternal terhadap perubahan kadar hemoglobin siswi kecuali Hb awal (p=0.001) dengan rata-rata perubahan Hb siswi kelompok A sebesar 1.77 g/dl sedangkan kelompok B sebesar 1.44 g/dl.

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Anemia is one of the nutritional problems, which needs to be highly concerned. Adolescent girls are included to a group which is susceptible to anaemia because of their monthly menstruation and gowth periods. This study aims to investigate difference effectiveness between old and new programs of the ministry iron supplementation in changes hemoglobin level among anemic students in Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara.

Design of this study is randomized control group pretest dan posttest.Subjects were randomized into two groups, group A (19 subjects) old program supplementation ( once per week and once per day in menstrual period) and group (B) new program supplementation (once per week). Supplementation of iron tablet was given for a consecutive 8 weeks. Nutrient intake obtained with the food recall questionnaire, days menstruation, menarche, drinking tea or kopi, knowledge anemia and iron tablet through structured questionnaire and level of hemoglobin by cymenthemoglobin.

The study shows no difference found in the change of hemoglobin level of the two groups (p=0.402) and internal and external variable were not significantly in the change of hemoglobin level except early hemoglobin with mean hemoglobin change in old program supplementation was 1.77 g/dl while in new program supplementation the change was 1.44 g/dl."

"ABSTRAKRuang lingkup dan cara penelitianTingginya prevalensi anemia defisiensi besi pada wanita usia reproduksi di Indonesia. Asupan zat besi melalui makanan dan aktifitas fisik/olahraga yang berat dapat merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab anemia defisiensi besi. Telah dilakukan penelitian quasi eksperimental pada 60 siswa wanita untuk melihat pengaruh latihan fisik yang teratur dan konsumsi makanan yang didapat setiap hari terhadap kadar hemoglobin dan feritin serum di suatu pendidikan khusus selama 12 minggu. Pada awal dan akhir penelitian, kepada subjek dilakukan pemeriksaan; kesehatan, antropometri, kadar hemoglobin dan feritin serum. Sedangkan asupan makanan dan kegiatan 24 jam dinilai selama masa penelitian berlangsung. Dengan metode 3 days record dan metode faktorial.Hasi1 dan KesimpulanPada awal dan akhir penelitian didapatkan kejadian defisiensi besi dengan atau tanpa anemia dan anemia bukan defisiensi besi yang cukup tinggi. Kualitas makanan yang diterima mempunyai imbangan sumber energi yang sesuai dengan anjuran, dan kuantitas asupan zat gizi yang diteliti (lemak, protein, zat besi dan vitamin C) berada di atas nilai kebutuhan yang disesuaikan dengan kecukupan yang dianjurkan, kecuali asupan energi dan karbohidrat sedikit di bawah nilai kecukupan. Jenis aktifitas/kegiatan yang dilakukan to nnasuk kategori jenis aktifitas berat dengan keluaran energi dalam sehari sebesar 3496,88+134,21 Kal. Latihan fisik dan asupan makanan yang diterima selama penelitian ini berlangsung, dapat menurunkan berat badan dan indeks masa tubuh (p<0,05), tetapi meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin (p;0,05) dan feritin serum (p<0,05). Perubahan ini dipikirkan karena selain adanya efek konsumsi zat besi dari makanan yang diterima, jenis intensitas dan lama latihan fisik yang dilakukan, distribusi populasi subjek berdasarkan kadar hemoglobin dan feritin serum turut pula mempengaruhinya.

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ABSTRACT

Scope and Method of Study:

The prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in reproductive age women in Indonesia is high. Two factors involved on causing iron deficiency anaemia are food intake and hard physical training.

A quacy experimental study was done on 60 women to investigate the changes of hemoglobin and serum ferritin on women student who had regular meals and taking basic physical training during 12 weeks in special education. Physical, anthropometric examination, hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentration determination were done on each subject at the beginning and at the end of the basic special education. The evaluation of food intake and 24 hours activities were done using three days record and factorial method during this study.

Result and Conclusions:

The incidence of iron deficiency at the beginning and at the end of study were quite high, both among the anaemic and the non anaemic group. The quality of food intake was well balanced and the quantity of each nutritional element under study (fat, protein, iron and vitamin C) were above the optimal requirement, except calorie and carbohydrate were slightly below the optimal requirement. The exercises done by the subjects were categorized as heavy exercise with energy expenditure of 3496.88±134.21 calories per day. Heavy exercise and food intake during the study managed, to lower the body weight and body mass index (p<0.05) and increased the hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations (p<0.05). The changes were thought due to iron consumption, intensity and duration of physical training, subject population distribution according to hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations."

"Latar belakang: Stunting adalah gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada anak-anak yang muncul dari akumulasi nutrisi buruk dan paparan infeksi berulang dalam 1000 hari pertama kehidupan. Stunting dicirikan dengan tinggi badan anak di bawah rata-rata dan ditemukan menyebabkan kelainan email karena berkurangnya massa jaringan email (hipoplasia) atau berkurangnya konten mineral di dalam email (hipomineralisasi). Kadar hemoglobin rendah masih menjadi kontroversi apakah ciri dari stunting karena faktor etiologinya yang serupa sering dijumpai pada kasus stunting. Tujuan: Menganalisis potensi kelainan email dan kadar hemoglobin sebagai prediktor kondisi stunting. Metode: Sampel penelitian adalah data pemeriksaan tahun 2019 pada siswa/i sekolah dasar (SD) kelas 1-2 Kecamatan Nangpanda, Ende, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Hasil: Kelainan email dan kadar hemoglobin secara statistik tidak mampu menjadi prediktor kondisi stunting (p>0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada frekuensi kelainan email dan kadar hemoglobin antara anak normal dan anak dengan stunting (p>0,05). Korelasi antara frekuensi kelainan email dengan kadar hemoglobin secara statistik memiliki korelasi sedang negatif (p<0,05; r =-0,403). Tidak terdapat korelasi secara statistik antara variabel stunting dengan frekuensi kelainan email dan kadar hemoglobin (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Pada anak 6-8 tahun, kelainan email dan kadar hemoglobin tidak mampu menjadi prediktor stunting, meskipun terdapat hubungan antara kelainan email dengan kadar hemoglobin.

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Background: Stunting is an impaired growth and development in children arises from the accumulation of poor nutrition and repeated infections in the first 1000 days of a child's life. Characterized by height below their age peer’s average height and been reported caused defect on enamel structure, due to lack of tissue mass (hypoplasia) or lack of mineral content (hypomineralization). Meanwhile, low haemoglobin levels as for now is still a controversy as to whether the characteristic of stunting or not. Objective: To analyse the potency of enamel defects and haemoglobin levels as predictors of stunting. Methods: Examination data in 2019 from elementary school students of grades 1-2 (6-8 years old) at Nangpanda District, Ende, East Nusa Tenggara. Results: Enamel defects and haemoglobin levels were unable to predict stunting (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in enamel defects and haemoglobin levels between normal and stunted children (p>0.05). The frequency of enamel defects and haemoglobin levels has a statistically moderate negative (p<0.05; r=-0.403), there is no statistical correlation between stunting and the frequency of enamel defects and haemoglobin levels (p>0.05). Conclusion: Enamel defects and haemoglobin levels are not able to predict stunting, although there is a relationship between enamel abnormalities and haemoglobin levels."

"Introduction. Thalassemia is one of the hemoglobin disorders with high prevalence worldwide and in Indonesia. A continuous red blood cells transfusion can result in accumulation of iron in the body and stored as ferritin. The excessive iron is removed using iron chelation therapy where a good compliance to iron chelators is required for desirable outcomes. Hence, this study aims to find the association between patients’ compliance to oral iron chelators (Deferasirox and Deferiprone) and serum ferritin level in adolescent thalassemia patients as they have been known to be non-compliant towards their medication.Methods. Questionnaire and patient diary card were distributed to adolescent thalassemia patients who had fulfilled exclusion and inclusion criteria. Subjects were divided into poor and good compliance based on the result of patient diary card which were filled for 30 days. Based on Adherence Barrier Questionnaire (ABQ), high and low ABQ score were obtained. The serum ferritin level pre- and post-study was obtained from patients’ medical record. The association between patients’ compliance from the diary card report was assessed using SPSS along with identification of adherence barriers and questionnaire’s total score from the ABQ result.Results. Out of 29 subjects, from the result of patient diary card, there were 72% subjects with poor compliance and 28% subjects with good compliance. Based on ABQ result, there were 4.8% subjects with high ABQ score and 55.2% subjects with low ABQ score. There was a statistically significant correlation between ABQ score and serum ferritin level difference pre- and post-study (ρ = -0.394, p = 0.034). The correlation between patient’s compliance from diary card and serum ferritin level was insignificant (ρ = -0.040, p = 0.838). Based on ABQ result, it was found that forgetfulness, patients’ attitude towards their regiments, and fear of side effects are barriers towards patients’ compliance for iron chelators.Conclusion. There is a correlation between patients’ compliance and serum ferritin level based on the result of ABQ.

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Pendahuluan. Talasemia adalah salah satu kelainan hemoglobin dengan prevalensi tinggi di dunia dan di Indonesia. Transfusi darah dalam jangka waktu panjang menyebabkan penumpukan zat besi dalam tubuh yang disimpan sebagai feritin serum. Zat besi yang berlebihan dikeluarkan dengan terapi kelasi besi, dimana dibutuhkan kepatuhan yang baik terhadap obat kelasi besi agar hasil pengobatan baik. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mencari hubungan antara kepatuhan pasien terhadap obat kelasi besi oral (Deferasiroks dan Deferipron) dengan jumlah feritin serum pada pasien talasemia remaja karena remaja dikenal sering tidak patuh terhadap pengobatan mereka.

Metode. Kuesioner dan buku diari disebarkan untuk mengumpulkan data dari pasien talasemia remaja yang memenuhi kriteria eksklusi dan inklusi. Subjek dibagi menjadi kepatuhan baik dan buruk berdasarkan hasil buku diari yang diisi selama 30 hari. Berdasarkan hasil Adherence Barrier Questionnaire (ABQ), didapatkan skor ABQ tinggi dan rendah. Jumlah feritin serum sebelum dan sesudah studi diambil dari rekam medik pasien. Hubungan antara kepatuhan pasien berdasarkan buku diari dinilai menggunakan SPSS bersamaan dengan identifikasi penghambat kepatuhan dan skor total kuesioner berdasarkan hasil ABQ.

Hasil. Dari 29 subjek, berdasarkan hasil buku diari, terdapat 72% subjek dengan kepatuhan yang baik dan 28% subjek dengan kepatuhan yang buruk. Berdasarkan hasil ABQ, terdapat 44.8% subjek dengan skor ABQ tinggi dan 55.2% subjek dengan skor ABQ rendah. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara skor ABQ dan perbedaan feritin serum sebelum dan sesudah studi (ρ = -0.394, p = 0.034). Sementara itu, hubungan antara kepatuhan pasien bedasarkan buku diari dengan perbedaan jumlah feritin serum tidak bermakna (ρ = -0.040, p = 0.838). Ditemukan bahwa lupa, sikap pasien terhadap obatnya, dan ketakutan terhadap efek samping adalah penghalang kepatuhan pasien terhadap obat kelasi besi berdasarkan hasil respon dari ABQ.

Kesimpulan. Terdapat hubungan antara kepatuhan pasien dengan jumlah feritin serum berdasarkan hasil ABQ.

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"Prevalensi anemia gizi pada ibu hamil masih cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Pada umumnya anemia gizi pada ibu hamil disebabkan kekurangan zat besi. Penyebab utama anemia gizi tampaknya adalah konsumsi zat makanan yang tidak cukup, terutama protein dan bahan lainnya pembentuk darah seperti besi, asam folat, vitamin B12, vitamin C. Konsumsi zat makanan tersebut sering lebih rendah dari dua pertiga kecukupan zat makanan yang dianjurkan sehari. Pada ibu hamil, jugs didapatkan penurunan kadar asam folat yang lebih besar dari pada wanita yang tidak hamil, hal ini merupakan salah satu faktor kontribusi untuk terjadinya anemia gizi. Suplementasi preparat zat besi dan asam folat, merupakan pendekatan yang efektif untuk memenuhi kebutuhan zat besi dan asam folat yang meningkat pada waktu hamil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan pengaruh pemberian zat besi dengan zat besi dan asam folat terhadap kadar Hb pada ibu hamil dengan anemia. Dilakukan studi eksperimental terhadap 92 orang ibu hamil dengan umur kehamilan 16 - 32 minggu dengan anemia gizi (8 g% S Hb < 11 g%, Ht < 37%) yang berkunjung ke Bagian Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak Puskesmas Kecamatan Cilandak Jakarta Selatan. Subyek dibagi menjadi kelompok perlakuan (45 orang) dan kelompok kontrol (47 orang). Selama 8 minggu kelompok perlakuan diberikan pil zat besi dan asam folat (200 mg + 0,25 mg/hari) sedangkan kelompok kontrol mendapat pil zat besi (200 mg/hari) saja. Dari penelitian ini ditemukan :

1. Prevalensi anemia gizi pada ibu hamil masih cukup tinggi (42,73%).
2. Subyek umurnya berasal dari golongan sosial ekonomi rendah, tingkat pendidikan rendah, berpengetahuan gizi dan berperilaku gizi kurang. Agaknya hal tersebut yang menyebabkan kurangnya asupan zat gizi, terutama protein, zat besi, asam folat, vitamin B12, dibandingkan AKG yang dianjurkan untuk ibu hamil, serta memungkinkan terjadinya anemia gizi pada kehamilan.
3. Dengan pemberian setiap hari pil zat besi atau pil zat besi + asam folat selama 8 minggu, didapatkan kenaikan kadar Hb dan Ht. Tetapi pada pemberian pil zat besi + asam folat didapatkan kenaikan kadar Hb dan Ht yang lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan pemberian pil zat besi saja (nilai rata-rata kenaikan Hb kelompok perlakuan 2,12 g% dan kelompok kontrol 0,78 g%, nilai rata-rata kenaikan Ht kelompok perlakuan 4,49% dan kelompok kontrol 1,98 %).(p < 0,01).

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The prevalence of nutritional anemia among pregnant women is still high in Indonesia. The most common nutritional anemia among pregnant women is iron deficiency anemia which is apparently due to inadequate dietary nutrient intake, i.e. protein, iron, folic acid, vitamin B12 and vitamin C. Estimated dietary nutrients intake is often below two thirds of the RDA. The decrease of plasma folic acid concentration in pregnancy is more than in non pregnant women, which forms one of the contributing factors in the causation of the nutritional anemia in pregnancy. Combined iron and folate supplementation is an effective approach to meet the high iron and folate requirement during pregnancy.

The objective of this study is to compare the effect of iron and combined iron and folate supplementation. An experimental study, was carried out on 92 women 16-32 weeks pregnant with hemoglobin concentration between 8 g% and less than 11 g%, and hematocrit less than 37%, who visited the Primary Health Center Cilandak at Kecamatan Cilandak, South Jakarta. Subjects are deviled into study and control groups consisting of 45 and 47 subjects respectively. During 8 weeks the combined iron and folate preparation (200 mg ferrosulfate and 0,25 mg folic acid) were distributed to the study group and the iron preparation (200 mg ferrosulfate) to the control group.

From this study can be concluded as follow :

1. The prevalence of nutritional anemia in pregnancy is still high ( 42,73 % ).
2. Subjects were primarily from low socio economic level, had low education, poor knowledge and nutritional behavior. Which apparently led to inadequate dietary nutrient intake (i.e. protein, iron, folic acid, vitamin B12) compared to RDA causing probably the nutritional anemia in pregnancy.
3. Daily supplementation of combined iron and folic acid pils or iron pils only for 8 weeks, increased the hemoglobin and hematocrit concentration of the subjects. But combined pits increased the Hb and Ht concentration more significant than iron pils only. (The mean of increased hemoglobin concentration of the study group was 2,12 mg% and 0,78 mg% of the control group. The mean of the increased hematocrit concentration of the study group was 4,49 % and 1,98 % of the control group )(p<0.41).

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"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Zink merupakan merupakan salah satu mikronutrien esensial sehingga defisiensi zink dalam tubuh menyebabkan ukuran lingkar kepala dan perkembangan kognitif pada bayi tidak sesuai dengan seusianya. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar zink dengan ukuran lingkar kepala dan perkembangan kognitif bayi. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian poteng lintang terhadap 97 subjek yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian Variabel-variabel dianalisis dengan dengan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Korelasi antara kadar zink dan ukuran lingkar kepala dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Pearson sedangkan hubungan kadar zink dan perkembangan kognitif dilakukan dengan uji T independen hubungan bermakna.

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ABSTRACTBackground Zinc is one of the essential micronutrients for human body. Zinc deficiency could lead to smalerl head circumference and late of cognitive development. Objective This study is aimed to seek the relationship between serum zinc level with head circumference and cognitive development in children. Method This study used cross sectional model in 97 subjects that suitable to the criteria. Variabels are then analysed with Kolmogorov Smirnov test. Correlation between serum zinc level and head circumference is analysed with Pearson correlation formula, and relation between serum zinc level and cognitive development is analysed with T independent formula significant correlation."

"Anemia pada kehamilan berdampak terjadinya persalinan prematuritas dan BBLR. Upaya penanggulangan anemia ibu hamil dengan pemberian suplementasi besi-folat satu kali sehari, walaupun ibu hamil tidak teratur minum suplemen karena keluhan efek samping seperti mual dan muntah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian suplementasi besi-folat program satu kali sehari dan dua kali seminggu terhadap kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil di Kabupaten Pringsewu tahun 2013. Desain penelitian kuasi eksperimen (non-randomized pre test-post test control group design) pada 96 ibu hamil yang berusia 20-35 tahun dengan usia kehamilan 10-30 minggu secara purposive sampling dibagi tiga kelompok yaitu TTD1, TTD2, dan TTDF masing-masing 32 orang. Data penelitian bersumber data primer hasil pengukuran kadar hemoglobin. Analisis data menggunakan uji beda dua mean dan regresi linear ganda. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kenaikan kadar hemoglobin terbesar pada kelompok ibu hamil yang diberi suplementasi besi-folat program ditambah suplementasi asam folat dua kali seminggu. Oleh karena itu direkomendasikan upaya pencegahan anemia ibu hamil dengan memberikan suplementasi besi-folat program ditambah suplementasi asam folat dua kali seminggu.

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Anemia in pregnancy affects birth prematurity and low birth weight. Efforts to prevent maternal anemia with iron-folate supplementation program once a day, although pregnant women irregularly take supplements because side effects complaints as nausea and vomitted. This study aims to determine the effect of iron-folate supplementation program once a day and twice a week for hemoglobin concentrations of pregnant women in the Pringsewu district 2013. Is a quasi experimental research design (non-randomized pre test-post test control group design) in 96 pregnant women aged 20-35 years with a gestational age of 10-30 weeks were purposive sampling divided into three groups: TTD1, TTD2, and TTDF as many as 32 people each groups. Source of research data is the primary data measuring hemoglobin concentrations. Analysis using two different test mean and multiple linear regression. The result showed the biggest increase in hemoglobin concentrations in the group of pregnant women who were given ironfolate supplementation program plus folic acid supplementation twice a week. Therefore, recommended preventive maternal anemia with iron-folate supplementation program plus folic acid supplementation twice a week."